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This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

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A000142 Factorial numbers: n! = 1*2*3*4*...*n (order of symmetric group S_n, number of permutations of n letters).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, 720, 5040, 40320, 362880, 3628800, 39916800, 479001600, 6227020800, 87178291200, 1307674368000, 20922789888000, 355687428096000, 6402373705728000, 121645100408832000, 2432902008176640000, 51090942171709440000, 1124000727777607680000
Offset: 0

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Author

N. J. A. Sloane

Keywords

Comments

The earliest publication that discusses this sequence appears to be the Sepher Yezirah [Book of Creation], circa AD 300. (See Knuth, also the Zeilberger link.) - N. J. A. Sloane, Apr 07 2014
For n >= 1, a(n) is the number of n X n (0,1) matrices with each row and column containing exactly one entry equal to 1.
This sequence is the BinomialMean transform of A000354. (See A075271 for definition.) - John W. Layman, Sep 12 2002 [This is easily verified from the Paul Barry formula for A000354, by interchanging summations and using the formula: Sum_k (-1)^k C(n-i, k) = KroneckerDelta(i,n). - David Callan, Aug 31 2003]
Number of distinct subsets of T(n-1) elements with 1 element A, 2 elements B, ..., n - 1 elements X (e.g., at n = 5, we consider the distinct subsets of ABBCCCDDDD and there are 5! = 120). - Jon Perry, Jun 12 2003
n! is the smallest number with that prime signature. E.g., 720 = 2^4 * 3^2 * 5. - Amarnath Murthy, Jul 01 2003
a(n) is the permanent of the n X n matrix M with M(i, j) = 1. - Philippe Deléham, Dec 15 2003
Given n objects of distinct sizes (e.g., areas, volumes) such that each object is sufficiently large to simultaneously contain all previous objects, then n! is the total number of essentially different arrangements using all n objects. Arbitrary levels of nesting of objects are permitted within arrangements. (This application of the sequence was inspired by considering leftover moving boxes.) If the restriction exists that each object is able or permitted to contain at most one smaller (but possibly nested) object at a time, the resulting sequence begins 1,2,5,15,52 (Bell Numbers?). Sets of nested wooden boxes or traditional nested Russian dolls come to mind here. - Rick L. Shepherd, Jan 14 2004
From Michael Somos, Mar 04 2004; edited by M. F. Hasler, Jan 02 2015: (Start)
Stirling transform of [2, 2, 6, 24, 120, ...] is A052856 = [2, 2, 4, 14, 76, ...].
Stirling transform of [1, 2, 6, 24, 120, ...] is A000670 = [1, 3, 13, 75, ...].
Stirling transform of [0, 2, 6, 24, 120, ...] is A052875 = [0, 2, 12, 74, ...].
Stirling transform of [1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, ...] is A000629 = [1, 2, 6, 26, ...].
Stirling transform of [0, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, ...] is A002050 = [0, 1, 5, 25, 140, ...].
Stirling transform of (A165326*A089064)(1...) = [1, 0, 1, -1, 8, -26, 194, ...] is [1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, ...] (this sequence). (End)
First Eulerian transform of 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1... The first Eulerian transform transforms a sequence s to a sequence t by the formula t(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} e(n, k)s(k), where e(n, k) is a first-order Eulerian number [A008292]. - Ross La Haye, Feb 13 2005
Conjecturally, 1, 6, and 120 are the only numbers which are both triangular and factorial. - Christopher M. Tomaszewski (cmt1288(AT)comcast.net), Mar 30 2005
n! is the n-th finite difference of consecutive n-th powers. E.g., for n = 3, [0, 1, 8, 27, 64, ...] -> [1, 7, 19, 37, ...] -> [6, 12, 18, ...] -> [6, 6, ...]. - Bryan Jacobs (bryanjj(AT)gmail.com), Mar 31 2005
a(n+1) = (n+1)! = 1, 2, 6, ... has e.g.f. 1/(1-x)^2. - Paul Barry, Apr 22 2005
Write numbers 1 to n on a circle. Then a(n) = sum of the products of all n - 2 adjacent numbers. E.g., a(5) = 1*2*3 + 2*3*4 + 3*4*5 + 4*5*1 +5*1*2 = 120. - Amarnath Murthy, Jul 10 2005
The number of chains of maximal length in the power set of {1, 2, ..., n} ordered by the subset relation. - Rick L. Shepherd, Feb 05 2006
