A001105 -id:A001105 - cp's OEIS frontend

A345909 Numbers k such that the k-th composition in standard order (row k of A066099) has alternating sum 1.

1, 5, 7, 18, 21, 23, 26, 29, 31, 68, 73, 75, 78, 82, 85, 87, 90, 93, 95, 100, 105, 107, 110, 114, 117, 119, 122, 125, 127, 264, 273, 275, 278, 284, 290, 293, 295, 298, 301, 303, 308, 313, 315, 318, 324, 329, 331, 334, 338, 341, 343, 346, 349, 351, 356, 361

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Jun 30 2021

nonn

The alternating sum of a composition (y_1,...,y_k) is Sum_i (-1)^(i-1) y_i.

The k-th composition in standard order (graded reverse-lexicographic, A066099) is obtained by taking the set of positions of 1's in the reversed binary expansion of k, prepending 0, taking first differences, and reversing again. This gives a bijective correspondence between nonnegative integers and integer compositions.

			The sequence of terms together with the corresponding compositions begins:
      1: (1)             87: (2,2,1,1,1)
      5: (2,1)           90: (2,1,2,2)
      7: (1,1,1)         93: (2,1,1,2,1)
     18: (3,2)           95: (2,1,1,1,1,1)
     21: (2,2,1)        100: (1,3,3)
     23: (2,1,1,1)      105: (1,2,3,1)
     26: (1,2,2)        107: (1,2,2,1,1)
     29: (1,1,2,1)      110: (1,2,1,1,2)
     31: (1,1,1,1,1)    114: (1,1,3,2)
     68: (4,3)          117: (1,1,2,2,1)
     73: (3,3,1)        119: (1,1,2,1,1,1)
     75: (3,2,1,1)      122: (1,1,1,2,2)
     78: (3,1,1,2)      125: (1,1,1,1,2,1)
     82: (2,3,2)        127: (1,1,1,1,1,1,1)
     85: (2,2,2,1)      264: (5,4)

These compositions are counted by A000984 (bisection of A126869).
The version for prime indices is A001105.
A version using runs of binary digits is A031448.
These are the positions of 1's in A124754.
The opposite (negative 1) version is A345910.
The reverse version is A345911.
The version for Heinz numbers of partitions is A345958.
Standard compositions: A000120, A066099, A070939, A124754, A228351, A344618.
A000070 counts partitions with alternating sum 1 (ranked by A345957).
A000097 counts partitions with alternating sum 2 (ranked by A345960).
A011782 counts compositions.
A097805 counts compositions by sum and alternating sum.
A103919 counts partitions by sum and alternating sum (reverse: A344612).
A316524 gives the alternating sum of prime indices (reverse: A344616).
A344610 counts partitions by sum and positive reverse-alternating sum.
A344611 counts partitions of 2n with reverse-alternating sum >= 0.
A345197 counts compositions by sum, length, and alternating sum.
Compositions of n, 2n, or 2n+1 with alternating/reverse-alternating sum k:
- k = 0:  counted by A088218, ranked by A344619/A344619.
- k = 1:  counted by A000984, ranked by A345909 (this sequence)/A345911.
- k = -1: counted by A001791, ranked by A345910/A345912.
- k = 2:  counted by A088218, ranked by A345925/A345922.
- k = -2: counted by A002054, ranked by A345924/A345923.
- k >= 0: counted by A116406, ranked by A345913/A345914.
- k <= 0: counted by A058622(n-1), ranked by A345915/A345916.
- k > 0:  counted by A027306, ranked by A345917/A345918.
- k < 0:  counted by A294175, ranked by A345919/A345920.
- k != 0: counted by A058622, ranked by A345921/A345921.
- k even: counted by A081294, ranked by A053754/A053754.
- k odd:  counted by A000302, ranked by A053738/A053738.
Cf. A000346, A008549, A025047, A031443, A031444, A034871, A114121, A238279, A304620, A344651.

stc[n_]:=Differences[Prepend[Join@@Position[ Reverse[IntegerDigits[n,2]],1],0]]//Reverse;
ats[y_]:=Sum[(-1)^(i-1)*y[[i]],{i,Length[y]}];
Select[Range[0,100],ats[stc[#]]==1&]

A132592 X-values of solutions to the equation X(X + 1) - 8Y^2 = 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 8, 288, 9800, 332928, 11309768, 384199200, 13051463048, 443365544448, 15061377048200, 511643454094368, 17380816062160328, 590436102659356800, 20057446674355970888, 681362750825443653408, 23146276081390728245000, 786292024016459316676608, 26710782540478226038759688

Offset: 0

Mohamed Bouhamida, Nov 14 2007

Equivalently, numbers k such that both k/2 and k+1 are squares. - Karl-Heinz Hofmann, Sep 20 2022

Equivalently, numbers k such that the k-dimensional volume and total (k-1)-dimensional volume are equal, with side length being a positive integer, for all regular polyhedra constructible in k dimensions. - Matt Moir, Jul 09 2024

Seiichi Manyama, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..500
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (35,-35,1).

