A126086 -id:A126086 - cp's OEIS frontend

A137219 a(n) = (A126086(n) - 3*A001850(n) + 2)/6.

1, 62, 2649, 116360, 5364701, 256452714, 12582472897, 629389744448, 31955247002601, 1641724953315062, 85159811841234857, 4452782349569991736, 234393562418967430389, 12409423916979629786322, 660253088667210584565249

Offset: 1

Vladeta Jovovic, Mar 06 2008, Mar 16 2008

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..500

Cf. A001850, A047665, A126086, A137220.

A126086 := proc(n) local x,y,z ; coeftayl(coeftayl(coeftayl(1/(1-x-y-z-x*y-x*z-y*z-x*y*z),z=0,n),y=0,n),x=0,n) ; end: A001850 := proc(n) local k ; add(binomial(n,k)*binomial(n+k,k),k=0..n) ; end: A137219 := proc(n) (A126086(n)-3*A001850(n)+2)/6 ; end: seq(A137219(n),n=1..30) ; # R. J. Mathar, Apr 01 2008

A126086[n_]:= A126086[n]= Sum[(-1)^k*Binomial[n+k,n]*HypergeometricPFQ[{-k, n+1, n+1}, {1,1}, 1], {k,0,2*n}];
A001850[n_]:= Hypergeometric2F1[-n, n+1, 1, -1];
A137219[n_]:= (A126086[n] - 3*A001850[n] + 2)/6;
Table[A137219[n], {n, 30}] (* G. C. Greubel, Jan 05 2022 *)

def A137219(n): return round( sum( binomial(binomial(j, n), 3)/2^(j+1) for j in (0..1000) ) )
[A137219(n) for n in (1..30)] # G. C. Greubel, Jan 05 2022

a(n) = Sum_{m >= 0} binomial(binomial(m, n), 3)/2^(m+1).

More terms from R. J. Mathar, Apr 01 2008

A137220 a(n) = (A126086(n) + 3*A001850(n) + 2)/6.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 75, 2712, 116681, 5366384, 256461703, 12582521536, 629390010177, 31955248465164, 1641724961412515, 85159811886281576, 4452782349821587705, 234393562420377364008, 12409423916987553634575, 660253088667255226947072

Offset: 0

Vladeta Jovovic, Mar 06 2008, Mar 16 2008

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200

Column k=3 of A330942.

Cf. A047665, A137219.

A126086 := proc(n) local x,y,z ; coeftayl(coeftayl(coeftayl(1/(1-x-y-z-x*y-x*z-y*z-x*y*z),z=0,n),y=0,n),x=0,n) ; end: A001850 := proc(n) local k ; add(binomial(n,k)*binomial(n+k,k),k=0..n) ; end: A137220 := proc(n) (A126086(n)+3*A001850(n)+2)/6 ; end: seq(A137220(n),n=0..30) ; # R. J. Mathar, Apr 01 2008

T[n_, k_] := With[{m = n k}, Sum[Binomial[Binomial[j, n] + k - 1, k] Sum[ (-1)^(i - j) Binomial[i, j], {i, j, m}], {j, 0, m}]];
Table[T[n, 3], {n, 0, 15}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 10 2020, after Andrew Howroyd *)

a(n) = {sum(j=0, 3*n, binomial(binomial(j,n)+2, 3) * sum(i=j, 3*n, (-1)^(i-j)*binomial(i,j)))} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Feb 09 2020

@CachedFunction
def A137220(n): return round( -sum( binomial(-binomial(j, n), 3)/2^(j+1) for j in (0..500) ) )
[A137220(n) for n in (0..30)] # G. C. Greubel, Jan 05 2022

a(n) = -Sum_{m>=0} binomial(-binomial(m,n),3)/2^(m+1).
a(n) = A137219(n) + A001850(n). - R. J. Mathar, Apr 01 2008
a(n) = Sum_{j=0..3*n} binomial(binomial(j,n)+2, 3) * (Sum_{i=j..3*n} (-1)^(i-j)*binomial(i,j)). - Andrew Howroyd, Feb 09 2020

More terms from R. J. Mathar, Apr 01 2008

A001850 Central Delannoy numbers: a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n,k)*C(n+k,k).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 13, 63, 321, 1683, 8989, 48639, 265729, 1462563, 8097453, 45046719, 251595969, 1409933619, 7923848253, 44642381823, 252055236609, 1425834724419, 8079317057869, 45849429914943, 260543813797441, 1482376214227923, 8443414161166173, 48141245001931263