The number of circular permutations of n letters for n >= 0 is 1, 1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, 720, 5040, 40320, ... - Xavier Noria (fxn(AT)hashref.com), Jun 04 2006
a(n) is the number of deco polyominoes of height n (n >= 1; see definitions in the Barcucci et al. references). - Emeric Deutsch, Aug 07 2006
a(n) is the number of partition tableaux of size n. See Steingrimsson/Williams link for the definition. - David Callan, Oct 06 2006
Consider the n! permutations of the integer sequence [n] = 1, 2, ..., n. The i-th permutation consists of ncycle(i) permutation cycles. Then, if the Sum_{i=1..n!} 2^ncycle(i) runs from 1 to n!, we have Sum_{i=1..n!} 2^ncycle(i) = (n+1)!. E.g., for n = 3 we have ncycle(1) = 3, ncycle(2) = 2, ncycle(3) = 1, ncycle(4) = 2, ncycle(5) = 1, ncycle(6) = 2 and 2^3 + 2^2 + 2^1 + 2^2 + 2^1 + 2^2 = 8 + 4 + 2 + 4 + 2 + 4 = 24 = (n+1)!. - Thomas Wieder, Oct 11 2006
a(n) is the number of set partitions of {1, 2, ..., 2n - 1, 2n} into blocks of size 2 (perfect matchings) in which each block consists of one even and one odd integer. For example, a(3) = 6 counts 12-34-56, 12-36-45, 14-23-56, 14-25-36, 16-23-45, 16-25-34. - David Callan, Mar 30 2007
Consider the multiset M = [1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, ...] = [1, 2, 2, ..., n x 'n'] and form the set U (where U is a set in the strict sense) of all subsets N (where N may be a multiset again) of M. Then the number of elements |U| of U is equal to (n+1)!. E.g. for M = [1, 2, 2] we get U = [[], [2], [2, 2], [1], [1, 2], [1, 2, 2]] and |U| = 3! = 6. This observation is a more formal version of the comment given already by Rick L. Shepherd, Jan 14 2004. - Thomas Wieder, Nov 27 2007
For n >= 1, a(n) = 1, 2, 6, 24, ... are the positions corresponding to the 1's in decimal expansion of Liouville's constant (A012245). - Paul Muljadi, Apr 15 2008
Triangle A144107 has n! for row sums (given n > 0) with right border n! and left border A003319, the INVERTi transform of (1, 2, 6, 24, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 11 2008
Equals INVERT transform of A052186 and row sums of triangle A144108. - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 11 2008
From Abdullahi Umar, Oct 12 2008: (Start)
a(n) is also the number of order-decreasing full transformations (of an n-chain).
a(n-1) is also the number of nilpotent order-decreasing full transformations (of an n-chain). (End)
n! is also the number of optimal broadcast schemes in the complete graph K_{n}, equivalent to the number of binomial trees embedded in K_{n} (see Calin D. Morosan, Information Processing Letters, 100 (2006), 188-193). - Calin D. Morosan (cd_moros(AT)alumni.concordia.ca), Nov 28 2008
Let S_{n} denote the n-star graph. The S_{n} structure consists of n S_{n-1} structures. This sequence gives the number of edges between the vertices of any two specified S_{n+1} structures in S_{n+2} (n >= 1). - K.V.Iyer, Mar 18 2009
Chromatic invariant of the sun graph S_{n-2}.
It appears that a(n+1) is the inverse binomial transform of A000255. - Timothy Hopper, Aug 20 2009
a(n) is also the determinant of a square matrix, An, whose coefficients are the reciprocals of beta function: a{i, j} = 1/beta(i, j), det(An) = n!. - Enrique Pérez Herrero, Sep 21 2009
The asymptotic expansions of the exponential integrals E(x, m = 1, n = 1) ~ exp(-x)/x*(1 - 1/x + 2/x^2 - 6/x^3 + 24/x^4 + ...) and E(x, m = 1, n = 2) ~ exp(-x)/x*(1 - 2/x + 6/x^2 - 24/x^3 + ...) lead to the factorial numbers. See A163931 and A130534 for more information. - Johannes W. Meijer, Oct 20 2009
Satisfies A(x)/A(x^2), A(x) = A173280. - Gary W. Adamson, Feb 14 2010
a(n) = G^n where G is the geometric mean of the first n positive integers. - Jaroslav Krizek, May 28 2010
Increasing colored 1-2 trees with choice of two colors for the rightmost branch of nonleaves. - Wenjin Woan, May 23 2011
Number of necklaces with n labeled beads of 1 color. - Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 22 2011
The sequence 1!, (2!)!, ((3!)!)!, (((4!)!)!)!, ..., ((...(n!)!)...)! (n times) grows too rapidly to have its own entry. See Hofstadter.
The e.g.f. of 1/a(n) = 1/n! is BesselI(0, 2*sqrt(x)). See Abramowitz-Stegun, p. 375, 9.3.10. - Wolfdieter Lang, Jan 09 2012
