cp's OEIS Frontend

Leibniz's series: Pi/4 = Sum_{n>=0} (-1)^n/(2n+1) (cf. A072172).

Beginning of the ordering of the natural numbers used in Sharkovski's theorem - see the Cielsielski-Pogoda paper.

The Sharkovski ordering begins with the odd numbers >= 3, then twice these numbers, then 4 times them, then 8 times them, etc., ending with the powers of 2 in decreasing order, ending with 2^0 = 1.

Apart from initial term(s), dimension of the space of weight 2n cusp forms for Gamma_0(6).

Also continued fraction for coth(1) (A073747 is decimal expansion). - Rick L. Shepherd, Aug 07 2002

a(1) = 1; a(n) is the smallest number such that a(n) + a(i) is composite for all i = 1 to n-1. - Amarnath Murthy, Jul 14 2003

Smallest number greater than n, not a multiple of n, but containing it in binary representation. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 06 2003

Numbers n such that phi(2n) = phi(n), where phi is Euler's totient (A000010). - Lekraj Beedassy, Aug 27 2004

Pi*sqrt(2)/4 = Sum_{n>=0} (-1)^floor(n/2)/(2n+1) = 1 + 1/3 - 1/5 - 1/7 + 1/9 + 1/11 ... [since periodic f(x)=x over -Pi < x < Pi = 2(sin(x)/1 - sin(2x)/2 + sin(3x)/3 - ...) using x = Pi/4 (Maor)]. - Gerald McGarvey, Feb 04 2005

For n > 1, numbers having 2 as an anti-divisor. - Alexandre Wajnberg, Oct 02 2005

a(n) = shortest side a of all integer-sided triangles with sides a <= b <= c and inradius n >= 1.

First differences of squares (A000290). - Lekraj Beedassy, Jul 15 2006

The odd numbers are the solution to the simplest recursion arising when assuming that the algorithm "merge sort" could merge in constant unit time, i.e., T(1):= 1, T(n):= T(floor(n/2)) + T(ceiling(n/2)) + 1. - Peter C. Heinig (algorithms(AT)gmx.de), Oct 14 2006

2n-5 counts the permutations in S_n which have zero occurrences of the pattern 312 and one occurrence of the pattern 123. - David Hoek (david.hok(AT)telia.com), Feb 28 2007

For n > 0: number of divisors of (n-1)th power of any squarefree semiprime: a(n) = A000005(A001248(k)^(n-1)); a(n) = A000005(A000302(n-1)) = A000005(A001019(n-1)) = A000005(A009969(n-1)) = A000005(A087752(n-1)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 04 2007

For n > 2, a(n-1) is the least integer not the sum of < n n-gonal numbers (0 allowed). - Jonathan Sondow, Jul 01 2007

A134451(a(n)) = abs(A134452(a(n))) = 1; union of A134453 and A134454. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 27 2007

Numbers n such that sigma(2n) = 3*sigma(n). - Farideh Firoozbakht, Feb 26 2008

a(n) = A139391(A016825(n)) = A006370(A016825(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 17 2008

Number of divisors of 4^(n-1) for n > 0. - J. Lowell, Aug 30 2008

Equals INVERT transform of A078050 (signed - cf. comments); and row sums of triangle A144106. - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 11 2008

Odd numbers(n) = 2*n+1 = square pyramidal number(3*n+1) / triangular number(3*n+1). - Pierre CAMI, Sep 27 2008

A000035(a(n))=1, A059841(a(n))=0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Sep 29 2008

Multiplicative closure of A065091. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 14 2008

a(n) is also the maximum number of triangles that n+2 points in the same plane can determine. 3 points determine max 1 triangle; 4 points can give 3 triangles; 5 points can give 5; 6 points can give 7 etc. - Carmine Suriano, Jun 08 2009

Binomial transform of A130706, inverse binomial transform of A001787(without the initial 0). - Philippe Deléham, Sep 17 2009

Also the 3-rough numbers: positive integers that have no prime factors less than 3. - Michael B. Porter, Oct 08 2009

Or n without 2 as prime factor. - Juri-Stepan Gerasimov, Nov 19 2009

Given an L(2,1) labeling l of a graph G, let k be the maximum label assigned by l. The minimum k possible over all L(2,1) labelings of G is denoted by lambda(G). For n > 0, this sequence gives lambda(K_{n+1}) where K_{n+1} is the complete graph on n+1 vertices. - K.V.Iyer, Dec 19 2009