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

Number of paths from (0,0) to (n,n) in an n X n grid using only steps north, northeast and east (i.e., steps (1,0), (1,1), and (0,1)).
Also the number of ways of aligning two sequences (e.g., of nucleotides or amino acids) of length n, with at most 2*n gaps (-) inserted, so that while unnecessary gappings: - -a a- - are forbidden, both b- and -b are allowed. (If only other of the latter is allowed, then the sequence A000984 gives the number of alignments.) There is an easy bijection from grid walks given by Dickau to such set of alignments (e.g., the straight diagonal corresponds to the perfect alignment with no gaps). - Antti Karttunen, Oct 10 2001
Also main diagonal of array A008288 defined by m(i,1) = m(1,j) = 1, m(i,j) = m(i-1,j-1) + m(i-1,j) + m(i,j-1). - Benoit Cloitre, May 03 2002
So, as a special case of Dmitry Zaitsev's Dec 10 2015 comment on A008288, a(n) is the number of points in Z^n that are L1 (Manhattan) distance <= n from any given point. These terms occur in the crystal ball sequences: a(n) here is the n-th term in the sequence for the n-dimensional cubic lattice. See A008288 for a list of crystal ball sequences (rows or columns of A008288). - Shel Kaphan, Dec 26 2022
a(n) is the number of n-matchings of a comb-like graph with 2*n teeth. Example: a(2) = 13 because the graph consisting of a horizontal path ABCD and the teeth Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd has 13 2-matchings: any of the six possible pairs of teeth and {Aa, BC}, {Aa, CD}, {Bb, CD}, {Cc, AB}, {Dd, AB}, {Dd, BC}, {AB, CD}. - Emeric Deutsch, Jul 02 2002
Number of ordered trees with 2*n+1 edges, having root of odd degree, nonroot nodes of outdegree at most 2 and branches of odd length. - Emeric Deutsch, Aug 02 2002
The sum of the first n coefficients of ((1 - x) / (1 - 2*x))^n is a(n-1). - Michael Somos, Sep 28 2003
Row sums of A063007 and A105870. - Paul Barry, Apr 23 2005
The Hankel transform (see A001906 for definition) of this sequence is A036442: 1, 4, 32, 512, 16384, ... . - Philippe Deléham, Jul 03 2005
Also number of paths from (0,0) to (n,0) using only steps U = (1,1), H = (1,0) and D =(1,-1), U can have 2 colors and H can have 3 colors. - N-E. Fahssi, Jan 27 2008
Equals row sums of triangle A152250 and INVERT transform of A109980: (1, 2, 8, 36, 172, 852, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Nov 30 2008
Number of overpartitions in the n X n box (treat a walk of the type in the first comment as an overpartition, by interpreting a NE step as N, E with the part thus created being overlined). - William J. Keith, May 19 2017
Diagonal of rational functions 1/(1 - x - y - x*y), 1/(1 - x - y*z - x*y*z). - Gheorghe Coserea, Jul 03 2018
Dimensions of endomorphism algebras End(R^{(n)}) in the Delannoy category attached to the oligomorphic group of order preserving self-bijections of the real line. - Noah Snyder, Mar 22 2023
a(n) is the number of ways to tile a strip of length n with white squares, black squares, and red dominos, where we must have an equal number of white and black squares. - Greg Dresden and Leo Zhang, Jul 11 2025

			G.f. = 1 + 3*x + 13*x^2 + 63*x^3 + 321*x^4 + 1683*x^5 + 8989*x^6 + ...

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Cf. A008288, bisection of A026003, A027618, A047665, A052141, A084773, A152250, A109980, A000129, A078057, A241023, A243949.
Main diagonal of A064861.
Column k=2 of A262809 and A263159.

seq(add(multinomial(n+k,n-k,k,k),k=0..n),n=0..20); # Zerinvary Lajos, Oct 18 2006
seq(orthopoly[P](n,3), n=0..100); # Robert Israel, Nov 03 2015

f[n_] := Sum[ Binomial[n, k] Binomial[n + k, k], {k, 0, n}]; Array[f, 21, 0] (* Or *)
a[0] = 1; a[1] = 3; a[n_] := a[n] = (3(2 n - 1)a[n - 1] - (n - 1)a[n - 2])/n; Array[a, 21, 0] (* Or *)
CoefficientList[ Series[1/Sqrt[1 - 6x + x^2], {x, 0, 20}], x] (* Robert G. Wilson v *)
Table[LegendreP[n, 3], {n, 0, 22}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 16 2012, from first formula *)
a[n_] := Hypergeometric2F1[-n, n+1, 1, -1]; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 22}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Feb 26 2013 *)
a[ n_] := With[ {m = If[n < 0, -1 - n, n]}, SeriesCoefficient[ (1 - 6 x + x^2)^(-1/2), {x, 0, m}]]; (* Michael Somos, Jun 10 2015 *)

a(n):=coeff(expand((1+3*x+2*x^2)^n),x,n);
makelist(a(n),n,0,12); /* Emanuele Munarini, Mar 02 2011 */

{a(n) = if( n<0, n = -1 - n); polcoeff( 1 / sqrt(1 - 6*x + x^2 + x * O(x^n)), n)}; /* Michael Somos, Sep 23 2006 */

{a(n) = if( n<0, n = -1 - n); subst( pollegendre(n), x, 3)}; /* Michael Somos, Sep 23 2006 */

{a(n) = if( n<0, n = -1 - n); n++; subst( Pol(((1 - x) / (1 - 2*x) + O(x^n))^n), x, 1);} /* Michael Somos, Sep 23 2006 */

a(n)=if(n<0, 0, polcoeff((1+3*x+2*x^2)^n, n)) \\ Paul Barry, Aug 22 2007

/* same as in A092566 but use */
steps=[[1,0], [0,1], [1,1]]; /* Joerg Arndt, Jun 30 2011 */

a(n)=sum(k=0,n,binomial(n,k)*binomial(n+k,k)); \\ Joerg Arndt, May 11 2013

my(x='x+O('x^30)); Vec(1/sqrt(1 - 6*x + x^2)) \\ Altug Alkan, Oct 17 2015

# from Nick Hobson.
def f(a, b):
    if a == 0 or b == 0:
        return 1
    return f(a, b - 1) + f(a - 1, b) + f(a - 1, b - 1)
[f(n, n) for n in range(7)]

from gmpy2 import divexact
A001850 = [1, 3]
for n in range(2,10**3):
    A001850.append(divexact(A001850[-1]*(6*n-3)-(n-1)*A001850[-2],n))
# Chai Wah Wu, Sep 01 2014