Intersection between A132411 and A001105.
Cf. A007654.
Cf. A001541, A058331, A001079, A037270, A055792, A071253, A108741, A132592, A146311, A146312, A146313, A173115, A173116, A173121.

I:=[0,8,288]; [n le 3 select I[n] else 35*Self(n-1)-35*Self(n-2)+ Self(n-3): n in [1..30]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Dec 24 2018

Table[Round[N[Sinh[2 n ArcCosh[Sqrt[2]]]^2, 100]], {n, 0, 20}] (* Artur Jasinski, Feb 10 2010 *)
LinearRecurrence[{35, -35, 1}, {0, 8, 288}, 30] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Dec 24 2018 *)

A132592 = [0, 8]
for n in range(2, 18): A132592.append(34 * A132592[-1] - A132592[-2] + 16)
print(A132592) # Karl-Heinz Hofmann, Sep 20 2022

a(0)=0, a(1)=8 and a(n) = 34*a(n-1) - a(n-2) + 16.
a(n) = (A056771(n) - 1)/2. - Max Alekseyev, Nov 13 2009
a(n) = sinh(2*n*arccosh(sqrt(2))^2) (n=0,1,2,3,...). - Artur Jasinski, Feb 10 2010
G.f.: -8*x*(x+1)/((x-1)*(x^2-34*x+1)). - Colin Barker, Oct 24 2012
a(n) = A055792(n+1)-1 = A001541(n)^2 - 1. - Antti Karttunen, Oct 03 2016

More terms from Max Alekseyev, Nov 13 2009

A093353 a(n) = (n + (n mod 2))*(n + 1)/2.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 2, 3, 8, 10, 18, 21, 32, 36, 50, 55, 72, 78, 98, 105, 128, 136, 162, 171, 200, 210, 242, 253, 288, 300, 338, 351, 392, 406, 450, 465, 512, 528, 578, 595, 648, 666, 722, 741, 800, 820, 882, 903, 968, 990, 1058, 1081, 1152, 1176, 1250, 1275, 1352, 1378, 1458

Offset: 0

Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 27 2004

Partial sums of A014682. - Paul Barry, Mar 31 2008
a(n) is the sum of all parts in the integer partitions of n+1 into two parts, see example. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jan 26 2013
Also the independence number of the n X n torus grid graph. - Eric W. Weisstein, Sep 06 2017
Also the number of circles we can draw on vertices of an (n+1)-sided regular polygon (using only a compass). - Matej Veselovac, Jan 21 2020

			a(1) = 2 since 2 = (1+1) and the sum of the first and second parts in the partition is 2; a(2) = 3 since 3 = (1+2) and the sum of these parts is 3; a(3) = 8 since 4 = (1+3) = (2+2) and the sum of all the parts is 8. - _Wesley Ivan Hurt_, Jan 26 2013

W. R. Hare, S. T. Hedetniemi, R. Laskar, and J. Pfaff, Complete coloring parameters of graphs, Proceedings of the sixteenth Southeastern international conference on combinatorics, graph theory and computing (Boca Raton, Fla., 1985). Congr. Numer., Vol. 48 (1985), pp. 171-178. MR0830709 (87h:05088). See s_m on page 135. - N. J. A. Sloane, Apr 06 2012

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..5000
Math StackExchange, Number of circles on vertices of a regular polygon, 2020.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Independence Number.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Torus Grid Graph.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (1,2,-2,-1,1).

Cf. A000217, A001105, A014105, A014682, A072691, A188859, A242669.

[(n+1)*(2*n+1-(-1)^n)/4: n in [0..60]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Jan 23 2020

a:= n-> (n+1)*floor((n+1)/2); seq(a(n), n = 0..70);

(* Contributions from Harvey P. Dale, Nov 15 2013: Start *)
Table[(n+Mod[n,2])*(n+1)/2,{n,0,60}]
LinearRecurrence[{1,2,-2,-1,1},{0,2,3,8,10},60]
Join[{0},Module[{nn = 60, ab}, ab = Transpose[ Partition[ Accumulate[ Range[nn]], 2]]; Flatten[ Transpose[ {ab[[1]] + Range[nn/2], ab[[2]]}]]]]
(* End *)

a(n)=(n+1)\2*(n+1) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jun 11 2015

[(n+1)*int((n+1)//2) for n in range(0,71)] # G. C. Greubel, Mar 14 2024

a(2*n) = a(2*n-1) + n = A014105(n).
a(2*n+1) = a(2*n) + 3*n + 2 = A001105(n+1).
G.f.: x*(2+x+x^2)/((1-x)^3*(1+x)^2).
a(n) = (n+1)*(2*n+1-(-1)^n)/4. - Paul Barry, Mar 31 2008
a(n) = (n+1)*floor((n+1)/2). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jan 26 2013
a(n) = Sum_{i=1..floor((n+1)/2)} i + Sum_{i=ceiling((n+1)/2)..n} i. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 08 2013
From Amiram Eldar, Mar 10 2022: (Start)
Sum_{n>=1} 1/a(n) = Pi^2/12 + 2*(1-log(2)) = A072691 + A188859.
Sum_{n>=1} (-1)^(n+1)/a(n) = Pi^2/12 - 2*(1-log(2)) = A072691 - A188859. (End)
E.g.f.: (x*(3 + x)*cosh(x) + (1 + x)^2*sinh(x))/2. - Stefano Spezia, Nov 13 2024