a(n) is the length of the n-th row which is the sum of n-th row in triangle A170942. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 29 2012
Number of permutations of elements 1, 2, ..., n + 1 with a fixed element belonging to a cycle of length r does not depend on r and equals a(n). - Vladimir Shevelev, May 12 2012
a(n) is the number of fixed points in all permutations of 1, ..., n: in all n! permutations, 1 is first exactly (n-1)! times, 2 is second exactly (n-1)! times, etc., giving (n-1)!*n = n!. - Jon Perry, Dec 20 2012
For n >= 1, a(n-1) is the binomial transform of A000757. See Moreno-Rivera. - Luis Manuel Rivera Martínez, Dec 09 2013
Each term is divisible by its digital root (A010888). - Ivan N. Ianakiev, Apr 14 2014
For m >= 3, a(m-2) is the number hp(m) of acyclic Hamiltonian paths in a simple graph with m vertices, which is complete except for one missing edge. For m < 3, hp(m)=0. - Stanislav Sykora, Jun 17 2014
a(n) is the number of increasing forests with n nodes. - Brad R. Jones, Dec 01 2014
The factorial numbers can be calculated by means of the recurrence n! = (floor(n/2)!)^2 * sf(n) where sf(n) are the swinging factorials A056040. This leads to an efficient algorithm if sf(n) is computed via prime factorization. For an exposition of this algorithm see the link below. - Peter Luschny, Nov 05 2016
Treeshelves are ordered (plane) binary (0-1-2) increasing trees where the nodes of outdegree 1 come in 2 colors. There are n! treeshelves of size n, and classical Françon's bijection maps bijectively treeshelves into permutations. - Sergey Kirgizov, Dec 26 2016
Satisfies Benford's law [Diaconis, 1977; Berger-Hill, 2017] - N. J. A. Sloane, Feb 07 2017
a(n) = Sum((d_p)^2), where d_p is the number of standard tableaux in the Ferrers board of the integer partition p and summation is over all integer partitions p of n. Example: a(3) = 6. Indeed, the partitions of 3 are [3], [2,1], and [1,1,1], having 1, 2, and 1 standard tableaux, respectively; we have 1^2 + 2^2 + 1^2 = 6. - Emeric Deutsch, Aug 07 2017
a(n) is the n-th derivative of x^n. - Iain Fox, Nov 19 2017
a(n) is the number of maximum chains in the n-dimensional Boolean cube {0,1}^n in respect to the relation "precedes". It is defined as follows: for arbitrary vectors u, v of {0,1}^n, such that u = (u_1, u_2, ..., u_n) and v = (v_1, v_2, ..., v_n), "u precedes v" if u_i <= v_i, for i=1, 2, ..., n. - Valentin Bakoev, Nov 20 2017
a(n) is the number of shortest paths (for example, obtained by Breadth First Search) between the nodes (0,0,...,0) (i.e., the all-zeros vector) and (1,1,...,1) (i.e., the all-ones vector) in the graph H_n, corresponding to the n-dimensional Boolean cube {0,1}^n. The graph is defined as H_n = (V_n, E_n), where V_n is the set of all vectors of {0,1}^n, and E_n contains edges formed by each pair adjacent vectors. - Valentin Bakoev, Nov 20 2017
a(n) is also the determinant of the symmetric n X n matrix M defined by M(i,j) = sigma(gcd(i,j)) for 1 <= i,j <= n. - Bernard Schott, Dec 05 2018
a(n) is also the number of inversion sequences of length n. A length n inversion sequence e_1, e_2, ..., e_n is a sequence of n integers such that 0 <= e_i < i. - Juan S. Auli, Oct 14 2019
The term "factorial" ("factorielle" in French) was coined by the French mathematician Louis François Antoine Arbogast (1759-1803) in 1800. The notation "!" was first used by the French mathematician Christian Kramp (1760-1826) in 1808. - Amiram Eldar, Apr 16 2021
Also the number of signotopes of rank 2, i.e., mappings X:{{1..n} choose 2}->{+,-} such that for any three indices a < b < c, the sequence X(a,b), X(a,c), X(b,c) changes its sign at most once (see Felsner-Weil reference). - Manfred Scheucher, Feb 09 2022
a(n) is also the number of labeled commutative semisimple rings with n elements. As an example the only commutative semisimple rings with 4 elements are F_4 and F_2 X F_2. They both have exactly 2 automorphisms, hence a(4)=24/2+24/2=24. - Paul Laubie, Mar 05 2024
a(n) is the number of extremely unlucky Stirling permutations of order n+1; i.e., the number of Stirling permutations of order n+1 that have exactly one lucky car. - Bridget Tenner, Apr 09 2024