a = lambda n: hypergeometric([-n, -n], [1], 2)
[simplify(a(n)) for n in range(23)] # Peter Luschny, Nov 19 2014

a(n) = P_n(3), where P_n is n-th Legendre polynomial.
G.f.: 1 / sqrt(1 - 6*x + x^2).
a(n) = a(n-1) + 2*A002002(n) = Sum_{j} A063007(n, j). - Henry Bottomley, Jul 02 2001
Dominant term in asymptotic expansion is binomial(2*n, n)/2^(1/4)*((sqrt(2) + 1)/2)^(2*n + 1)*(1 + c_1/n + c_2/n^2 + ...). - Michael David Hirschhorn
a(n) = Sum_{i=0..n} (A000079(i)*A008459(n, i)) = Sum_{i=0..n} (2^i * C(n, i)^2). - Antti Karttunen, Oct 10 2001
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n+k, n-k)*C(2*k, k). - Benoit Cloitre, Feb 13 2003
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n, k)^2 * 2^k. - Michael Somos, Oct 08 2003
a(n - 1) = coefficient of x^n in A120588(x)^n if n>=0. - Michael Somos, Apr 11 2012
G.f. of a(n-1) = 1 / (1 - x / (1 - 2*x / (1 - 2*x / (1 - x / (1 - 2*x / (1 - x / ...)))))). - Michael Somos, May 11 2012
INVERT transform is A109980. BINOMIAL transform is A080609. BINOMIAL transform of A006139. PSUM transform is A089165. PSUMSIGN transform is A026933. First backward difference is A110170. - Michael Somos, May 11 2012
E.g.f.: exp(3*x)*BesselI(0, 2*sqrt(2)*x). - Vladeta Jovovic, Mar 21 2004
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(2*n-k, n)*C(n, k). - Paul Barry, Apr 23 2005
a(n) = Sum_{k>=n} binomial(k, n)^2/2^(k+1). - Vladeta Jovovic, Aug 25 2006
a(n) = a(-1 - n) for all n in Z. - Michael Somos, Sep 23 2006
D-finite with recurrence: a(-1) = a(0) = 1; n*a(n) = 3*(2*n-1)*a(n-1) - (n-1)*a(n-2). Eq (4) in T. D. Noe's article in JIS 9 (2006) #06.2.7.
Define general Delannoy numbers by (i,j > 0): d(i,0) = d(0,j) = 1 =: d(0,0) and d(i,j) = d(i-1,j-1) + d(i-2,j-1) + d(i-1,j). Then a(k) = Sum_{j >= 0} d(k,j)^2 + d(k-1,j)^2 = A026933(n)+A026933(n-1). This is a special case of the following formula for general Delannoy numbers: d(k,j) = Sum_{i >= 0, p=0..n} d(p, i) * d(n-p, j-i) + d(p-1, i) * d(n-p-1, j-i-1). - Peter E John, Oct 19 2006
Coefficient of x^n in (1 + 3*x + 2*x^2)^n. - N-E. Fahssi, Jan 11 2008
a(n) = A008288(A046092(n)). - Philippe Deléham, Apr 08 2009
G.f.: 1/(1 - x - 2*x/(1 - x - x/(1 - x - x/(1 - x - x/(1 - ... (continued fraction). - Paul Barry, May 28 2009
G.f.: d/dx log(1/(1 - x*A001003(x))). - Vladimir Kruchinin, Apr 19 2011
G.f.: 1/(2*Q(0) + x - 1) where Q(k) = 1 + k*(1-x) - x - x*(k + 1)*(k + 2)/Q(k+1); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Mar 14 2013
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n,k) * C(n+k,k). - Joerg Arndt, May 11 2013
G.f.: G(0), where G(k) = 1 + x*(6 - x)*(4*k + 1)/(4*k + 2 - 2*x*(6-x)*(2*k + 1)*(4*k + 3)/(x*(6 - x)*(4*k + 3) + 4*(k + 1)/G(k+1))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jun 22 2013
G.f.: 2/G(0), where G(k) = 1 + 1/(1 - x*(6 - x)*(2*k - 1)/(x*(6 - x)*(2*k - 1) + 2*(k + 1)/G(k+1) )); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jul 16 2013
G.f.: G(0)/2, where G(k) = 1 + 1/(1 - x*(6 - x)*(2*k + 1)/(x*(6 - x)*(2*k + 1) + 2*(k + 1)/G(k+1))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jul 17 2013
a(n)^2 = Sum_{k=0..n} 2^k * C(2*k, k)^2 * C(n+k, n-k) = A243949(n). - Paul D. Hanna, Aug 17 2014
a(n) = hypergeom([-n, -n], [1], 2). - Peter Luschny, Nov 19 2014
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n/2} C(n-k,k) * 3^(n-2*k) * 2^k * C(n,k). - Vladimir Kruchinin, Jun 29 2015
a(n) = A049600(n, n-1).
a(n) = Sum_{0 <= j, k <= n} (-1)^(n+j)*C(n,k)*C(n,j)*C(n+k,k)*C(n+k+j,k+j). Cf. A126086 and A274668. - Peter Bala, Jan 15 2020
a(n) ~ c * (3 + 2*sqrt(2))^n / sqrt(n), where c = 1/sqrt(4*Pi*(3*sqrt(2)-4)) = 0.572681... (Banderier and Schwer, 2005). - Amiram Eldar, Jun 07 2020
a(n+1) = 3*a(n) + 2*Sum_{l=1..n} A006318(l)*a(n-l). [Eq. (1.16) in Qi-Shi-Guo (2016)]
a(n) ~ (1 + sqrt(2))^(2*n+1) / (2^(5/4) * sqrt(Pi*n)). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 09 2023
a(n-1) + a(n) = A241023(n) for n >= 1. - Peter Bala, Sep 18 2024
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n+k, 2*k) * C(2*k, k). - Greg Dresden and Leo Zhang, Jul 11 2025