a(0)=0 prepended by Alois P. Heinz, Nov 13 2024

A122542 Triangle T(n,k), 0 <= k <= n, read by rows, given by [0, 2, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ...] DELTA [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ...] where DELTA is the operator defined in A084938.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 4, 1, 0, 2, 8, 6, 1, 0, 2, 12, 18, 8, 1, 0, 2, 16, 38, 32, 10, 1, 0, 2, 20, 66, 88, 50, 12, 1, 0, 2, 24, 102, 192, 170, 72, 14, 1, 0, 2, 28, 146, 360, 450, 292, 98, 16, 1, 0, 2, 32, 198, 608, 1002, 912, 462, 128, 18, 1

Offset: 0

Philippe Deléham, Sep 19 2006, May 28 2007

Riordan array (1, x*(1+x)/(1-x)). Rising and falling diagonals are the tribonacci numbers A000213, A001590.

			Triangle begins:
  1;
  0, 1;
  0, 2,  1;
  0, 2,  4,   1;
  0, 2,  8,   6,   1;
  0, 2, 12,  18,   8,    1;
  0, 2, 16,  38,  32,   10,   1;
  0, 2, 20,  66,  88,   50,  12,   1;
  0, 2, 24, 102, 192,  170,  72,  14,   1;
  0, 2, 28, 146, 360,  450, 292,  98,  16,  1;
  0, 2, 32, 198, 608, 1002, 912, 462, 128, 18, 1;

Reinhard Zumkeller, Rows n = 0..120 of triangle, flattened
Bela Bajnok, Additive Combinatorics: A Menu of Research Problems, arXiv:1705.07444 [math.NT], May 2017. See Sect. 2.3.
Huyile Liang, Yanni Pei, and Yi Wang, Analytic combinatorics of coordination numbers of cubic lattices, arXiv:2302.11856 [math.CO], 2023. See p. 1.

Other versions: A035607, A113413, A119800, A266213.
Diagonals: A000012, A005843, A001105, A035597 - A035606.
Columns: A000007, A040000, A008575, A005899, A008412-A008416, A008418, A008420, A035706 - A035745.
Sums include: A000007, A001333 (row), A001590 (diagonal), A007483, A057077 (signed row), A078016 (signed diagonal), A086901, A091928, A104934, A122558, A122690.
Cf. A155161, A059283.

a122542 n k = a122542_tabl !! n !! k
a122542_row n = a122542_tabl !! n
a122542_tabl = map fst $ iterate
   (\(us, vs) -> (vs, zipWith (+) ([0] ++ us ++ [0]) $
                      zipWith (+) ([0] ++ vs) (vs ++ [0]))) ([1], [0, 1])
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jul 20 2013, Apr 17 2013

function T(n, k) // T = A122542
  if k eq 0 then return 0^n;
  elif k eq n then return 1;
  else return T(n-1,k) + T(n-1,k-1) + T(n-2,k-1);
  end if;
end function;
[T(n, k): k in [0..n], n in [0..12]]; // G. C. Greubel, Oct 27 2024

CoefficientList[#, y]& /@ CoefficientList[(1-x)/(1 - (1+y)x - y x^2) + O[x]^11, x] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Sep 09 2018 *)
(* Second program *)
T[n_, k_]:= T[n, k]= If[k==n, 1, If[k==0, 0, T[n-1,k-1] +T[n-1,k] +T[n-2,k- 1] ]]; (* T = A122542 *)
Table[T[n,k], {n,0,12}, {k,0,n}]//Flatten (* G. C. Greubel, Oct 27 2024 *)

def A122542_row(n):
    @cached_function
    def prec(n, k):
        if k==n: return 1
        if k==0: return 0
        return prec(n-1,k-1)+2*sum(prec(n-i,k-1) for i in (2..n-k+1))
    return [prec(n, k) for k in (0..n)]
for n in (0..10): print(A122542_row(n)) # Peter Luschny, Mar 16 2016

Sum_{k=0..n} x^k*T(n,k) = A000007(n), A001333(n), A104934(n), A122558(n), A122690(n), A091928(n)  for x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. - Philippe Deléham, Jan 25 2012
Sum_{k=0..n} 3^(n-k)*T(n,k) = A086901(n).
Sum_{k=0..n} 2^(n-k)*T(n,k) = A007483(n-1), n >= 1. - Philippe Deléham, Oct 08 2006
T(2*n, n) = A123164(n).
T(n, k) = T(n-1,k) + T(n-1,k-1) + T(n-2,k-1), n > 1. - Philippe Deléham, Jan 25 2012
G.f.: (1-x)/(1-(1+y)*x-y*x^2). - Philippe Deléham, Mar 02 2012
From G. C. Greubel, Oct 27 2024: (Start)
Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^k*T(n, k) = A057077(n).
Sum_{k=0..floor(n/2)} T(n-k, k) = A001590(n+1).
Sum_{k=0..floor(n/2)} (-1)^k*T(n-k, k) = A078016(n). (End)