A176271 = odd numbers seen as a triangle read by rows: a(n) = A176271(A002024(n+1), A002260(n+1)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 13 2010

For n >= 1, a(n-1) = numbers k such that arithmetic mean of the first k positive integers is an integer. A040001(a(n-1)) = 1. See A145051 and A040001. - Jaroslav Krizek, May 28 2010

Union of A179084 and A179085. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jun 28 2010

For n>0, continued fraction [1,1,n] = (n+1)/a(n); e.g., [1,1,7] = 8/15. - Gary W. Adamson, Jul 15 2010

Numbers that are the sum of two sequential integers. - Dominick Cancilla, Aug 09 2010

Cf. property described by Gary Detlefs in A113801: more generally, these numbers are of the form (2*h*n + (h-4)*(-1)^n - h)/4 (h and n in A000027), therefore ((2*h*n + (h-4)*(-1)^n - h)/4)^2 - 1 == 0 (mod h); in this case, a(n)^2 - 1 == 0 (mod 4). Also a(n)^2 - 1 == 0 (mod 8). - Bruno Berselli, Nov 17 2010

A004767 = a(a(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jun 27 2011

A001227(a(n)) = A000005(a(n)); A048272(a(n)) < 0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 21 2012

a(n) is the minimum number of tosses of a fair coin needed so that the probability of more than n heads is at least 1/2. In fact, Sum_{k=n+1..2n+1} Pr(k heads|2n+1 tosses) = 1/2. - Dennis P. Walsh, Apr 04 2012

A007814(a(n)) = 0; A037227(a(n)) = 1. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jun 30 2012

1/N (i.e., 1/1, 1/2, 1/3, ...) = Sum_{j=1,3,5,...,infinity} k^j, where k is the infinite set of constants 1/exp.ArcSinh(N/2) = convergents to barover(N). The convergent to barover(1) or [1,1,1,...] = 1/phi = 0.6180339..., whereas c.f. barover(2) converges to 0.414213..., and so on. Thus, with k = 1/phi we obtain 1 = k^1 + k^3 + k^5 + ..., and with k = 0.414213... = (sqrt(2) - 1) we get 1/2 = k^1 + k^3 + k^5 + .... Likewise, with the convergent to barover(3) = 0.302775... = k, we get 1/3 = k^1 + k^3 + k^5 + ..., etc. - Gary W. Adamson, Jul 01 2012

Conjecture on primes with one coach (A216371) relating to the odd integers: iff an integer is in A216371 (primes with one coach either of the form 4q-1 or 4q+1, (q > 0)); the top row of its coach is composed of a permutation of the first q odd integers. Example: prime 19 (q = 5), has 5 terms in each row of its coach: 19: [1, 9, 5, 7, 3] ... [1, 1, 1, 2, 4]. This is interpreted: (19 - 1) = (2^1 * 9), (19 - 9) = (2^1 * 5), (19 - 5) = (2^1 - 7), (19 - 7) = (2^2 * 3), (19 - 3) = (2^4 * 1). - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 09 2012

A005408 is the numerator 2n-1 of the term (1/m^2 - 1/n^2) = (2n-1)/(mn)^2, n = m+1, m > 0 in the Rydberg formula, while A035287 is the denominator (mn)^2. So the quotient a(A005408)/a(A035287) simulates the Hydrogen spectral series of all hydrogen-like elements. - Freimut Marschner, Aug 10 2013

This sequence has unique factorization. The primitive elements are the odd primes (A065091). (Each term of the sequence can be expressed as a product of terms of the sequence. Primitive elements have only the trivial factorization. If the products of terms of the sequence are always in the sequence, and there is a unique factorization of each element into primitive elements, we say that the sequence has unique factorization. So, e.g., the composite numbers do not have unique factorization, because for example 36 = 4*9 = 6*6 has two distinct factorizations.) - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Sep 28 2013

These are also numbers k such that (k^k+1)/(k+1) is an integer. - Derek Orr, May 22 2014

a(n-1) gives the number of distinct sums in the direct sum {1,2,3,..,n} + {1,2,3,..,n}. For example, {1} + {1} has only one possible sum so a(0) = 1. {1,2} + {1,2} has three distinct possible sums {2,3,4} so a(1) = 3. {1,2,3} + {1,2,3} has 5 distinct possible sums {2,3,4,5,6} so a(2) = 5. - Derek Orr, Nov 22 2014