New name and reference Sep 15 1995

Formula and more references from Don Knuth, May 15 1996

A262809 Number A(n,k) of lattice paths from {n}^k to {0}^k using steps that decrement one or more components by one; square array A(n,k), n>=0, k>=0, read by antidiagonals.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 13, 13, 1, 1, 1, 75, 409, 63, 1, 1, 1, 541, 23917, 16081, 321, 1, 1, 1, 4683, 2244361, 10681263, 699121, 1683, 1, 1, 1, 47293, 308682013, 14638956721, 5552351121, 32193253, 8989, 1, 1, 1, 545835, 58514835289, 35941784497263, 117029959485121, 3147728203035, 1538743249, 48639, 1, 1

Offset: 0

Alois P. Heinz, Oct 02 2015

Also, A(n,k) is the number of alignments for k sequences of length n each (Slowinski 1998).
Row r > 0 is asymptotic to sqrt(r*Pi) * (r^(r-1)/(r-1)!)^n * n^(r*n+1/2) / (2^(r/2) * exp(r*n) * (log(2))^(r*n+1)), or equivalently to sqrt(r) * (r^(r-1)/(r-1)!)^n * (n!)^r / (2^r * (Pi*n)^((r-1)/2) * (log(2))^(r*n+1)). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 23 2016
From Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 23 2016: (Start)
Column k > 0 is asymptotic to sqrt(c(k)) * d(k)^n / (Pi*n)^((k-1)/2), where c(k) and d(k) are roots of polynomial equations of degree k, independent on n.
---------------------------------------------------
k               d(k)
---------------------------------------------------
2              5.8284271247461900976033774484193...
3             56.9476283720414911685286267804411...
4            780.2794068067951456595241495989622...
5          13755.2719024115081712083954421541320...
6         296476.9162644200814909862281498491264...
7        7553550.6198338218721069097516499501996...
8      222082591.6017202421029000117685530884167...
9     7400694480.0494436216324852038000444393262...
10  275651917450.6709238286995776605620357737005...
---------------------------------------------------
d(k) is a root of polynomial:
---------------------------------------------------
k=2, 1 - 6*d + d^2
k=3, -1 + 3*d - 57*d^2 + d^3
k=4, 1 - 12*d - 218*d^2 - 780*d^3 + d^4
k=5, -1 + 5*d - 1260*d^2 - 3740*d^3 - 13755*d^4 + d^5
k=6, 1 - 18*d - 5397*d^2 - 123696*d^3 + 321303*d^4 - 296478*d^5 + d^6
k=7, -1 + 7*d - 24031*d^2 - 374521*d^3 - 24850385*d^4 + 17978709*d^5 - 7553553*d^6 + d^7
k=8, 1 - 24*d - 102692*d^2 - 9298344*d^3 + 536208070*d^4 - 7106080680*d^5 - 1688209700*d^6 - 222082584*d^7 + d^8
(End)
d(k) = (2^(1/k) - 1)^(-k). - David Bevan, Apr 07 2022
d(k) is asymptotic to (k/log(2))^k/sqrt(2). - David Bevan, Apr 07 2022
A(n,k) is the number of binary matrices with k columns and any number of nonzero rows with n ones in every column. - Andrew Howroyd, Jan 23 2020

			A(2,2) = 13: [(2,2),(1,2),(0,2),(0,1),(0,0)], [(2,2),(1,2),(0,1),(0,0)], [(2,2),(1,2),(1,1),(0,1),(0,0)], [(2,2),(1,2),(1,1),(0,0)], [(2,2),(1,2),(1,1),(1,0),(0,0)], [(2,2),(2,1),(1,1),(0,1),(0,0)], [(2,2),(2,1),(1,1),(0,0)], [(2,2),(2,1),(1,1),(1,0),(0,0)], [(2,2),(2,1),(2,0),(0,1),(0,0)], [(2,2),(2,1),(1,0),(0,0)], [(2,2),(1,1),(0,1),(0,0)], [(2,2),(1,1),(0,0)], [(2,2),(1,1),(1,0),(0,0)].
Square array A(n,k) begins:
  1, 1,    1,        1,             1,                   1, ...
  1, 1,    3,       13,            75,                 541, ...
  1, 1,   13,      409,         23917,             2244361, ...
  1, 1,   63,    16081,      10681263,         14638956721, ...
  1, 1,  321,   699121,    5552351121,     117029959485121, ...
  1, 1, 1683, 32193253, 3147728203035, 1050740615666453461, ...

Alois P. Heinz, Antidiagonals n = 0..48, flattened
J. B. Slowinski, The Number of Multiple Alignments, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 10:2 (1998), 264-266. doi:10.1006/mpev.1998.0522

Columns: A000012 (k=0 and k=1), A001850 (k=2), A126086 (k=3), A263064 (k=4), A263065 (k=5), A263066 (k=6), A263067 (k=7), A263068 (k=8), A263069 (k=9), A263070 (k=10).
Rows: A000012 (n=0), A000670 (n=1), A055203 (n=2), A062208 (n=3), A062205 (n=4), A263061 (n=5), A263062 (n=6), A062204 (n=7), A263063 (n=8), A263071 (n=9), A263072 (n=10).
Main diagonal: A262810.
Cf. A210472, A225094, A227578, A227655, A229142, A229345, A263159, A316674.
Cf. A188392, A330942, A331461, A331637.

