A000356 -id:A000356 - cp's OEIS frontend

A000891 a(n) = (2n)!(2n+1)! / (n! (n+1)!)^2.

1, 3, 20, 175, 1764, 19404, 226512, 2760615, 34763300, 449141836, 5924217936, 79483257308, 1081724803600, 14901311070000, 207426250094400, 2913690606794775, 41255439318353700, 588272005095043500

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

nonn

Number of parallelogram polyominoes having n+1 columns and n+1 rows. - Emeric Deutsch, May 21 2003
Number of tilings of an  hexagon.
a(n) is the number of non-crossing partitions of [2n+1] into n+1 blocks. For example, a[1] counts 13-2, 1-23, 12-3. - David Callan, Jul 25 2005
The number of returning walks of length 2n on the upper half of a square lattice, since a(n) = Sum_{k=0..2n} binomial(2n,k)*A126120(k)*A126869(n-k). - Andrew V. Sutherland, Mar 24 2008
For sequences counting walks in the upper half-plane starting from the origin and finishing at the lattice points (0,m) see A145600 (m = 1), A145601 (m = 2), A145602 (m = 3) and A145603 (m = 4). - Peter Bala, Oct 14 2008
The number of proper mergings of two n-chains. - Henri Mühle, Aug 17 2012
a(n) is number of pairs of non-intersecting lattice paths from (0,0) to (n+1,n+1) using (1,0) and (0,1) as steps. Here, non-intersecting means two paths do not share a vertex except the origin and the destination. For example, a(1) = 3 because we have three such pairs from (0,0) to (2,2): {NNEE,EENN}, {NNEE,ENEN}, {NENE,EENN}. - Ran Pan, Oct 01 2015
Also the number of ordered rooted trees with 2(n+1) nodes and n+1 leaves, i.e., half of the nodes are leaves. These trees are ranked by A358579. The unordered version is A185650. - Gus Wiseman, Nov 27 2022
The number of secondary GL(2) invariants constructed from n+1 two component vectors. This number was evaluated by using the Molien-Weyl formula to compute the Hilbert series of the ring of invariants. - Jaco van Zyl, Jun 30 2025

			G.f. = 1 + 3*x + 20*x^2 + 175*x^3 + 1764*x^4 + 19404*x^5 + ...
From _Gus Wiseman_, Nov 27 2022: (Start)
The a(2) = 20 ordered rooted trees with 6 nodes and 3 leaves:
  (((o)oo))  (((o)o)o)  (((o))oo)
  (((oo)o))  (((oo))o)  ((o)(o)o)
  (((ooo)))  ((o)(oo))  ((o)o(o))
  ((o(o)o))  ((o(o))o)  (o((o))o)
  ((o(oo)))  ((oo)(o))  (o(o)(o))
  ((oo(o)))  (o((o)o))  (oo((o)))
             (o((oo)))
             (o(o(o)))
(End)

J. M. Borwein and P. B. Borwein, Pi and the AGM, Wiley, 1987, p. 8.
E. R. Hansen, A Table of Series and Products, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1975, p. 94.

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..100
Abderrahim Arabi, Hacène Belbachir, and Jean-Philippe Dubernard, Enumeration of parallelogram polycubes, arXiv:2105.00971 [cs.DM], 2021.
Elena Barcucci, Andrea Frosini and Simone Rinaldi, On directed-convex polyominoes in a rectangle, Discr. Math., 298 (2005). 62-78.
Paul Barry, On Integer-Sequence-Based Constructions of Generalized Pascal Triangles, J. Integer Sequ., Vol. 9 (2006), Article 06.2.4.
Paul Barry, On a Generalization of the Narayana Triangle, J. Int. Seq. 14 (2011), Article 11.4.5.
William Y. C. Chen, Sabrina X. M. Pang, Ellen X. Y. Qu, and Richard P. Stanley, Pairs of Noncrossing Free Dyck Paths and Noncrossing Partitions, arXiv:0804.2930 [math.CO], 2008.
William Y. C. Chen, Sabrina X. M. Pang, Ellen X. Y. Qu, and Richard P. Stanley, Pairs of Noncrossing Free Dyck Paths and Noncrossing Partitions, Discrete Math., 309 (2009), 2834-2838.
Robert de Mello Koch, Animik Ghosh, and Hendrik J. R. Van Zyl, Bosonic Fortuity in Vector Models, arXiv:2504.14181 [hep-th], 2025. See p. 9; Journal of High Energy Physics 06 (2025) 246.
Ivan Marin and Emmanuel Wagner, A cubic defining algebra for the Links-Gould polynomial. arXiv preprint arXiv:1203.5981 [math.GT], 2012. - From _N. J. A. Sloane_, Sep 21 2012
Henri Mühle, Counting Proper Mergings of Chains and Antichains, arXiv:1206.3922 [math.CO], 2012.
Guoce Xin, Determinant formulas relating to tableaux of bounded height, Adv. Appl. Math. 45 (2010) 197-211.