A345958 Numbers whose prime indices have reverse-alternating sum 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 6, 8, 15, 18, 24, 32, 35, 50, 54, 60, 72, 77, 96, 98, 128, 135, 140, 143, 150, 162, 200, 216, 221, 240, 242, 288, 294, 308, 315, 323, 338, 375, 384, 392, 437, 450, 486, 512, 540, 560, 572, 578, 600, 648, 667, 693, 722, 726, 735, 800, 864, 875, 882, 884, 899

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Jul 11 2021

nonn

A prime index of n is a number m such that prime(m) divides n. The multiset of prime indices of n is row n of A112798.
The reverse-alternating sum of a sequence (y_1,...,y_k) is Sum_i (-1)^(k-i) y_i. Of course, the reverse-alternating sum of prime indices is also the alternating sum of reversed prime indices.
Also numbers with exactly one odd conjugate prime index. Conjugate prime indices are listed by A321650, ranked by A122111.

			The initial terms and their prime indices:
   2: {1}
   6: {1,2}
   8: {1,1,1}
  15: {2,3}
  18: {1,2,2}
  24: {1,1,1,2}
  32: {1,1,1,1,1}
  35: {3,4}
  50: {1,3,3}
  54: {1,2,2,2}
  60: {1,1,2,3}
  72: {1,1,1,2,2}
  77: {4,5}
  96: {1,1,1,1,1,2}
  98: {1,4,4}

The k > 0 version is A000037.
These multisets are counted by A000070.
The k = 0 version is A000290, counted by A000041.
The version for unreversed-alternating sum is A001105.
These partitions are counted by A035363.
These are the positions of 1's in A344616.
The k = 2 version is A345961, counted by A120452.
A000984/A345909/A345911 count/rank compositions with alternating sum 1.
A001791/A345910/A345912 count/rank compositions with alternating sum -1.
A088218 counts compositions with alternating sum 0, ranked by A344619.
A025047 counts wiggly compositions.
A027187 counts partitions with reverse-alternating sum <= 0.
A056239 adds up prime indices, row sums of A112798.
A097805 counts compositions by alternating (or reverse-alternating) sum.
A103919 counts partitions by sum and alternating sum (reverse: A344612).
A316524 gives the alternating sum of prime indices.
A325534 and A325535 count separable and inseparable partitions.
A344606 counts alternating permutations of prime indices.
A344607 counts partitions with reverse-alternating sum >= 0.
A344610 counts partitions by sum and positive reverse-alternating sum.
Cf. A000097, A027193, A034871, A239830, A341446, A344650, A344651, A344743, A345917, A345918, A345920.

primeMS[n_]:=If[n==1,{},Flatten[Cases[FactorInteger[n],{p_,k_}:>Table[PrimePi[p],{k}]]]];
sats[y_]:=Sum[(-1)^(i-Length[y])*y[[i]],{i,Length[y]}];
Select[Range[100],sats[primeMS[#]]==1&]

A130519 a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} floor(k/4). (Partial sums of A002265.)

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 66, 72, 78, 84, 91, 98, 105, 112, 120, 128, 136, 144, 153, 162, 171, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 231, 242, 253, 264, 276, 288, 300, 312, 325, 338, 351, 364, 378, 392, 406, 420, 435, 450

Offset: 0

Hieronymus Fischer, Jun 01 2007

Complementary to A130482 with respect to triangular numbers, in that A130482(n) + 4*a(n) = n(n+1)/2 = A000217(n).
Disregarding the first three 0's the resulting sequence a'(n) is the sum of the positive integers <= n that have the same residue modulo 4 as n. This is the additive counterpart of the quadruple factorial numbers. - Peter Luschny, Jul 06 2011
From Heinrich Ludwig, Dec 23 2017: (Start)
Column sums of (shift of rows = 4):
  1 2 3 4 5 6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 ...
          1 2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 ...
                     1  2  3  4  5  6 ...
                                 1  2 ...
  .......................................
  ---------------------------------------
  1 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 15 18 21 24 28 32 ...
  shift of rows = 1 see A000217
  shift of rows = 2 see A002620
  shift of rows = 3 see A001840
  shift of rows = 5 see A130520
(End)
Conjecture: a(n+2) is the maximum effective weight of a numerical semigroup S of genus n (see Nathan Pflueger). - Stefano Spezia, Jan 04 2019

			G.f. = x^4 + 2*x^5 + 3*x^6 + 4*x^7 + 6*x^8 + 8*x^9 + 10*x^10 + 12*x^11 + ...
[ n] a(n)
---------
[ 4] 1
[ 5] 2
[ 6] 3
[ 7] 4
[ 8] 1 + 5
[ 9] 2 + 6
[10] 3 + 7
[11] 4 + 8

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
Bakir Farhi, On the Representation of the Natural Numbers as the Sum of Three Terms of the Sequence floor(n^2/a), Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 16 (2013), Article 13.6.4.
Darren Glass and Joshua Wagner, Arithmetical Structures on Paths With a Doubled Edge, arXiv:1903.01398 [math.CO], 2019.
Nathan Pflueger, On non-primitive Weierstrass points, Alg. Number Th. 12 (2018) 1923-1947 and arXiv:1608.0566 [math.AG], 2016.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (2,-1,0,1,-2,1).