A:= (n, k)-> add(add((-1)^i*binomial(j, i)*
     binomial(j-i, n)^k, i=0..j), j=0..k*n):
seq(seq(A(n, d-n), n=0..d), d=0..10);

A[, 0] =  1; A[n, k_] := Sum[Sum[(-1)^i*Binomial[j, i]*Binomial[j - i, n]^k, {i, 0, j}], {j, 0, k*n}];
Table[Table[A[n, d - n], {n, 0, d}], {d, 0, 10}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 22 2016, after Alois P. Heinz *)

T(n,k) = {my(m=n*k); sum(j=0, m, binomial(j,n)^k*sum(i=j, m, (-1)^(i-j)*binomial(i, j)))} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Jan 23 2020

A(n,k) = Sum_{j=0..k*n} Sum_{i=0..j} (-1)^i*C(j,i)*C(j-i,n)^k.
A(n,k) = Sum_{i >= 0} binomial(i,n)^k/2^(i+1). - Peter Bala, Jan 30 2018
A(n,k) = Sum_{j=0..n*k} binomial(j,n)^k * Sum_{i=j..n*k} (-1)^(i-j) * binomial(i,j). - Andrew Howroyd, Jan 23 2020

A062208 a(n) = Sum_{m>=0} binomial(m,3)^n*2^(-m-1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 63, 16081, 10681263, 14638956721, 35941784497263, 143743469278461361, 874531783382503604463, 7687300579969605991710001, 93777824804632275267836362863, 1537173608464960118370398000894641, 32970915649974341628739088902163732463

Offset: 0

Angelo Dalli, Jun 13 2001

Number of alignments of n strings of length 3.

Conjectures: a(2*n) = 3 (mod 60) and a(2*n+1) = 1 (mod 60); for fixed k, the sequence a(n) (mod k) eventually becomes periodic with exact period a divisor of phi(k), where phi(k) is Euler's totient function A000010. - Peter Bala, Feb 04 2018

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..100
J. B. Slowinski, The Number of Multiple Alignments, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 10:2 (1998), 264-266. doi:10.1006/mpev.1998.0522

Cf. A000670, A055203, A001850, A126086.
See A062204 for further references, formulas and comments.
Cf. A001850, A062204, A062205, A299041.
Row n=3 of A262809.

A000629 := proc(n) local k ; sum( k^n/2^k,k=0..infinity) ; end: A062208 := proc(n) local a,stir,ni,n1,n2,n3,stir2,i,j,tmp ; a := 0 ; if n = 0 then RETURN(1) ; fi ; stir := combinat[partition](n) ; stir2 := {} ; for i in stir do if nops(i) <= 3 then tmp := i ; while nops(tmp) < 3 do tmp := [op(tmp),0] ; od: tmp := combinat[permute](tmp) ; for j in tmp do stir2 := stir2 union { j } ; od: fi ; od: for ni in stir2 do n1 := op(1,ni) ; n2 := op(2,ni) ; n3 := op(3,ni) ; a := a+combinat[multinomial](n,n1,n2,n3)*(A000629(3*n1+2*n2+n3)-1/2-2^(3*n1+2*n2+n3)/4)*(-3)^n2*2^n3 ; od: a/(2*6^n) ; end: seq(A062208(n),n=0..14) ; # R. J. Mathar, Apr 01 2008
a:=proc(n) options operator, arrow: sum(binomial(m, 3)^n*2^(-m-1),m=0.. infinity) end proc: seq(a(n),n=0..12); # Emeric Deutsch, Mar 22 2008

a[n_] = Sum[2^(-1-m)*((m-2)*(m-1)*m)^n, {m, 0, Infinity}]/6^n; a /@ Range[0, 12] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 13 2011 *)
With[{r = 3}, Flatten[{1, Table[Sum[Sum[(-1)^i*Binomial[j, i]*Binomial[j - i, r]^k, {i, 0, j}], {j, 0, k*r}], {k, 1, 15}]}]] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 22 2016 *)

From Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 22 2016: (Start)
a(n) ~ 3^(2*n + 1/2) * n!^3 / (Pi * n * 2^(n+3) * (log(2))^(3*n+1)).
a(n) ~ sqrt(Pi)*3^(2*n+1/2)*n^(3*n+1/2) / (2^(n+3/2)*exp(3*n)*(log(2))^(3*n+1)).
(End)
a(n) = Sum_{k = 3..3*n} Sum_{i = 0..k} (-1)^(k-i)*binomial(k,i)* binomial(i,3)^n. Row sums of A299041. - Peter Bala, Feb 04 2018

New definition from Vladeta Jovovic, Mar 01 2008

Edited by N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 19 2009 at the suggestion of Max Alekseyev

A262704 Triangle: Newton expansion of C(n,m)^3, read by rows.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 0, 6, 1, 0, 6, 24, 1, 0, 0, 114, 60, 1, 0, 0, 180, 690, 120, 1, 0, 0, 90, 2940, 2640, 210, 1, 0, 0, 0, 5670, 21840, 7770, 336, 1, 0, 0, 0, 5040, 87570, 107520, 19236, 504, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1680, 189000, 735210, 407400, 42084, 720, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 224700, 2835756, 4280850, 1284360, 83880, 990, 1