Cf. A000356, A010370, A038535.
Cf. A145600, A145601, A145602, A145603. - Peter Bala, Oct 14 2008
Cf. A000142, A000894, A248045.
Equals half of A267981.
Counts the trees ranked by A358579.
A001263 counts ordered rooted trees by nodes and leaves.
A090181 counts ordered rooted trees by nodes and internals.
Cf. A000108, A065097, A080936, A185650, A358371, A358586, A358590.

a000891 n = a001263 (2 * n - 1) n  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 10 2013

[Factorial(2*n)*Factorial(2*n+1) / (Factorial(n) * Factorial(n+1))^2: n in [0..20]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Aug 15 2011

with(combstruct): bin := {B=Union(Z,Prod(B,B))} :seq(1/2*binomial(2*i,i)*(count([B,bin,unlabeled],size=i)), i=1..18) ; # Zerinvary Lajos, Jun 06 2007

a[ n_] := If[ n == -1, 0, Binomial[2 n + 1, n]^2 / (2 n + 1)]; (* Michael Somos, May 28 2014 *)
a[ n_] := SeriesCoefficient[ (1 - Hypergeometric2F1[ -1/2, 1/2, 1, 16 x]) / (4 x), {x, 0, n}]; (* Michael Somos, May 28 2014 *)
a[ n_] := If[ n < 0, 0, (2 n)! SeriesCoefficient[ BesselI[0, 2 x] BesselI[1, 2 x] / x, {x, 0, 2 n}]]; (* Michael Somos, May 28 2014 *)
a[ n_] := SeriesCoefficient[ (1 - EllipticE[ 16 x] / (Pi/2)) / (4 x), {x, 0, n}]; (* Michael Somos, Sep 18 2016 *)
a[n_] := (2 n + 1) CatalanNumber[n]^2;
Array[a, 20, 0] (* Peter Luschny, Mar 03 2020 *)

{a(n) = binomial(2*n+1, n)^2 / (2*n + 1)}; /* Michael Somos, Jun 22 2005 */

a(n) = matdet(matrix(n, n, i, j, binomial(n+j+1,i+1))) \\ Hugo Pfoertner, Oct 22 2022

-4*a(n) = A010370(n+1).
G.f.: (1 - E(16*x)/(Pi/2))/(4*x) where E() is the elliptic integral of the second kind. [edited by Olivier Gérard, Feb 16 2011]
G.f.: 3F2(1, 1/2, 3/2; 2,2; 16*x)= (1 - 2F1(-1/2, 1/2; 1; 16*x)) / (4*x). - Olivier Gérard, Feb 16 2011
E.g.f.: Sum_{n>=0} a(n)*x^(2*n)/(2*n)! = BesselI(0, 2*x) * BesselI(1, 2*x) / x. - Michael Somos, Jun 22 2005
a(n) = A001700(n)*A000108(n) = (1/2)*A000984(n+1)*A000108(n). - Zerinvary Lajos, Jun 06 2007
For n > 0, a(n) = (n+2)*A000356(n) starting (1, 5, 35, 294, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Apr 08 2011
a(n) = A001263(2*n+1,n+1) = binomial(2*n+1,n+1)*binomial(2*n+1,n)/(2*n+1) (central members of odd numbered rows of Narayana triangle).
G.f.: If G_N(x) = 1 + Sum_{k=1..N} ((2*k)!*(2*k+1)!*x^k)/(k!*(k+1)!)^2, G_N(x) = 1 + 12*x/(G(0) - 12*x); G(k) = 16*x*k^2 + 32*x*k + k^2 + 4*k + 12*x + 4 - 4*x*(2*k+3)*(2*k+5)*(k+2)^2/G(k+1); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Nov 24 2011
D-finite with recurrence (n+1)^2*a(n) - 4*(2*n-1)*(2*n+1)*a(n-1) = 0. - R. J. Mathar, Dec 03 2012
a(n) = A005558(2n). - Mark van Hoeij, Aug 20 2014
a(n) = A000894(n) / (n+1) = A248045(n+1) / A000142(n+1). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Sep 30 2014
From Ilya Gutkovskiy, Feb 01 2017: (Start)
E.g.f.: 2F2(1/2,3/2; 2,2; 16*x).
a(n) ~ 2^(4*n+1)/(Pi*n^2). (End)
a(n) = A005408(n)*(A000108(n))^2. - Ivan N. Ianakiev, Nov 13 2019
a(n) = det(M(n)) where M(n) is the n X n matrix with m(i,j) = binomial(n+j+1,i+1). - Benoit Cloitre, Oct 22 2022
a(n) = Integral_{x=0..16} x^n*W(x) dx, where W(x) = (16*EllipticE(1 - x/16) - x*EllipticK(1 - x/16))/(8*Pi^2*sqrt(x)), n=>0. W(x) diverges at x=0, monotonically decreases for x>0, and vanishes at x=16. EllipticE and EllipticK are elliptic functions. This integral representation as n-th moment of a positive function W(x) on the interval [0, 16] is unique. - Karol A. Penson, Dec 20 2023

More terms from Andrew V. Sutherland, Mar 24 2008

A001246 Squares of Catalan numbers.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 4, 25, 196, 1764, 17424, 184041, 2044900, 23639044, 282105616, 3455793796, 43268992144, 551900410000, 7152629313600, 93990019574025, 1250164827828900, 16807771574144100, 228138727737690000, 3123219182728976100, 43087676888260976400, 598598221893939680400, 8369059450146650049600

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

Also multi-component meanders.
Also, number of walks within N^2 (the first quadrant of Z^2) starting and ending at (0,0) and consisting of 2 n steps taken from {(-1, -1), (-1, 1), (1, -1), (1, 1)}. [Evans and Pugh show that this is the same sequence.] - N. J. A. Sloane, Jul 04 2014
This is probably the diagonal of A209805. In this case a(n) = number of non-crossing partitions up to rotation of [2n+1] into n+1 blocks. See "Partition related number triangles" in Links section. - Tilman Piesk, Apr 09 2012
a(n) is also the number of regular cover graphs of lattice quotients of essential lattice congruences of the weak order on the symmetric group S_{n+1}. See Table 1 in the Hoang/Mütze reference in the Links section. - Torsten Muetze, Nov 28 2019