Examples

			There are 3! = 1*2*3 = 6 ways to arrange 3 letters {a, b, c}, namely abc, acb, bac, bca, cab, cba.
Let n = 2. Consider permutations of {1, 2, 3}. Fix element 3. There are a(2) = 2 permutations in each of the following cases: (a) 3 belongs to a cycle of length 1 (permutations (1, 2, 3) and (2, 1, 3)); (b) 3 belongs to a cycle of length 2 (permutations (3, 2, 1) and (1, 3, 2)); (c) 3 belongs to a cycle of length 3 (permutations (2, 3, 1) and (3, 1, 2)). - _Vladimir Shevelev_, May 13 2012
G.f. = 1 + x + 2*x^2 + 6*x^3 + 24*x^4 + 120*x^5 + 720*x^6 + 5040*x^7 + ...

References

  • M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, National Bureau of Standards Applied Math. Series 55, 1964 (and various reprintings), p. 833.
  • A. T. Benjamin and J. J. Quinn, Proofs that really count: the art of combinatorial proof, M.A.A. 2003, id. 125; also p. 90, ex. 3.
  • Florian Cajori, A History of Mathematical Notations, Dover edition (2012), pars. 448-449.
  • John H. Conway and Richard K. Guy, The Book of Numbers, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1996. See pp. 64-66.
  • Jan Gullberg, Mathematics from the Birth of Numbers, W. W. Norton & Co., NY & London, 1997, §4.1 Symbols Galore, p. 106.
  • Douglas R. Hofstadter, Fluid concepts & creative analogies: computer models of the fundamental mechanisms of thought, Basic Books, 1995, pages 44-46.
  • A. N. Khovanskii. The Application of Continued Fractions and Their Generalizations to Problem in Approximation Theory. Groningen: Noordhoff, Netherlands, 1963. See p. 141 (10.19).
  • D. E. Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming, Vol. 3, Section 5.1.2, p. 23. [From N. J. A. Sloane, Apr 07 2014]
  • J.-M. De Koninck and A. Mercier, 1001 Problèmes en Théorie Classique des Nombres, Problème 693 pp. 90, 297, Ellipses Paris 2004.
  • A. P. Prudnikov, Yu. A. Brychkov, and O. I. Marichev, "Integrals and Series", Volume 1: "Elementary Functions", Chapter 4: "Finite Sums", New York, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 1986-1992.
  • R. W. Robinson, Counting arrangements of bishops, pp. 198-214 of Combinatorial Mathematics IV (Adelaide 1975), Lect. Notes Math., 560 (1976).
  • Sepher Yezirah [Book of Creation], circa AD 300. See verse 52.
  • N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
  • N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
  • Jerome Spanier and Keith B. Oldham, "Atlas of Functions", Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1987, chapter 2, pages 19-24.
  • D. Stanton and D. White, Constructive Combinatorics, Springer, 1986; see p. 91.
  • Carlo Suares, Sepher Yetsira, Shambhala Publications, 1976. See verse 52.
  • David Wells, The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers, Penguin Books, 1987, pp. 102.