Offset: 0

Giuliano Cabrele, Sep 27 2015

Triangle here T_3(n,m) is such that C(n,m)^3 = Sum_{j=0..n} C(n,j)*T_3(j,m).
Equivalently, lower triangular matrix T_3 such that
|| C(n,m)^3 || = A181583 =  P * T_3 = A007318 * T_3.
T_3(n,m) = 0 for n < m and for 3*m < n. In fact:
C(x,m)^q and C(x,m), with m nonnegative and q positive integer, are polynomial in x of degree m*q and m respectively, and C(x,m) is a divisor of C(x,m)^q.
Therefore the Newton series will give C(x,m)^q = T_q(m,m)*C(x,m) + T_q(m+1,m)*C(x,m+1) + ... + T_q(q*m,m)*C(x,q*m), where T_q(n,m) is the n-th forward finite difference of C(x,m)^q at x = 0.
Example:
C(x,2)^3 = x^3*(x-1)^3 / 8 = 1*C(x,2) + 24*C(x,3) + 114*C(x,4) + 180*C(x,5) + 90*C(x,6);
C(5,2)^3 = C(5,3)^3 = 1000 = 1*C(5,2) + 24*C(5,3) + 114*C(5,4) + 180*C(5,5) = 1*C(5,3) + 60*C(5,4) + 690*C(5,5).
So we get the expansion of the 3rd power of the binomial coefficient in terms of the binomial coefficients on the same row.
T_1 is the unitary matrix,
T_2 is the transpose of A109983,
T_3 is this sequence,
T_4, T_5 are A262705, A262706.

			Triangle starts:
n\m  [0]     [1]     [2]     [3]     [4]     [5]     [6]     [7]     [8]
[0]  1;
[1]  0,      1;
[2]  0,      6,      1;
[3]  0,      6,      24,     1;
[4]  0,      0,      114,    60,     1;
[5]  0,      0,      180,    690,    120,    1;
[6]  0,      0,      90,     2940,   2640,   210,    1;
[7]  0,      0,      0,      5670,   21840,  7770,   336,    1;
[8]  0,      0,      0,      5040,   87570,  107520, 19236,  504,    1;
[9]  ...

Gheorghe Coserea, Rows n = 0..200, flattened
P. Blasiak, K. A. Penson and A. I. Solomon, The general boson normal ordering problem, arXiv:quant-ph/0402027, 2004.

Row sums are A172634, the inverse binomial transform of the Franel numbers (A000172).
Column sums are the A126086, per the comment given thereto by Brendan McKay.
Second diagonal (T_3(n+1,n)) is A007531 (n+2).
Column T_3(n,2) is A122193(3,n).
Cf. A109983 (transpose of), A262705, A262706.
Cf. A078739, A078741, A274786.

[&+[(-1)^(n-j)*Binomial(n,j)*Binomial(j,m)^3: j in [0..n]]: m in [0..n], n in [0..10]]; // Bruno Berselli, Oct 01 2015

T3[n_, m_] := Sum[(-1)^(n - j) * Binomial[n, j] * Binomial[j, m]^3, {j, 0, n}]; Table[T3[n, m], {n, 0, 10}, {m, 0, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 01 2015 *)

// as a function
T_3:=(n,m)->_plus((-1)^(n-j)*binomial(n,j)*binomial(j,m)^3 $ j=0..n):
// as a matrix h x h
_P:=h->matrix([[binomial(n,m) $m=0..h]$n=0..h]):
_P_3:=h->matrix([[binomial(n,m)^3 $m=0..h]$n=0..h]):
_T_3:=h->_P(h)^-1*_P_3(h):

T_3(nmax) = {for(n=0, nmax, for(m=0, n, print1(sum(j=0, n, (-1)^(n-j)*binomial(n,j)*binomial(j,m)^3), ", ")); print())} \\ Colin Barker, Oct 01 2015

t3(n,m) = sum(j=0, n,  (-1)^((n-j)%2)* binomial(n,j)*binomial(j,m)^3);
concat(vector(11, n, vector(n, k, t3(n-1,k-1)))) \\ Gheorghe Coserea, Jul 14 2016

T_3(n,m) = Sum_{j=0..n} (-1)^(n-j)*C(n,j)*C(j,m)^3.

Also, let S(r,s)(n,m) denote the Generalized Stirling2 numbers as defined in the link above,then T_3(n,m) = n! / (m!)^3 * S(m,m)(3,n).

A115866 a(n) = g(n,n,n) where g(a, b, c) is defined as follows: if a = 0 or b = 0 or c = 0 then return 1 otherwise return g(a, b, c-1) + g(a, b-1, c) + g(a-1, b, c) + g(a, b-1, c-1) + g(a-1, b, c-1) + g(a-1, b-1, c) + g(a-1, b-1, c-1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 7, 157, 5419, 220561, 9763807, 454635973, 21894817147, 1080094827649, 54250971690007, 2763339510402637, 142338478909290187, 7399210542653679985, 387578046480606144079, 20433042381373273363477, 1083193405190852829195259, 57697563083258107660231681

Offset: 0

Al Zimmermann, Apr 02 2006

nonn

A generalization of the recurrence in A001850. The original description of this sequence was the same as that of A126086. The correct explanation for these terms was provided by Nick Hobson, Mar 03 2007.

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..500

Cf. A001850, A126086.