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..100
Andrei Asinowski, Cyril Banderier, and Sarah J. Selkirk, From Kreweras to Gessel: A walk through patterns in the quarter plane, Séminaire Lotharingien de Combinatoire, Proc. 35th Conf. Formal Power Series and Alg. Comb. (Davis, 2023) Vol. 89B, Art. #30.
Cyril Banderier, Markus Kuba, Stephan Wagner, and Michael Wallner, Composition schemes: q-enumerations and phase transitions, arXiv:2311.17226 [math.CO], 2023. See p. 6.
Mireille Bousquet-Mélou and Marni Mishna, Walks with small steps in the quarter plane, arXiv:0810.4387 [math.CO], 2008-2009.
P. Di Francesco, O. Golinelli, and E. Guitter, Meander, folding and arch statistics, arXiv:hep-th/9506030, 1995.
David E. Evans and Mathew Pugh, Spectral measures associated to rank two Lie groups and finite subgroups of GL(2,Z), arXiv preprint arXiv:1404.1877 [math.OA], 2014-2015.
O. Guibert, Stack words, standard Young tableaux, permutations with forbidden subsequences and planar maps, Discr. Math., Vol. 210, No. 1-3 (2000), pp. 71-85.
Hung Phuc Hoang and Torsten Mütze, Combinatorial generation via permutation languages. II. Lattice congruences, arXiv:1911.12078 [math.CO], 2019.
Amya Luo, Pattern Avoidance in Nonnesting Permutations, Undergraduate Thesis, Dartmouth College (2024). See p. 11.
Tilman Piesk, Partition related number triangles. (Wikiversity article)
Wikipedia, Ramanujan-Sato series.

Cf. A000108, A000356, A000891, A186264.
Row sums of triangle A008828.
Probably diagonal of A209805.

List([0..25],n->(Binomial(2*n,n)/(n+1))^2); # Muniru A Asiru, Mar 28 2018

seq((binomial(2*n,n)/(1+n))^2, n=0..18); # Zerinvary Lajos, Jun 18 2007

aux[i_Integer, j_Integer, n_Integer] := Which[Min[i, j, n] < 0 || Max[i, j] > n, 0, n == 0, KroneckerDelta[i, j, n], True, aux[i, j, n] = aux[-1 + i, -1 + j, -1 + n] + aux[-1 + i, 1 + j, -1 + n] + aux[1 + i, -1 + j, -1 + n] + aux[1 + i, 1 + j, -1 + n]]; Table[aux[0, 0, 2 n], {n, 0, 25}] (* Manuel Kauers, Nov 18 2008 *)
CatalanNumber[Range[0,30]]^2  (* Harvey P. Dale, Apr 26 2011 *)
a[ n_] := If[ n == -1, 0, CatalanNumber[ n]^2] (* Michael Somos, Jul 11 2011 *)
a[ n_] := SeriesCoefficient[ (2 EllipticE[ 16 x] - (1 - 16 x) EllipticK[ 16 x] - Pi/2) / ( 2 Pi x), {x, 0, n}] (* Michael Somos, Jul 11 2011 *)
a[ n_] := If[ n < 0, 0, (2 n)! SeriesCoefficient[ HypergeometricPFQ[ {1/2}, {2, 2}, 4 x^2], {x, 0, 2 n}]] (* Michael Somos, Jul 11 2011 *)

combinat::dyckWords::count(n)^2 $ n = 0..18 // Zerinvary Lajos, Feb 15 2007

a(n)=(binomial(2*n,n)/(n+1))^2 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 16 2011

[catalan_number(i)^2 for i in range(0,19)] # Zerinvary Lajos, May 17 2009

G.f.: -1/(4*x)+1/2*(16*x-1)/x * EllipticK(4*x^(1/2))/Pi + 1/x*EllipticE(4*x^(1/2))/Pi. - Vladeta Jovovic, Oct 12 2003
G.f.: 3F2( (1, 1/2, 1/2); (2, 2); 16x) = (-1 + 2F1( (-1/2, -1/2); (1); 16x))/(4*x) - Olivier Gérard, Feb 16 2011
E.g.f.: hypergeom([1/2], [2, 2], 4*x^2) = 2*BesselI(0, 2*x)^2-BesselI(0, 2*x)*BesselI(1, 2*x)/x-2*BesselI(1, 2*x)^2. - Vladeta Jovovic, Jun 04 2005
D-finite with recurrence (n+1)^2*a(n) -4*(2*n-1)^2*a(n-1)=0. - R. J. Mathar, Jan 04 2013
From Ilya Gutkovskiy, Mar 23 2017: (Start)
a(n) ~ 16^n/(Pi*n^3).
Sum_{n>=0} 1/a(n) = 3F2(1,2,2; 1/2,1/2; 1/16) = 2.295732295098655... (End)
Sum {n>=0} a(n)*(n+1)/16^n = 4/Pi. This is a kind of Ramanujan-Sato series. - Ralf Steiner, Mar 23 2017
From Peter Bala, Mar 28 2018: (Start)
a(n) = 1/(2*n + 1)*f(2*n)/(f(n)*f(n)), where f(n) = n!*(n+1)!. Cf. Catalan(n) = 1/(n + 1)*(2*n)!/(n!*n!).
a(n) = 1/(2*n + 1)*A000891(n).
a(n) = (n + 2)/(2*n + 1)*A000356(n).
a(n) = (n + 2)/3*A186264(n-1). (End)
From Amiram Eldar, Mar 27 2022: (Start)
a(n) = A000108(n)^2.
Sum_{n>=0} a(n)/16^n = 16/Pi - 4. (End)

As a result of the work of Evans and Pugh, it was possible to merge A151342 with this sequence. - N. J. A. Sloane, Jul 04 2014

A005568 Product of two successive Catalan numbers C(n)*C(n+1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 10, 70, 588, 5544, 56628, 613470, 6952660, 81662152, 987369656, 12228193432, 154532114800, 1986841476000, 25928281261800, 342787130211150, 4583937702039300, 61923368957373000, 844113292629453000, 11600528392993339800, 160599522947154548400, 2238236829690383152800