Cf. A000217, A001840, A002264, A002265, A002266, A002620, A004526, A010872, A010873, A010874, A130481, A130483, A130520.

Cf. A000290, A007590, A000212, A118015, A056827, A056834, A056838, A056865.

a:=List([0..65],n->Sum([0..n],k->Int(k/4)));; Print(a); # Muniru A Asiru, Jan 04 2019

[Round(n*(n-2)/8): n in [0..70]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Jun 25 2011

quadsum := n -> add(k, k = select(k -> k mod 4 = n mod 4, [$1 .. n])):
A130519 := n ->`if`(n<3,0,quadsum(n-3)); seq(A130519(n),n=0..58); # Peter Luschny, Jul 06 2011

a[ n_] := Quotient[ (n - 1)^2, 8]; (* Michael Somos, Oct 14 2011 *)

makelist(floor((n-1)^2/8), n, 0, 70); /* Stefano Spezia, Jan 04 2019 */

{a(n) = (n - 1)^2 \ 8}; /* Michael Somos, Oct 14 2011 */

def A130519(n): return (n-1)**2>>3  # Chai Wah Wu, Jul 30 2022

G.f.: x^4/((1-x^4)*(1-x)^2) = x^4/((1+x)*(1+x^2)*(1-x)^3).
a(n) = +2*a(n-1) -1*a(n-2) +1*a(n-4) -2*a(n-5) +1*a(n-6).
a(n) = floor(n/4)*(n - 1 - 2*floor(n/4)) = A002265(n)*(n - 1 - 2*A002265(n)).
a(n) = (1/2)*A002265(n)*(n - 2 + A010873(n)).
a(n) = floor((n-1)^2/8). - Mitch Harris, Sep 08 2008
a(n) = round(n*(n-2)/8) = round((n^2-2*n-1)/8) = ceiling((n+1)*(n-3)/8). - Mircea Merca, Nov 28 2010
a(n) = A001972(n-4), n>3. - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Jul 10 2009
a(n) = a(n-4)+n-3, n>3. - Mircea Merca, Nov 28 2010
Euler transform of length 4 sequence [ 2, 0, 0, 1]. - Michael Somos, Oct 14 2011
a(n) = a(2-n) for all n in Z. - Michael Somos, Oct 14 2011
a(n) = A214734(n, 1, 4). - Renzo Benedetti, Aug 27 2012
a(4n) = A000384(n), a(4n+1) = A001105(n), a(4n+2) = A014105(n), a(4n+3) = A046092(n). - Philippe Deléham, Mar 26 2013
a(n) = Sum_{i=1..ceiling(n/2)-1} (i mod 2) * (n - 2*i - 1). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jan 23 2014
a(n) = ( 2*n^2-4*n-1+(-1)^n+2*((-1)^((2*n-1+(-1)^n)/4)-(-1)^((6*n-1+(-1)^n)/4)) )/16 = ( 2*n*(n-2) - (1-(-1)^n)*(1-2*i^(n*(n-1))) )/16, where i=sqrt(-1). - Luce ETIENNE, Aug 29 2014
E.g.f.: (1/8)*((- 1 + x)*x*cosh(x) + 2*sin(x) + (- 1 - x + x^2)*sinh(x)). - Stefano Spezia, Jan 15 2019
a(n) = (A002620(n-1) - A011765(n+1)) / 2, for n > 0. - Yuchun Ji, Feb 05 2021
Sum_{n>=4} 1/a(n) = Pi^2/12 + 5/2. - Amiram Eldar, Aug 13 2022

Partially edited by R. J. Mathar, Jul 11 2009

A176271 The odd numbers as a triangle read by rows.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97, 99, 101, 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 119, 121, 123, 125, 127, 129, 131

Offset: 1

Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 13 2010

A108309(n) = number of primes in n-th row.

			From _Philippe Deléham_, Oct 03 2011: (Start)
Triangle begins:
   1;
   3,  5;
   7,  9, 11;
  13, 15, 17, 19;
  21, 23, 25, 27, 29;
  31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41;
  43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55;
  57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71;
  73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89; (End)

G. C. Greubel, Rows n = 1..100 of the triangle, flattened
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Nicomachus's Theorem
Wikipedia, Nikomachos von Gerasa

Cf. A000466, A000537, A000578, A001105, A002061, A005408, A014209.
Cf. A016754, A027688, A027690, A027692, A027694, A028387, A048058.
Cf. A053755, A065599, A082111, A108195, A108309, A214604, A214661.

a176271 n k = a176271_tabl !! (n-1) !! (k-1)
a176271_row n = a176271_tabl !! (n-1)
a176271_tabl = f 1 a005408_list where
   f x ws = us : f (x + 1) vs where (us, vs) = splitAt x ws
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, May 24 2012