Column k=3 of A263159.

g():= seq(convert(n, base, 2)[1..3], n=9..15):
b:= proc(l) option remember;
      `if`(l[1]=0, 1, add(b(sort(l-h)), h=g()))
    end:
a:= n-> b([n$3]):
seq(a(n), n=0..25);  # Alois P. Heinz, Oct 14 2015

g[] = Table[Reverse[IntegerDigits[n, 2]][[;; 3]], {n, 2^3 + 1, 2^4 - 1}];
b[l_] := b[l] = If[l[[1]] == 0, 1, Sum[b[Sort[l - h]], {h, g[]}]];
a[n_] := b[Table[n, {3}]];
a /@ Range[0, 25] (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 25 2020, after Alois P. Heinz *)

D-finite with recurrence: 2*(n-1)^2*(2*n-1)*(243*n^5 - 3159*n^4 + 16254*n^3 - 41325*n^2 + 51838*n - 25620)*a(n) = (53703*n^8 - 887922*n^7 + 6273882*n^6 - 24692601*n^5 + 59070956*n^4 - 87717383*n^3 + 78694087*n^2 - 38816698*n + 8003688)*a(n-1) + (94527*n^8 - 1549611*n^7 + 10848681*n^6 - 42278007*n^5 + 100087538*n^4 - 147021644*n^3 + 130465402*n^2 - 63678226*n + 13003980)*a(n-2) - (31833*n^8 - 541890*n^7 + 3945213*n^6 - 16007835*n^5 + 39486422*n^4 - 60435299*n^3 + 55812796*n^2 - 28273516*n + 5965068)*a(n-3) + (n-3)*(3159*n^7 - 48114*n^6 + 301212*n^5 - 1002003*n^4 + 1908157*n^3 - 2073535*n^2 + 1184960*n - 272792)*a(n-4) - 2*(n-4)^2*(n-3)*(243*n^5 - 1944*n^4 + 6048*n^3 - 9087*n^2 + 6529*n - 1769)*a(n-5). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Nov 27 2016

a(n) ~ (12*2^(2/3)+15*2^(1/3)+19)^n / (2^(4/3)*3^(1/2)*Pi*n). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Nov 27 2016

Edited by N. J. A. Sloane following email from Nick Hobson, Mar 03 2007

More terms from Alois P. Heinz, Sep 30 2015

A274668 Diagonal of the rational function 1/(1 - x - y - z - x y + x z - y z + x y z).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 7, 109, 2095, 44401, 995647, 23161909, 552919423, 13454515585, 332268466327, 8302478659069, 209447296631503, 5325782947464721, 136330694520639535, 3509805380065157989, 90806156097601965055, 2359490223343888886785, 61541525049445532797735, 1610570872210945422212365

Offset: 0

Gheorghe Coserea, Jul 05 2016

nonn

Annihilating differential operator: x*(5*x+4)*(x^3+19*x^2+27*x-1)*Dx^2 + (15*x^4+206*x^3+363*x^2+216*x-4)*Dx + 5*x^3+33*x^2+36*x+28.

Gheorghe Coserea, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..310
A. Bostan, S. Boukraa, J.-M. Maillard, J.-A. Weil, Diagonals of rational functions and selected differential Galois groups, arXiv preprint arXiv:1507.03227 [math-ph], 2015.
Jacques-Arthur Weil, Supplementary Material for the Paper "Diagonals of rational functions and selected differential Galois groups"

Cf. A268545-A268555.

gf = Hypergeometric2F1[1/12, 5/12, 1, 13824*x^4*(1 - 27*x - 19*x^2 - x^3) / (1 - 28*x + 54*x^2 + 20*x^3 + x^4)^3]/(1 - 28*x + 54*x^2 + 20*x^3 + x^4)^(1/4);
CoefficientList[gf + O[x]^20, x] (* Jean-François Alcover, Dec 01 2017 *)

my(x='x, y='y, z='z);
R = 1/(1 - x - y - z - x*y + x*z - y*z + x*y*z);
diag(n, expr, var) = {
  my(a = vector(n));
  for (i = 1, #var, expr = taylor(expr, var[#var - i + 1], n));
  for (k = 1, n, a[k] = expr;
       for (i = 1, #var, a[k] = polcoeff(a[k], k-1)));
  return(a);
};
diag(10, R, [x, y, z])

\\ system("wget http://www.jjj.de/pari/hypergeom.gpi");
read("hypergeom.gpi");
N = 21; x = 'x + O('x^N);
Vec(hypergeom([1/12, 5/12],[1],13824*x^4*(1-27*x-19*x^2-x^3)/(1-28*x+54*x^2+20*x^3+x^4)^3, N)/(1-28*x+54*x^2+20*x^3+x^4)^(1/4))

G.f.: hypergeom([1/12, 5/12],[1],13824*x^4*(1-27*x-19*x^2-x^3)/(1-28*x+54*x^2+20*x^3+x^4)^3)/(1-28*x+54*x^2+20*x^3+x^4)^(1/4).
0 = x*(5*x+4)*(x^3+19*x^2+27*x-1)*y'' + (15*x^4+206*x^3+363*x^2+216*x-4)*y' + (5*x^3+33*x^2+36*x+28)*y, where y is the g.f.
From Peter Bala, Jan 15 2020: (Start)
a(n) = Sum_{0 <= j, k <= n} (-1)^(n+k)*C(n,k)*C(n,j)*C(n+k,k)*C(n+k+j,k+j). Cf. A001850 and A126086.
n^2*(37*n - 49)*a(n) = (999*n^3 - 2322*n^2 + 1567*n - 328)*a(n-1) + (703*n^3 - 2337*n^2 + 2295*n - 536)*a(n-2) + (n - 2)^2*(37*n - 12)*a(n-3). (End)

A316673 Number of paths from (0,0,0) to (n,n,n) that always move closer to (n,n,n).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 13, 818, 64324, 5592968, 515092048, 49239783968, 4831678931008, 483371425775744, 49083260519243008, 5043379069021557248, 523221884090930480128, 54715789513061864081408, 5760456190025868833542144, 609948004367577499751948288, 64905519628343663567453569024

Offset: 0

Alois P. Heinz, Jul 10 2018

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..487

Column k=3 of A316674.