Offset: 0

R. K. Guy, Simon Plouffe and N. J. A. Sloane

Also equal to the number of standard tableaux of 2n cells with height less than or equal to 4. A005817(2n) - Mike Zabrocki, Feb 22 2007
Also equal to Sum binomial(2n,2i)*C(i)*C(n-i) = (4/Pi^2) Integral_{y=0..Pi} Integral_{x=0..Pi} (2*cos(x)+2*cos(y))^(2n)*sin^2(x)*sin^2(y) dx dy, since this counts walks of 2n steps in the nonnegative quadrant of an integer lattice that return to the origin (cf. R. K. Guy link below). - Andrew V. Sutherland, Nov 29 2007
Also, number of walks within N^2 (the first quadrant of Z^2) starting at (0,0), ending on the vertical axis and consisting of 2 n steps taken from {(-1, 0), (-1, 1), (1, -1), (1, 0)}. - Manuel Kauers, Nov 18 2008 - Manuel Kauers, Nov 18 2008
Also, number of walks within N^2 (the first quadrant of Z^2) starting and ending at (0,0) and consisting of 2 n steps taken from {(-1, 0), (0, -1), (0, 1), (1, 0)}. - Manuel Kauers, Nov 18 2008
a(2n-2) is also the sum of the numbers of standard Young tableaux of size 2n of (2,2) rectangular hook shapes (k+2,k+2,2^{n-2-k}, 0 <= k <= n-2. - Amitai Regev (amitai.regev(AT)weizmann.ac.il), Mar 10 2010
Also, number of tree-rooted planar maps with n edges. - Noam Zeilberger, Aug 18 2017

M. Lothaire, Applied Combinatorics on Words, Cambridge, 2005. See Prop. 9.1.9, p. 452. [From N. J. A. Sloane, Apr 03 2012]
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Muniru A Asiru, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..831 (terms n=0..100 from T. D. Noe)
M. Agiorgousis, B. Green, N. A. Scoville, A. Onderdonk, and K. Rich, Homological sequences in discrete Morse theory, J. Integer Seqs., (submitted), 2012. - From _N. J. A. Sloane_, Dec 27 2012
Andrei Asinowski, Cyril Banderier, and Sarah J. Selkirk, From Kreweras to Gessel: A walk through patterns in the quarter plane, Séminaire Lotharingien de Combinatoire, Proc. 35th Conf. Formal Power Series and Alg. Comb. (Davis, 2023) Vol. 89B, Art. #30.
Paul Barry, On Integer-Sequence-Based Constructions of Generalized Pascal Triangles, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 9 (2006), Article 06.2.4.
Matteo Bellitti, Siddhardh Morampudi, and Chris R. Laumann, Hamiltonian Dynamics of a Sum of Interacting Random Matrices, arXiv:1908.02263 [cond-mat.stat-mech], 2019.
Olivier Bernardi, Bijective Counting of Tree-Rooted Maps and Shuffles of Parenthesis Systems, Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, Vol. 14 (2007), Article R9.
Alin Bostan and Manuel Kauers, Automatic Classification of Restricted Lattice Walks, arXiv:0811.2899 [math.CO], 2008.
Mireille Bousquet-Mélou and Marni Mishna, Walks with small steps in the quarter plane, arXiv:0810.4387 [math.CO], 2008-2009.
Steve Butler et al., Paperclip graphs, see p. 10.
Robert Cori, Serge Dulucq and Gérard Viennot, Shuffle of parenthesis systems and Baxter permutations, J. Combin. Theory, Series A, Vol. 43, No. 1 (1986), pp. 1-22.
Serge Dulucq and Olivier Guibert, Baxter permutations, Discrete Math., Vol. 180, No. 1-3 (1998), pp. 143--156. MR1603713 (99c:05004). See Th. 6.
Dominique Gouyou-Beauchamps, Chemins sous-diagonaux et tableaux de Young, pp. 112-125 of "Combinatoire Enumerative (Montreal 1985)", Lect. Notes Math. 1234, Springer, 1986. (Annotated scanned copy)
Dominique Gouyou-Beauchamps, Standard Young tableaux of height 4 and 5, Europ. J. Combinatorics, Vol. 10, No. 1 (1989), pp. 69-82.
Dominique Gouyou-Beauchamps, Chemins sous-diagonaux et tableaux de Young, pp. 112-125 of "Combinatoire Enumerative (Montreal 1985)", Lect. Notes Math. 1234, 1986, p. 118 Corr. a).
Richard K. Guy, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, May 1990.
Richard K. Guy, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane with attachment, Jun. 1991.
Richard K. Guy, Catwalks, sandsteps and Pascal pyramids, J. Integer Sequences, Vol. 3 (2000), Article 00.1.6.
Kiran S. Kedlaya and Andrew V. Sutherland, Hyperelliptic curves, L-polynomials and random matrices, arXiv:0803.4462 [math.NT], 2008-2010.
Gilles Lachaud, On the distribution of the trace in the unitary symplectic group and the distribution of Frobenius, arXiv preprint arXiv:1506.06482 [math.AG], 2015.
Cécilia Lancien, Patrick Oliveira Santos, and Pierre Youssef, Central Limit Theorem for tensor products of free variables, arXiv:2404.19662 [math.PR], 2024. See p. 7.
James Mallos, A 6-Letter 'DNA' for Baskets with Handles, Mathematics, Vol. 7, No. 2 (2019), Article 165.
Ronald C. Mullin, On the average activity of a spanning tree of a rooted map, J. Combin. Theory, Vol. 3, No. 2 (1967), pp. 103-121.
Ronald C. Mullin, On the average activity of a spanning tree of a rooted map, J. Combin. Theory, Vol. 3, No. 2 (1967), pp. 103-121. [Annotated scanned copy]
Liviu I. Nicolaescu, Counting Morse functions on the 2-sphere, arXiv:math/0512496 [math.GT], 2005-2006.
Justin Offutt, Automatic Bounds on Constant Term Sequences Modulo Primes, arXiv:2504.19031 [math.NT], 2025. See p. 2.
Dov Tamari, Monoïdes préordonnés et chaînes de Malcev, Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France, Volume 82 (1954), pp. 53-96. See end of Appendix II.
Timothy R. S. Walsh and Alfred B. Lehman, Counting rooted maps by genus. III: Nonseparable maps, J. Combinatorial Theory, Ser. B, Vol. 18, No. 3 (1975), pp. 222-259: the number of parenthesis-bracket systems with n pairs.