[n^2-n+2*k-1: k in [1..n], n in [1..15]]; // G. C. Greubel, Mar 10 2024

A176271 := proc(n,k)
    n^2-n+2*k-1 ;
end proc: # R. J. Mathar, Jun 28 2013

Table[n^2-n+2*k-1, {n,15}, {k,n}]//Flatten (* G. C. Greubel, Mar 10 2024 *)

flatten([[n^2-n+2*k-1 for k in range(1,n+1)] for n in range(1,16)]) # G. C. Greubel, Mar 10 2024

T(n, k) = n^2 - n + 2*k - 1 for 1 <= k <= n.
T(n, k) = A005408(n*(n-1)/2 + k - 1).
T(2*n-1, n) = A016754(n-1) (main diagonal).
T(2*n, n) = A000466(n).
T(2*n, n+1) = A053755(n).
T(n, k) + T(n, n-k+1) = A001105(n), 1 <= k <= n.
T(n, 1)   = A002061(n), central polygonal numbers.
T(n, 2)   = A027688(n-1) for n > 1.
T(n, 3)   = A027690(n-1) for n > 2.
T(n, 4)   = A027692(n-1) for n > 3.
T(n, 5)   = A027694(n-1) for n > 4.
T(n, 6)   = A048058(n-1) for n > 5.
T(n, n-3) = A108195(n-2) for n > 3.
T(n, n-2) = A082111(n-2) for n > 2.
T(n, n-1) = A014209(n-1) for n > 1.
T(n, n) = A028387(n-1).
Sum_{k=1..n} T(n, k) = A000578(n) (Nicomachus's theorem).
Sum_{k=1..n} (-1)^(k-1)*T(n, k) = (-1)^(n-1)*A065599(n) (alternating sign row sums).
Sum_{j=1..n} (Sum_{k=1..n} T(j, k)) = A000537(n) (sum of first n rows).

A069894 Centered square numbers: a(n) = 4n^2 + 4n + 2.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 10, 26, 50, 82, 122, 170, 226, 290, 362, 442, 530, 626, 730, 842, 962, 1090, 1226, 1370, 1522, 1682, 1850, 2026, 2210, 2402, 2602, 2810, 3026, 3250, 3482, 3722, 3970, 4226, 4490, 4762, 5042, 5330, 5626, 5930, 6242, 6562, 6890, 7226, 7570, 7922, 8282

Offset: 0

Glenn B. Cox (igloos_r_us(AT)canada.com), Apr 10 2002

Any number may be substituted for y to yield similar sequences. The number set used determines values given (i.e., integer yields integer). All centered square integers in the set of integers may be found by this formula.
1/2 + 1/10 + 1/26 + ... = (Pi/4)*tanh(Pi/2) [Jolley]. - Gary W. Adamson, Dec 21 2006
For n > 0, a(n-1) is the number of triples (w, x, y) having all terms in {0, ..., n} and min(|w - x|, |x - y|) = 1. - Clark Kimberling, Jun 12 2012
Consider the primitive Pythagorean triples (x(n), y(n), z(n) = y(n) + 1) with n >= 0, and x(n) = 2*n + 1, y(n) = 2*n*(n + 1), z(n) = 2*n*(n + 1) + 1. The sequence, a(n), is 2*z(n). - George F. Johnson, Oct 22 2012
Ulam's spiral (SE corner). See the Wikipedia link. - Kival Ngaokrajang, Jul 25 2014
Conference matrix orders (A000952) of the form n-1 is a perfect square are all in this sequence. All values less than 1000 are conference matrices except for 226 which is still an open question (Balonin & Seberry 2014). - Colin Hall, Nov 21 2018
For n > 0, a(n-1) is the number of maximum number of regions into which the plane can be divided using n convex quadrilaterals. Related: A077588 A077591. - Keyang Li, Jun 17 2022

			If y = 3, then 81 + 144 = 225; if y = 4, then 12^2 + 16^2 = 20^2; 7^2 + 24^2 = 25^2 = 15^2 + 20^2.

L. B. W. Jolley, "Summation of Series", Dover Publications, 1961, p. 176.

Ivan Panchenko, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
N. A. Balonin and Jennifer Seberry, A Review and New Symmetric Conference Matrices, Research Online, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, 2014.
Keyang Li, Figure for n=1,2,3,4,5
Tintarn, n convex quadrilaterals in the plane
Wikipedia, Ulam Spiral Construction.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (3,-3,1).

Cf. A001105, A001844, A002522, A016754, A016825, A033996, A261377.