The number of partitions of 4*n into at most 2 parts. - Colin Barker, Mar 31 2015

a(n) is representable as a sum of two but no fewer consecutive nonnegative integers, e.g., 1 = 0 + 1, 3 = 1 + 2, 5 = 2 + 3, etc. (see A138591). - Martin Renner, Mar 14 2016

Unique solution a( ) of the complementary equation a(n) = a(n-1)^2 - a(n-2)*b(n-1), where a(0) = 1, a(1) = 3, and a( ) and b( ) are increasing complementary sequences. - Clark Kimberling, Nov 21 2017

Also the number of maximal and maximum cliques in the n-centipede graph. - Eric W. Weisstein, Dec 01 2017

Lexicographically earliest sequence of distinct positive integers such that the average of any number of consecutive terms is always an integer. (For opposite property see A042963.) - Ivan Neretin, Dec 21 2017

Maximum number of non-intersecting line segments between vertices of a convex (n+2)-gon. - Christoph B. Kassir, Oct 21 2022

a(n) is the number of parking functions of size n+1 avoiding the patterns 123, 132, and 231. - Lara Pudwell, Apr 10 2023

For n > 3, the number of squares on the infinite 3-column half-strip chessboard at <= n knight moves from any fixed point on the short edge.

Second differences of A000578. - Cecilia Rossiter (cecilia(AT)noticingnumbers.net), Dec 15 2004

A008615(a(n)) = n. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 27 2008

A157176(a(n)) = A001018(n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 24 2009

These numbers can be written as the sum of four cubes (i.e., 6*n = (n+1)^3 + (n-1)^3 + (-n)^3 + (-n)^3). - Arkadiusz Wesolowski, Aug 09 2013

A122841(a(n)) > 0 for n > 0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 10 2013

Surface area of a cube with side sqrt(n). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Aug 24 2014

a(n) is representable as a sum of three but not two consecutive nonnegative integers, e.g., 6 = 1 + 2 + 3, 12 = 3 + 4 + 5, 18 = 5 + 6 + 7, etc. (see A138591). - Martin Renner, Mar 14 2016 (Corrected by David A. Corneth, Aug 12 2016)

Numbers with three consecutive divisors: for some k, each of k, k+1, and k+2 divide n. - Charles R Greathouse IV, May 16 2016

Numbers k for which {phi(k),phi(2k),phi(3k)} is an arithmetic progression. - Ivan Neretin, Aug 12 2016

a(n) is the length signature of a string plus its length.

The positive members of this sequence are exactly the numbers that can be expressed as the sum of two or more consecutive positive integers (cf. A138591). - David Wasserman, Jan 24 2002

Starting at 3, these are the positions of the data bits in the single-error-correcting Hamming code.

Except for the offset 0, sequence corresponds to numbers with at least an odd divisor > 1 (For largest odd divisor see A000265). - Lekraj Beedassy, Apr 12 2005

These are exactly the numbers n with the property that, given the n(n-1)/2 sums of pairs, the original numbers can be recovered uniquely. [Nick Reingold, see Winkler reference.]

Subsequence of A158581; A000120(a(n)) > 1. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 16 2009

Range of A140977. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 15 2010

A209229(a(n)) = 0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 07 2012

A001227(a(n)) > 1. - Reinhard Zumkeller, May 01 2012

Numbers that can be expressed as the sum of at least two consecutive integers; numbers that can be expressed as the difference of two nonconsecutive triangular numbers. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 27 2012

Except for the 1st term 0, these are the integers k such that 2*(2*k-1) divides binomial(2*k-1,k). See Ihringer & Kupavskii. - Michel Marcus, Oct 02 2017

From Omar E. Pol, Feb 24 2014: (Start)

Also the odd noncomposite numbers (A006005) and the powers of 2 with positive exponent, in increasing order.

If a(n) is composite and a(n) - a(n-1) = 1 then a(n-1) is a Mersenne prime (A000668), hence a(n-1)*a(n)/2 is a perfect number (A000396) and a(n-1)*a(n) equals the sum of divisors of a(n-1)*a(n)/2.