Cf. A000108, A000356, A005817.

Cf. A004304, A168450, A168451, A168452. - Paul D. Hanna, Nov 26 2009

List([0..21],n->Binomial(2*n,n)*Binomial(2*(n+1),n+1)/((n+1)*(n+2))); # Muniru A Asiru, Dec 13 2018

[Catalan(n)*Catalan(n+1): n in [0..21]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Feb 06 2020

A000108:=n->binomial(2*n,n)/(n+1):
seq(A000108(n)*A000108(n+1),n=0..21); # Emeric Deutsch, Mar 05 2007

f[n_] := CatalanNumber[n] CatalanNumber[n + 1] (* Or *) (4n + 2) Binomial[2 n, n]^2/(n^3 + 4n^2 +5n + 2) (* Or *) (2 n)! (2 + 2 n)!/(n! ((1 + n)!)^2 (2 + n)!); Array[f, 22, 0] (* Robert G. Wilson v *)
Times@@@Partition[CatalanNumber[Range[0,30]],2,1] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 23 2012 *)

(alias(C,binomial));a(n)=(C(2*n,n)-C(2*n,n-1))*(C(2*n+2,n+1)-C(2*n+2,n)) /* Michael Somos, Jun 22 2005 */

[catalan_number(i)*catalan_number(i+1) for i in range(0,22)] # Zerinvary Lajos, May 17 2009

a(n) = binomial(2*n,n)*binomial(2*n+2,n+1)/((n+1)(n+2)).
a(n) = 2*(2*n+1)*binomial(2*n,n)^2/((n+2)(n+1)^2).
D-finite with recurrence (n+2)*(n+1)*a(n) = 4*(2*n-1)*(2*n+1)*a(n-1). - Corrected R. J. Mathar, Feb 05 2020
G.f. in Maple notation: (1/2)/x+1/768/(x^2*Pi)*((32-512*x)*EllipticK(4*x^(1/2))+(-32-512*x)*EllipticE(4*x^(1/2))). - Karol A. Penson, Oct 24 2003
G.f.: 3F2( (1, 1/2, 3/2); (2, 3))(16*x) = (1 - 2F1((-1/2, 1/2); (2))( 16*x))/(2*x). - Olivier Gérard Feb 16 2011
G.f.: (1/(6*x))*(3+(16*x-1)*(2*hypergeom([1/2, 1/2],[1],16*x) + (16*x+1)*hypergeom([3/2, 3/2],[2],16*x))). - Mark van Hoeij, Nov 02 2009
G.f.: (1-hypergeom([-1/2,1/2],[2],16*x))/(2*x). - Mark van Hoeij, Aug 14 2014
E.g.f.: (1/3)*(8*x^2*BesselI(0, 2*x)^2 - 4*BesselI(0, 2*x)*BesselI(1, 2*x)*x - BesselI(1, 2*x)^2 - 8*BesselI(1, 2*x)^2*x^2)/x. - Vladeta Jovovic, Dec 29 2003
E.g.f. Sum_{n>=0} a(n)*x^(2n)/(2n)! = BesselI(1, 2x)^2/x^2. - Michael Somos, Jun 22 2005
From Paul D. Hanna, Nov 26 2009: (Start)
G.f.: A(x) = [(1/x)*Series_Reversion(x/F(x)^2)]^(1/2) where F(x) = g.f. of A004304, where A004304(n) is the number of nonseparable planar tree-rooted maps with n edges.
G.f.: A(x) = F(x*A(x)^2) where A(x/F(x)^2) = F(x) where F(x) = g.f. of A004304.
G.f.: A(x) = G(x*A(x)) where A(x/G(x)) = G(x) where G(x) = g.f. of A168450.
G.f.: A(x) = (1/x)*Series_Reversion(x/G(x)) where G(x) = g.f. of A168450.
Self-convolution yields A168452.
(End)
Representation of a(n) as the n-th power moment of a positive function on the segment [0,16]; in Mathematica notation, a(n) = NIntegrate[x^n*(8 ((1+x/16)*EllipticE[1-x/16]-1/8*x*EllipticK[1-x/16]))/(3*(Pi^2)*Sqrt[x]),{x,0,16}]. This solution of the Hausdorff power moment problem is unique. - Karol A. Penson, Oct 05 2011
G.f. y=A(x) satisfies: 0 = x^2*(16*x-1)*y''' + 6*x*(16*x-1)*y'' + 6*(18*x-1)*y' + 12*y. - Gheorghe Coserea, Jun 14 2018
Sum_{n>=0} a(n)/4^(2*n+1) = 2 - 16/(3*Pi). - Amiram Eldar, Apr 02 2022

More terms from Emeric Deutsch, Feb 20 2004
More terms from Manuel Kauers, Nov 18 2008
Two hypergeometric g.f.s, van Hoeij's formula checked and formula field edited by Olivier Gérard, Feb 16 2011

A000309 Number of rooted planar bridgeless cubic maps with 2n nodes.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 4, 24, 176, 1456, 13056, 124032, 1230592, 12629760, 133186560, 1436098560, 15774990336, 176028860416, 1990947110912, 22783499599872, 263411369705472, 3073132646563840, 36143187370967040, 428157758086840320, 5105072641718353920, 61228492804372561920