[4*n^2+4*n+2 : n in [0..50]]; // Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jul 26 2014

A069894:=n->4*n^2+4*n+2: seq(A069894(n), n=0..50); # Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jul 26 2014

Mathematica
```
Table[4n(n + 1) + 2, {n, 0, 45}]
```

vector(100, n, (2*n-1)^2+1); \\ Derek Orr, Jul 27 2014

[(2*n+1)^2 + 1 for n in range(50)] # G. C. Greubel, Nov 21 2018

(y*(2*x + 1))^2 + (y*(2*x^2 + 2*x))^2 = (y*(2*x^2 + 2*x + 1))^2, where y = 2. If a^2 + b^2 = c^2, then c^2 = y^2*(4*x^4 + 8*x^3 + 8*x^2 + 4*x + 1). Also 2*A001844.
a(n) = (2*n + 1)^2 + 1. - Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, Nov 10 2008 [Corrected by R. J. Mathar, Sep 16 2009]
a(n) = 8*n + a(n-1) for n > 0, a(0)=2. - Vincenzo Librandi, Aug 08 2010
From George F. Johnson, Oct 22 2012: (Start)
G.f.: 2*(1 + x)^2/(1 - x)^3, a(0) = 2, a(1) = 10.
a(n+1) = a(n) + 4 + 4*sqrt(a(n) - 1).
a(n-1) * a(n+1) = (a(n)-4)^2 + 16.
a(n) - 1 = (2*n+1)^2 = A016754(n) for n > 0.
(a(n+1) - a(n-1))/8 = sqrt(a(n) - 1).
a(n+1) = 2*a(n) - a(n-1) + 8 for n > 2, a(0)=2, a(1)=10, a(2)=26.
a(n+1) = 3*a(n) - 3*a(n-1) + a(n-2) for n > 3; a(0)=2, a(1)=10, a(2)=26, a(3)=50.
a(n) = A033996(n) + 2 = A002522(2n + 1).
a(n)^2 = A033996(n)^2 + A016825(n)^2. (End)
a(n) = A001105(n) + A001105(n+1). - Bruno Berselli, Jul 03 2017
E.g.f.: 2*(1 + 4*x + 2*x^2)*exp(x). - G. C. Greubel, Nov 21 2018
a(n) = A261327(4*n+2). - Paul Curtz, Dec 23 2021
a(n) = 2*A001844(n) = 4*A000217(n) + 2*A002061(n+1). - Klaus Purath, Aug 13 2025

Edited by Robert G. Wilson v, Apr 11 2002

Offset corrected by Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 25 2010

A016802 a(n) = (4*n)^2.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 16, 64, 144, 256, 400, 576, 784, 1024, 1296, 1600, 1936, 2304, 2704, 3136, 3600, 4096, 4624, 5184, 5776, 6400, 7056, 7744, 8464, 9216, 10000, 10816, 11664, 12544, 13456, 14400, 15376, 16384, 17424, 18496, 19600, 20736, 21904, 23104, 24336, 25600, 26896, 28224

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

A bisection of A016742. Sequence arises from reading the line from 0, in the direction 0, 16, ... in the square spiral whose vertices are the squares A000290. - Omar E. Pol, May 24 2008

Also, sequence found by reading the line from 0, in the direction 0, 16, ... in the square spiral whose vertices are the generalized decagonal numbers A074377. - Omar E. Pol, Sep 10 2011

Karl-Heinz Hofmann, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000 (first 200 terms from Ivan Panchenko).
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (3,-3,1).

Cf. A000290, A001105, A001539, A016742, A016754, A016814, A016826, A016838, A112628.

Cf. A008598, A074377, A139098, A195146.

a(n) = (4*n)^2; \\ Michel Marcus, Mar 04 2014

def A016802(n): return (4*n)**2 # Karl-Heinz Hofmann, Sep 11 2024

a(n) = 16*n^2 = 16*A000290(n). - Omar E. Pol, Dec 11 2008
a(n) = 8*A001105(n) = 4*A016742(n) = 2*A139098(n). - Omar E. Pol, Dec 13 2008
a(n) = a(n-1) + 16*(2*n-1) (with a(0)=0). - Vincenzo Librandi, Nov 20 2010
From Amiram Eldar, Jan 25 2021: (Start)
Sum_{n>=1} 1/a(n) = Pi^2/96.
Sum_{n>=1} (-1)^(n+1)/a(n) = Pi^2/192.
Product_{n>=1} (1 + 1/a(n)) = sinh(Pi/4)/(Pi/4).
Product_{n>=1} (1 - 1/a(n)) = sin(Pi/4)/(Pi/4) = 2*sqrt(2)/Pi (A112628). (End)
From Elmo R. Oliveira, Nov 30 2024: (Start)
G.f.: 16*x*(1 + x)/(1-x)^3.
E.g.f.: 16*x*(1 + x)*exp(x).
a(n) = n*A008598(n) = A195146(2*n).
a(n) = 3*a(n-1) - 3*a(n-2) + a(n-3) for n > 2. (End)

A050801 Numbers k such that k^2 is expressible as the sum of two positive cubes in at least one way.