Cf. A052141, A126086.

a:= proc(n) option remember; `if`(n<4, [1, 13, 818, 64324][n+1],
     (2*(3*n-2)*(57*n^2-95*n+25)*a(n-1)-4*(9*n^3-30*n^2+29*n-6)*
      a(n-2)+8*(3*n-1)*(n-2)^2*a(n-3))/(n^2*(3*n-4)))
    end:
seq(a(n), n=0..20);

a[n_] := a[n] = If[n < 4, {1, 13, 818, 64324}[[n+1]], (2(3n-2)(57n^2- 95n+25) a[n-1] - 4(9n^3-30n^2+29n-6) a[n-2] + 8(3n-1)(n-2)^2 a[n-3]) / (n^2 (3n-4))];
a /@ Range[0, 20] (* Jean-François Alcover, May 14 2020, after Maple *)

Recurrence: see Maple program.
a(n) = A126086(n) * ceiling(2^(n-1)) = A126086(n) * A011782(n).
a(n) ~ sqrt((6 + 5*2^(1/3) + 4*2^(2/3))/6) * (24*2^(2/3) + 30*2^(1/3) + 38)^n / (4*Pi*n). - Vaclav Kotesovec, May 14 2020
G.f.: (1+hypergeom([1/3, 2/3],[1],108*x/(1-2*x)^3)/(1-2*x))/2. - Mark van Hoeij, Nov 28 2024

A339390 Number of paths from (0,0,0) to (n,n,n) using steps (1,0,0), (0,1,0), (0,0,1), (1,1,1), and (2,2,2).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 7, 116, 2397, 54845, 1329644, 33464881, 864627351, 22776683200, 609024723535, 16478750543705, 450190397799036, 12397538372467109, 343712858468053319, 9584085091610235280, 268571959802603851989, 7558772037473679862681, 213548821612723752662596

Offset: 0

William J. Wang, Dec 02 2020

nonn

The ratio of any two consecutive terms of this sequence a(n+1)/a(n) seems to grow asymptotically to ~30 as n increases (observation).

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..679

Cf. A006480, A081798, A126086, A268550, A339565.

b:= proc(l) option remember; `if`(l[3]=0, 1,
      add((f-> `if`(f[1]<0, 0, b(f)))(sort(l-h)), h=
      [[1, 0$2], [0, 1, 0], [0$2, 1], [1$3], [2$3]]))
    end:
a:= n-> b([n$3]):
seq(a(n), n=0..20);  # Alois P. Heinz, Dec 04 2020
# second Maple program:
a:= proc(n) local t; 1/(1-x-y-z-x*y*z-(x*y*z)^2);
      for t in [x, y, z] do coeftayl(%, t=0, n) od
    end:
seq(a(n), n=0..20);  # Alois P. Heinz, Dec 05 2020
# third Maple program:
a:= proc(n) option remember; `if`(n<6, [1, 7, 116, 2397, 54845,
      1329644][n+1], ((3*n-7)*(3*n-2)*(30*n^2-50*n+13)*a(n-1) -(3*n-2)
      *(3*n-5)*a(n-2) -(45*n^4-300*n^3+677*n^2-560*n+108)*a(n-3)
      +(3*n-2)*(3*n-11)*a(n-4) +(3*n-1)*(9*n^3-75*n^2+197*n-154)*a(n-5)
      +(3*n-1)*(3*n-4)*(n-4)^2*a(n-6)) / ((3*n-4)*(3*n-7)*n^2))
    end:
seq(a(n), n=0..20);  # Alois P. Heinz, Dec 05 2020

b[l_] := b[l] = If[l[[3]] == 0, 1,
     Sum[Function[f, If[f[[1]] < 0, 0, b[f]]][Sort[l-h]], {h,
     {{1, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}, {1, 1, 1}, {2, 2, 2}}}]];
a[n_] := b[{n, n, n}];
Table[a[n], {n, 0, 20}] (* Jean-François Alcover, May 30 2022, after Alois P. Heinz *)

From Alois P. Heinz, Dec 05 2020: (Start)
a(n) = [(x*y*z)^n] 1/(1-x-y-z-x*y*z-(x*y*z)^2).
a(n) = ((3*n-7)*(3*n-2)*(30*n^2-50*n+13)*a(n-1) - (3*n-2)*(3*n-5)*a(n-2) - (45*n^4-300*n^3+677*n^2-560*n+108)*a(n-3) + (3*n-2)*(3*n-11)*a(n-4) + (3*n-1)*(9*n^3-75*n^2+197*n-154)*a(n-5) + (3*n-1)*(3*n-4)*(n-4)^2*a(n-6)) / ((3*n-4)*(3*n-7)*n^2) for n>=6. (End)

cp's OEIS Frontend

A137219 a(n) = (A126086(n) - 3*A001850(n) + 2)/6.

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A137220 a(n) = (A126086(n) + 3*A001850(n) + 2)/6.

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A001850 Central Delannoy numbers: a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n,k)*C(n+k,k).

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A262809 Number A(n,k) of lattice paths from {n}^k to {0}^k using steps that decrement one or more components by one; square array A(n,k), n>=0, k>=0, read by antidiagonals.

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A062208 a(n) = Sum_{m>=0} binomial(m,3)^n*2^(-m-1).

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A262704 Triangle: Newton expansion of C(n,m)^3, read by rows.

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