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane and Robert G. Wilson v

Also counts rooted planar non-separable triangulations with 3n edges. - Valery A. Liskovets, Dec 01 2003
Equivalently, rooted planar loopless triangulations with 2n triangles. - Noam Zeilberger, Oct 06 2016
Description trees of type (2,2) with n edges. (A description tree of type (a,b) is a rooted plane tree where every internal node is labeled by an integer between a and [b + sum of labels of its children], every leaf is labeled a, and the root is labeled [b + sum of labels of its children]. See Definition 1 and Section 5.2 of Cori and Schaeffer 2003.) - Noam Zeilberger, Oct 08 2017
The September 2018 talk by Noam Zeilberger (see link to video) connects three topics (planar maps, Tamari lattices, lambda calculus) and eight sequences: A000168, A000260, A000309, A000698, A000699, A002005, A062980, A267827. - N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 17 2018

C. F. Earl and L. J. March, Architectural applications of graph theory, pp. 327-355 of R. J. Wilson and L. W. Beineke, editors, Applications of Graph Theory. Academic Press, NY, 1979.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..100
Marie Albenque, Dominique Poulalhon, A Generic Method for Bijections between Blossoming Trees and Planar Maps, Electron. J. Combin., 22 (2015), #P2.38.
Dario Benedetti, Sylvain Carrozza, Reiko Toriumi, Guillaume Valette, Multiple scaling limits of U(N)^2 X O(D) multi-matrix models, arXiv:2003.02100 [math-ph], 2020.
Olivier Bernardi, Bijective counting of Kreweras walks and loopless triangulations, Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A 114:5 (2007), 931-956.
Junliang Cai, Yanpei Liu, The enumeration of rooted nonseparable nearly cubic maps, Discrete Math. 207 (1999), no. 1-3, 9--24. MR1710479 (2000g:05074). See (31).
Robert Cori and Gilles Schaeffer, Description trees and Tutte formulas, Theoretical Computer Science 292:1 (2003), 165-183.
S. Dulucq and O. Guibert, Stack words, standard tableaux and Baxter permutations, Disc. Math. 157 (1996), 91-106.
C. F. Earl and L. J. March, Architectural applications of graph theory, pp. 327-355 of R. J. Wilson and L. W. Beineke, editors, Applications of Graph Theory. Academic Press, NY, 1979. (Annotated scanned copy)
Hsien-Kuei Hwang, Mihyun Kang, Guan-Huei Duh, Asymptotic Expansions for Sub-Critical Lagrangean Forms, LIPIcs Proceedings of Analysis of Algorithms 2018, Vol. 110. Schloss Dagstuhl-Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2018.
R. C. Mullin, On counting rooted triangular maps, Canad. J. Math., v.17 (1965), 373-382.
Elena Patyukova, Taylor Rottreau, Robert Evans, Paul D. Topham, Martin J. Greenall, Hydrogen Bonding Aggregation in Acrylamide: Theory and Experiment, Macromolecules (2018) Vol. 51, No. 18, 7032-7043. Also arXiv:1805.09878 [math.CA], 2018.
W. T. Tutte, A census of Hamiltonian polygons, Canad. J. Math., 14 (1962), 402-417.
W. T. Tutte, On the enumeration of four-colored maps, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 17 (1969), 454-460.
Noam Zeilberger, A theory of linear typings as flows on 3-valent graphs, arXiv:1804.10540 [cs.LO], 2018.
Noam Zeilberger, A Sequent Calculus for a Semi-Associative Law, arXiv:1803.10080 [math.LO], March 2018 (A revised version of a 2017 conference paper)
Noam Zeilberger, A proof-theoretic analysis of the rotation lattice of binary trees, Part 1 (video), Part 2, Rutgers Experimental Math Seminar, Sep 13 2018.
Jian Zhou, Fat and Thin Emergent Geometries of Hermitian One-Matrix Models, arXiv:1810.03883 [math-ph], 2018.

Sequences mentioned in the Noam Zeilberger 2018 video: A000168, A000260, A000309, A000698, A000699, A002005, A062980, A267827.

Cf. A000139, A000264, A000356, A002005, A006335, A358091.

List([0..20], n -> 2^(n+1)*Factorial(3*n)/(Factorial(n)* Factorial(2*n+2))); # G. C. Greubel, Nov 29 2018

[2^(n+1)*Factorial(3*n)/(Factorial(n)*Factorial(2*n+2)): n in [0..20]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Aug 10 2014

a := n -> 2^(n+1)*(3*n)!/(n!*(2*n+2)!);
A000309 := n -> -(-2)^(n-1)*(3*n+2)*hypergeom([-3*(n+1),-n,-n+1/3], [-n-1,-n-2/3], 1): seq(simplify(A000309(n)), n = 0..21); # Peter Luschny, Oct 28 2022

f[n_] := 2^n(3n)!/((n + 1)!(2n + 1)!); Table[f[n], {n, 0, 19}] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 21 2004 *)
Join[{1},RecurrenceTable[{a[1]==1,a[n]==4a[n-1] Binomial[3n,3]/ Binomial[2n+2,3]}, a[n],{n,20}]] (* Harvey P. Dale, May 11 2011 *)

a(n) = 2^(n+1)*(3*n)!/(n!*(2*n+2)!); \\ Michel Marcus, Aug 09 2014

[2^n*factorial(3*n)/(factorial(n+1)*factorial(2*n+1))for n in range(20)] # G. C. Greubel Nov 29 2018