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A000165, A001044, A001563, A003422, A009445, A010050, A012245, A033312, A034886, A038507, A047920, A048631.
Factorial base representation: A007623.
Cf. A003319, A052186, A144107, A144108. - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 11 2008
Complement of A063992. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 11 2008
Cf. A053657, A163176. - Jonathan Sondow, Jul 26 2009
Cf. A173280. - Gary W. Adamson, Feb 14 2010
Boustrophedon transforms: A230960, A230961.
Cf. A233589.
Cf. A245334.
A row of the array in A249026.
Cf. A001013 (multiplicative closure).
For factorials with initial digit d (1 <= d <= 9) see A045509, A045510, A045511, A045516, A045517, A045518, A282021, A045519; A045520, A045521, A045522, A045523, A045524, A045525, A045526, A045527, A045528, A045529.
Cf. A000169, A075513, A152917, A258773.

Programs

  • Axiom
    [factorial(n) for n in 0..10]
  • GAP
    List([0..22],Factorial); # Muniru A Asiru, Dec 05 2018
  • Haskell
    a000142 :: (Enum a, Num a, Integral t) => t -> a
a000142 n = product [1 .. fromIntegral n]
a000142_list = 1 : zipWith (*) [1..] a000142_list
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 02 2014, Nov 02 2011, Apr 21 2011
  • Julia
    print([factorial(big(n)) for n in 0:28]) # Paul Muljadi, May 01 2024
  • Magma
    a:= func< n | Factorial(n) >; [ a(n) : n in [0..10]];
  • Maple
    A000142 := n -> n!; seq(n!,n=0..20);
spec := [ S, {S=Sequence(Z) }, labeled ]; seq(combstruct[count](spec,size=n), n=0..20);
# Maple program for computing cycle indices of symmetric groups
M:=6: f:=array(0..M): f[0]:=1: print(`n= `,0); print(f[0]); f[1]:=x[1]: print(`n= `, 1); print(f[1]); for n from 2 to M do f[n]:=expand((1/n)*add( x[l]*f[n-l],l=1..n)); print(`n= `, n); print(f[n]); od:
with(combstruct):ZL0:=[S,{S=Set(Cycle(Z,card>0))},labeled]: seq(count(ZL0,size=n),n=0..20); # Zerinvary Lajos, Sep 26 2007
  • Mathematica
    Table[Factorial[n], {n, 0, 20}] (* Stefan Steinerberger, Mar 30 2006 *)
FoldList[#1 #2 &, 1, Range@ 20] (* Robert G. Wilson v, May 07 2011 *)
Range[20]! (* Harvey P. Dale, Nov 19 2011 *)
RecurrenceTable[{a[n] == n*a[n - 1], a[0] == 1}, a, {n, 0, 22}] (* Ray Chandler, Jul 30 2015 *)
  • PARI
    a(n)=prod(i=1, n, i) \\ Felix Fröhlich, Aug 17 2014
  • PARI
    {a(n) = if(n<0, 0, n!)}; /* Michael Somos, Mar 04 2004 */
  • Python
    for i in range(1, 1000):
    y = i
    for j in range(1, i):
       y *= i - j
    print(y, "\n")
  • Python
    import math
for i in range(1, 1000):
    math.factorial(i)
    print("")
# Ruskin Harding, Feb 22 2013
  • Sage
    [factorial(n) for n in (1..22)] # Giuseppe Coppoletta, Dec 05 2014
  • Scala
    (1: BigInt).to(24: BigInt).scanLeft(1: BigInt)( * ) // Alonso del Arte, Mar 02 2019