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 4, 24, 32, 81, 98, 108, 168, 192, 228, 256, 312, 375, 500, 525, 588, 648, 671, 784, 847, 864, 1014, 1029, 1183, 1225, 1261, 1323, 1344, 1372, 1536, 1824, 2048, 2187, 2496, 2646, 2888, 2916, 3000, 3993, 4000, 4200, 4225, 4536, 4563, 4644, 4704, 5184, 5324

Offset: 1

Patrick De Geest, Sep 15 1999

Analogous solutions exist for the sum of two identical cubes z^2 = 2*r^3 (e.g., 864^2 = 2*72^3). Values of 'z' are the terms in A033430, values of 'r' are the terms in A001105.
First term whose square can be expressed in two ways is 77976; 77976^2 = 228^3 + 1824^3 = 1026^3 + 1710^3. - Jud McCranie
First term whose square can be expressed in three ways is 3343221000; 3343221000^2 = 279300^3 + 2234400^3 = 790020^3 + 2202480^3 = 1256850^3 + 2094750^3.
First term whose square can be expressed in four ways <= 42794271007595289; 42794271007595289^2 = 14385864402^3 + 122279847417^3 = 55172161278^3 + 118485773289^3 = 64117642953^3 + 116169722214^3 = 96704977369^3 + 97504192058^3.
First term whose square can be expressed in five ways <= 47155572445935012696000; 47155572445935012696000^2 = 94405759361550^3 + 1305070263601650^3 = 374224408544280^3 + 1294899176535720^3 = 727959282778000^3 + 1224915311765600^3 = 857010857812200^3 + 1168192425418200^3 = 1009237516560000^3 + 1061381454915600^3.
After a(1) = 3 this is always composite, because factorization of the polynomial a^3 + b^3 into irreducible components over Z is a^3 + b^3 = (b+a)*(b^2 - ab + b^2). They may be semiprimes, as with 671 = 11 * 61, and 1261 = 13 * 97. The numbers can be powers in various ways, as with 32 = 2^5, 81 = 3^4, 256 = 2^8, 784 = 2^4 * 7^2 , 1225 = 5^2 * 7^2, and 2187 = 3^7. - Jonathan Vos Post, Feb 05 2011
If n is a term then n*b^3 is also a term for any b, e.g., 3 is a term hence 3*2^3 = 24, 3*3^3 = 81 and also 3*4^3 = 192 are terms. Sequence of primitive terms may be of interest. - Zak Seidov, Dec 11 2013
First noncubefree primitive term is 168 = 21*2^3 (21 is not a term of the sequence). - Zak Seidov, Dec 16 2013
From XU Pingya, Apr 10 2021: (Start)
Every triple (a, b, c) (with a^2 = b^3 + c^3) can produce a nontrivial parametric solution (x, y, z) of the Diophantine equation x^2 + y^3 + z^3 = d^4.
For example, to (1183, 65, 104), there is such a solution (d^2 - (26968032*d)*t^3 + 1183*8232^3*t^6, (376*d)*t - 65*8232^2*t^4, (92*d)*t - 104*8232^2*t^4).
To (77976, 228, 1824), there is (d^2 - (272916*d)*t^3 + 77976*57^3*t^6, (52*d)*t - 228*57^2*t^4, (74*d)*t - 1824*57^2*t^4).
Or to (77976, 1026, 1719), there is (d^2 - (25992*d)*t^3 + 77976*19^3*t^6, (37*d)*t - 1026*19^2*t^4, (11*d)*t - 1710*19^2*t^4). (End)

			1183^2 = 65^3 + 104^3.

Ian Stewart, "Game, Set and Math", Chapter 8, 'Close Encounters of the Fermat Kind', Penguin Books, Ed. 1991, pp. 107-124.

Chai Wah Wu, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 (terms 1..612 from T. D. Noe, terms 613..1000 from Harry J. Smith)

Cf. A050802, A000404, A033430, A001105, A038597, A050803, A106265, A217248.

A050801 := proc(n)
    option remember ;
    local a,x,y ;
    if n =1 then
        3
    else
        for a from procname(n-1)+1 do
            for x from 1 do
                if x^3 >= a^2 then
                    break ;
                end if;
                for y from 1 to x do
                    if x^3+y^3 = a^2 then
                        return a ;
                    end if;
                end do:
            end do:
        end do:
    end if;
end proc:
seq(A050801(n),n=1..20) ; # R. J. Mathar, Jan 22 2025

Select[Range[5350], Reduce[0 < x <= y && #^2 == x^3 + y^3, {x,y}, Integers] =!= False &] (* Jean-François Alcover, Mar 30 2011 *)
Sqrt[#]&/@Union[Select[Total/@(Tuples[Range[500],2]^3),IntegerQ[ Sqrt[ #]]&]] (* Harvey P. Dale, Mar 06 2012 *)
Select[Range@ 5400, Length@ DeleteCases[PowersRepresentations[#^2, 2, 3], w_ /; Times @@ w == 0] > 0 &] (* Michael De Vlieger, May 20 2017 *)

is(n)=my(N=n^2); for(k=sqrtnint(N\2,3),sqrtnint(N-1,3), if(ispower(N-k^3,3), return(n>1))); 0 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Dec 13 2013

a(n) = sqrt(A050802(n)). - Jonathan Sondow, Oct 28 2013

More terms from Michel ten Voorde and Jud McCranie

cp's OEIS Frontend

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A122542 Triangle T(n,k), 0 <= k <= n, read by rows, given by [0, 2, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ...] DELTA [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ...] where DELTA is the operator defined in A084938.

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A345958 Numbers whose prime indices have reverse-alternating sum 1.

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A132592 X-values of solutions to the equation X(X + 1) - 8Y^2 = 0.

A069894 Centered square numbers: a(n) = 4n^2 + 4n + 2.