a(n) = 2^(n-1) * A000139(n) for n > 0.
a(n) = 4*a(n-1)*binomial(3*n, 3) / binomial(2*n+2, 3).
a(n) = 2^n*(3*n)!/ ( (n+1)!*(2*n+1)! ).
G.f.: (1/(6*x)) * (hypergeom([ -2/3, -1/3],[1/2],(27/2)*x)-1). - Mark van Hoeij, Nov 02 2009
a(n) ~ 3^(3*n+1/2)/(sqrt(Pi)*2^(n+2)*n^(5/2)). - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Oct 06 2016
D-finite with recurrence (n+1)*(2*n+1)*a(n) -3*(3*n-1)*(3*n-2)*a(n-1)=0. - R. J. Mathar, Nov 02 2018
a(n) = -(-2)^(n-1)*(3*n+2)*hypergeom([-3*(n+1),-n,-n+1/3], [-n-1,-n-2/3], 1). The a(n) are values of the polynomials A358091. - Peter Luschny, Oct 28 2022
From Karol A. Penson, Feb 24 2025: (Start)
G.f.: hypergeom([1/3, 2/3, 1], [3/2, 2], (27*z)/2).
G.f. A(z) satisfies: - 1 + 27*z + (-36*z + 1)*A(z) + 8*z*A(z)^2 + 16*z^2*A(z)^3 = 0.
G.f.: ((4*sqrt(4 - 54*z) + 12*i*sqrt(6)*sqrt(z))^(1/3)*(sqrt(z*(4 - 54*z)) - 9*i*sqrt(6)*z) + (4*sqrt(4 - 54*z) - 12*i*sqrt(6)*sqrt(z))^(1/3)*(9*i*sqrt(6)*z + sqrt(z*(4 - 54*z))) - 8*sqrt(z))/(48*z^(3/2)), where i = sqrt(-1) is the imaginary unit.
a(n) = Integral_{x=0..27/2} x^n*W(x), where W(x) = (6^(1/3)*(9 + sqrt(81 - 6*x))^(2/3)*(9*sqrt(3) - sqrt(27 - 2*x)) - 2^(2/3)*3^(1/6)*(27 + sqrt(81 - 6*x))*x^(1/3))/(48*Pi*(9 + sqrt(81 - 6*x))^(1/3)*x^(2/3)).
This integral representation is unique as W(x) is the solution of the Hausdorff power moment problem for x on (0, 27/2). Using only the definition of a(n), W(x) can be proven to be positive. W(x) is singular at x = 0, with singularity x^(-2/3), and for x > 0 is monotonically decreasing to zero at x = 27/2. (End)

Definition clarified by Michael Albert, Oct 24 2008

A073165 Triangle T(n,k) read by rows: related to David G. Cantor's sigma function.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3, 4, 1, 1, 4, 10, 8, 1, 1, 5, 20, 35, 16, 1, 1, 6, 35, 112, 126, 32, 1, 1, 7, 56, 294, 672, 462, 64, 1, 1, 8, 84, 672, 2772, 4224, 1716, 128, 1, 1, 9, 120, 1386, 9504, 28314, 27456, 6435, 256, 1, 1, 10, 165, 2640, 28314, 151008, 306735, 183040, 24310, 512, 1

Offset: 0

Michael Somos, Jul 24 2002

Square array T(n+k,k) read by antidiagonals: number of stars of length k with n branches.

Row n of T(n+k,k) has g.f. (floor(n/2)+1)F(floor(n/2))(1,3/2,5/2,...,(2*floor(n/2)+1)/2;n,n-1,...,n-floor(n/2)+1;2^n*x) (conjecture). [Paul Barry, Jan 23 2009]

			Triangle rows:
  1;
  1, 1;
  1, 2,  1;
  1, 3,  4,   1;
  1, 4, 10,   8,    1;
  1, 5, 20,  35,   16,    1;
  1, 6, 35, 112,  126,   32,    1;
  1, 7, 56, 294,  672,  462,   64,   1;
  1, 8, 84, 672, 2772, 4224, 1716, 128, 1;

Seiichi Manyama, Rows n = 0..139, flattened
D. G. Cantor, On the analogue of the division polynomials for hyperelliptic curves, J. Reine Angew. Math. (Crelle's J.) 447 (1994), pp. 91-145.
C. Krattenthaler, A. J. Guttmann and X. G. Viennot, Vicious walkers, friendly walkers and Young tableaux, II: with a wall, arXiv:cond-mat/0006367 [cond-mat.stat-mech], 2000.

Square array has main diagonal A049505, columns include A001700, A003645, A000356.

Cf. A133112.

t[n_, k_] := Product[ (n-k+i+j-1) / (i+j-1), {j, 1, k}, {i, 1, j}]; Flatten[ Table[t[n, k], {n, 0, 10}, {k, 0, n}]] (* Jean-François Alcover, May 23 2012, after PARI *)

{T(n, k) = if( k<0 || k>n, 0, prod( i=1, (k+1)\2, binomial(n + 2*i - 1 - k%2, 4*i - 1 - k%2*2)) / prod( i=0, (k-1)\2, binomial(2*k - 2*i - 1, 2*i)))}

{T(n, k) = if( k<0 || n<0, 0, prod( j=1, k, prod( i=1, j, (n - k + i + j - 1) / (i + j - 1) )))} /* Michael Somos, Oct 16 2006 */

T(n, k) * T(n-2, k-1) - 2 * T(n-1, k-1) * T(n-1, k) + T(n, k-1) * T(n-2, k) = 0.

T(n+k, k) = Product_{1<=i<=j<=k} (n+i+j-1)/(i+j-1). - Ralf Stephan, Mar 02 2005

Edited by Ralf Stephan, Mar 02 2005

A102539 Square array T(n,k) read by antidiagonals: T(n,k) = Product_{1<=i<=j<=k} (n+i+j-1)/(i+j-1).

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 3, 4, 4, 10, 8, 5, 20, 35, 16, 6, 35, 112, 126, 32, 7, 56, 294, 672, 462, 64, 8, 84, 672, 2772, 4224, 1716, 128, 9, 120, 1386, 9504, 28314, 27456, 6435, 256, 10, 165, 2640, 28314, 151008, 306735, 183040, 24310, 512, 11, 220, 4719, 75504, 674817

Offset: 1

Ralf Stephan, Jan 14 2005

Number of semistandard Young tableaux with at most n columns and with entries in [k].