If a(n) is even and a(n+1) - a(n) = 1 then a(n+1) is a Fermat prime (A019434). (End)

Numbers divisible by 2 but not by 3 or 4. - Robert Israel, Apr 24 2015

For n > 1, a(n) is representable as a sum of four but no fewer consecutive nonnegative integers, i.e., 10 = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4, 14 = 2 + 3 + 4 + 5, 22 = 4 + 5 + 6 + 7, etc. (see A138591). - Martin Renner, Mar 14 2016

Essentially the same as A063221. - Omar E. Pol, Aug 16 2023

Number of nontrivial ways to write n as sum of at least 2 consecutive integers. That is, we are not counting the trivial solution n=n. E.g., a(9)=2 because 9 = 4 + 5 and 9 = 2 + 3 + 4. a(8)=0 because there are no integers m and k such that m + (m+1) + ... + (m+k-1) = 8 apart from k=1, m=8. - Alfred Heiligenbrunner, Jun 07 2004

Also number of sums of sequences of consecutive positive integers excluding sequences of length 1 (e.g., 9 = 2+3+4 or 4+5 so a(9)=2). (Useful for cribbage players.) - Michael Gilleland, Dec 29 2002

Let M be any positive integer. Then a(n) = number of proper divisors of M^n + 1 of the form M^k + 1.

This sequence gives the distinct differences of triangular numbers Ti giving n : n = Ti - Tj; none if n = 2^k. If factor a = n or a > (n/a - 1)/2 : i = n/a + (a - 1)/2; j = n/a - (a+1)/2. Else : i = n/2a + (2a - 1)/2; j = n/2a - (2a - 1)/2. Examples: 7 is prime; 7 = T4 - T2 = (1 + 2 + 3 + 4) - (1 + 2) (a = 7; n/a = 1). The odd factors of 35 are 35, 7 and 5; 35 = T18 - T16 (a = 35) = T8 - T1 (a = 7) = T5 - T7 (a = 5). 144 = T20 - T11 (a = 9) = T49 - T46 (a = 3). - M. Dauchez (mdzzdm(AT)yahoo.fr), Oct 31 2005

Also number of partitions of n into the form 1 + 2 + ...( k - 1) + k + k + ... + k for some k >= 2. Example: a(9) = 2 because we have [2, 2, 2, 2, 1] and [3, 3, 2, 1]. - Emeric Deutsch, Mar 04 2006

a(n) is the number of nontrivial runsum representations of n, and is also known as the politeness of n. - Ant King, Nov 20 2010

Also number of nonpowers of 2 dividing n, divided by the number of powers of 2 dividing n, n > 0. - Omar E. Pol, Aug 24 2019

a(n) only depends on the prime signature of A000265(n). - David A. Corneth, May 30 2020, corrected by Charles R Greathouse IV, Oct 31 2021

n is the sum of at most a(n) consecutive positive integers. As suggested by David W. Wilson, Aug 15 2005: Suppose n is to be written as sum of k consecutive integers starting with m, then 2n = k(2m + k - 1). Only one of the factors is odd. For each odd divisor d of n there is a unique corresponding k = min(d,2n/d). a(n) is the largest among those k. - Jaap Spies, Aug 16 2005

The numbers that can be written as a sum of k consecutive positive integers are those in column k of A141419 (as a triangle). - Peter Munn, Mar 01 2019

The numbers that cannot be written as a sum of two or more consecutive positive integers are the powers of 2. So a(n) = 1 iff n = 2^k for k >= 0. - Bernard Schott, Mar 03 2019

Also polite numbers (A138591) that can be expressed as the sum of two or more consecutive integers in more than one ways. For example 9=4+5 and 9=2+3+4. Also 15=7+8, 15=4+5+6 and 15=1+2+3+4+5. - Jayanta Basu, Apr 30 2013

Numbers are listed without multiplicity: 365 is the first term that is the sum of two or more squares in more than one way. See A062681 for other numbers of that form. - M. F. Hasler, Dec 22 2013

A subsequence of A212016. This sequence focuses on the squares of consecutive positive integers. - Altug Alkan, Dec 24 2015

Zeros occur where no number of consecutive integers can be summed to make n; This only happens where n is an even power of two, or zero itself.

Entries where this sequence is nonzero are in A138591.