T(n,k) is the number of k X k symmetric matrices with entries in 0..n with each row (and column) in nondecreasing order. - R. H. Hardin, Jul 08 2008

			Square array T(n,k) begins:
  2,  4,    8,    16,     32,       64, ...
  3, 10,   35,   126,    462,     1716, ...
  4, 20,  112,   672,   4224,    27456, ...
  5, 35,  294,  2772,  28314,   306735, ...
  6, 56,  672,  9504, 151008,  2617472, ...
  7, 84, 1386, 28314, 674817, 18076916, ...
  ...

M. Lederer, A determinant-like formula for the Kostka numbers

Rows include A000079, A001700, A003645, A000356.

Main diagonal is A049505.

T[n_, k_] := Product[(n + i + j - 1)/(i + j - 1), {i, 1, k}, {j, i, k}];
Table[T[n - k + 1, k], {n, 1, 10}, {k, 1, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Nov 06 2018 *)

It appears that T is identical to the reflected triangle A073165, i.e. T(n, k) = Prod[i=1..floor((k+1)/2), C(n+k+2i-1-(k mod 2), 4i-1-2(k mod 2))] / Prod[i=0..floor((k-1)/2), C(2k-2i-1, 2i)].

A000264 Number of 3-edge-connected rooted cubic maps with 2n nodes and a distinguished Hamiltonian cycle.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 3, 14, 80, 518, 3647, 27274, 213480, 1731652, 14455408, 123552488, 1077096124, 9548805240, 85884971043, 782242251522, 7203683481720, 66989439309452, 628399635777936, 5940930064989720, 56562734108608536

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..200
L. B. Richmond, On Hamiltonian polygons, J. Combinatorial Theory Ser. B 21 (1976), no. 1, 81--87. MR0432491 (55 #5479) [See v_n].
W. T. Tutte, A census of Hamiltonian polygons, Canad. J. Math., 14 (1962), 402-417.

Cf. A000309, A000356, A004304.

max = 21; b[n_] := (2n)!*(2n + 2)!/(2*n!*(n + 1)!^2*(n + 2)!); b[0] = 0; bf[x_] := Sum[b[n]*x^n, {n, 0, max}]; Clear[a]; a[0] = 0; a[1] = a[2] = 1; af[x_] := Sum[a[n]*x^n, {n, 0, max}]; se = Series[bf[x] - af[x*(1 + 2*bf[x])^2], {x, 0, max}] // Normal; Table[a[n], {n, 1, max}] /. SolveAlways[se == 0, x] // First (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 31 2013, after Sean A. Irvine *)

Let b(n)=(2n)!*(2n+2)!/(2*n!*(n+1)!^2*(n+2)!). Let B(x) be the generating function producing b(n), and A(x) be the generating function producing a(n). Then these sequences satisfy the functional equation B(x)=A(x(1+2*B(x))^2). - Sean A. Irvine, Apr 05 2010

Better definition from Michael Albert, Oct 24 2008

More terms from Sean A. Irvine, Apr 05 2010

A028475 Total number of Hamiltonian cycles avoiding the root-edge in rooted cubic bipartite planar maps with 2n nodes.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 20, 114, 712, 4760, 33532, 246146, 1867556, 14557064, 116038672, 942597638, 7781117632, 65131605840, 551825148660, 4725380142050, 40848069782932, 356094155836640, 3127831256055624, 27662285924478844, 246164019830290392, 2203001550262470312, 19817596934324929372

Offset: 1

Valery A. Liskovets, Apr 29 2002

An algorithm for calculating these numbers is known. 2*a(n) can be interpreted as the number of pairs of non-intersecting arch configurations (over and under a straight line) connecting 2n points in the line, where all points are marked + and - alternately, every point belongs to a unique arch and the ends of every arch have different signs.

			n=2. There are 3 rooted cubic bipartite planar maps with 4 nodes: a quadrangular with two non-adjacent edges doubled (parallel), where one vertex and any of the edges incident to it are taken as the root. No Hamiltonian cycle can avoid the sole edge incident to the root-vertex. For the other two rootings, there are 4 root-edge avoiding Hamiltonian cycles. So a(2)=4.

Olivier Golinelli, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..34
E. Guitter, C. Kristjansen and J. L. Nielsen, Hamiltonian cycles on random Eulerian triangulations, arXiv:cond-mat/9811289 [cond-mat.stat-mech], 1998; Nucl.Phys. B546 (1999), No.3, 731-750.
James A. Sellers, Domino Tilings and Products of Fibonacci and Pell Numbers, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 5 (2002), Article 02.1.2.

Cf. A000356, A003122, A007084, A116456.

a(n) = A116456(n) / 2. - Sean A. Irvine, Feb 01 2020

a(21)-a(32) from Cyril Banderier, Nov 06 2022

cp's OEIS Frontend

A097872 Numerator of J(n) = A000356(n)/A000309(n) (average number of 4-colorings of rank 0 in a rooted nonseparable map which is trivalent and has 2n nodes).

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A097875 Denominator of J(n) = A000356(n)/A000309(n) (average number of 4-colorings of rank 0 in a rooted nonseparable map which is trivalent and has 2n nodes).

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A000891 a(n) = (2*n)!*(2*n+1)! / (n! * (n+1)!)^2.

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A001246 Squares of Catalan numbers.

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A005568 Product of two successive Catalan numbers C(n)*C(n+1).

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A000309 Number of rooted planar bridgeless cubic maps with 2n nodes.

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A000891 a(n) = (2n)!(2n+1)! / (n! (n+1)!)^2.