Formula

Exp(x) = Sum_{m >= 0} x^m/m!. - Mohammad K. Azarian, Dec 28 2010
Sum_{i=0..n} (-1)^i * i^n * binomial(n, i) = (-1)^n * n!. - Yong Kong (ykong(AT)curagen.com), Dec 26 2000
Sum_{i=0..n} (-1)^i * (n-i)^n * binomial(n, i) = n!. - Peter C. Heinig (algorithms(AT)gmx.de), Apr 10 2007
The sequence trivially satisfies the recurrence a(n+1) = Sum_{k=0..n} binomial(n,k) * a(k)*a(n-k). - Robert FERREOL, Dec 05 2009
D-finite with recurrence: a(n) = n*a(n-1), n >= 1. n! ~ sqrt(2*Pi) * n^(n+1/2) / e^n (Stirling's approximation).
a(0) = 1, a(n) = subs(x = 1, (d^n/dx^n)(1/(2-x))), n = 1, 2, ... - Karol A. Penson, Nov 12 2001
E.g.f.: 1/(1-x). - Michael Somos, Mar 04 2004
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^(n-k)*A000522(k)*binomial(n, k) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^(n-k)*(x+k)^n*binomial(n, k). - Philippe Deléham, Jul 08 2004
Binomial transform of A000166. - Ross La Haye, Sep 21 2004
a(n) = Sum_{i=1..n} ((-1)^(i-1) * sum of 1..n taken n - i at a time) - e.g., 4! = (1*2*3 + 1*2*4 + 1*3*4 + 2*3*4) - (1*2 + 1*3 + 1*4 + 2*3 + 2*4 + 3*4) + (1 + 2 + 3 + 4) - 1 = (6 + 8 + 12 + 24) - (2 + 3 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 12) + 10 - 1 = 50 - 35 + 10 - 1 = 24. - Jon Perry, Nov 14 2005
a(n) = (n-1)*(a(n-1) + a(n-2)), n >= 2. - Matthew J. White, Feb 21 2006
1 / a(n) = determinant of matrix whose (i,j) entry is (i+j)!/(i!(j+1)!) for n > 0. This is a matrix with Catalan numbers on the diagonal. - Alexander Adamchuk, Jul 04 2006
Hankel transform of A074664. - Philippe Deléham, Jun 21 2007
For n >= 2, a(n-2) = (-1)^n*Sum_{j=0..n-1} (j+1)*Stirling1(n,j+1). - Milan Janjic, Dec 14 2008
From Paul Barry, Jan 15 2009: (Start)
G.f.: 1/(1-x-x^2/(1-3x-4x^2/(1-5x-9x^2/(1-7x-16x^2/(1-9x-25x^2... (continued fraction), hence Hankel transform is A055209.
G.f. of (n+1)! is 1/(1-2x-2x^2/(1-4x-6x^2/(1-6x-12x^2/(1-8x-20x^2... (continued fraction), hence Hankel transform is A059332. (End)
a(n) = Product_{p prime} p^(Sum_{k > 0} floor(n/p^k)) by Legendre's formula for the highest power of a prime dividing n!. - Jonathan Sondow, Jul 24 2009
a(n) = A053657(n)/A163176(n) for n > 0. - Jonathan Sondow, Jul 26 2009
It appears that a(n) = (1/0!) + (1/1!)*n + (3/2!)*n*(n-1) + (11/3!)*n*(n-1)*(n-2) + ... + (b(n)/n!)*n*(n-1)*...*2*1, where a(n) = (n+1)! and b(n) = A000255. - Timothy Hopper, Aug 12 2009
Sum_{n >= 0} 1/a(n) = e. - Jaume Oliver Lafont, Mar 03 2009
a(n) = a(n-1)^2/a(n-2) + a(n-1), n >= 2. - Jaume Oliver Lafont, Sep 21 2009
a(n) = Gamma(n+1). - Enrique Pérez Herrero, Sep 21 2009
a(n) = A173333(n,1). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 19 2010
a(n) = A_{n}(1) where A_{n}(x) are the Eulerian polynomials. - Peter Luschny, Aug 03 2010
a(n) = n*(2*a(n-1) - (n-1)*a(n-2)), n > 1. - Gary Detlefs, Sep 16 2010
1/a(n) = -Sum_{k=1..n+1} (-2)^k*(n+k+2)*a(k)/(a(2*k+1)*a(n+1-k)). - Groux Roland, Dec 08 2010
From Vladimir Shevelev, Feb 21 2011: (Start)
a(n) = Product_{p prime, p <= n} p^(Sum_{i >= 1} floor(n/p^i)).
The infinitary analog of this formula is: a(n) = Product_{q terms of A050376 <= n} q^((n)_q), where (n)_q denotes the number of those numbers <= n for which q is an infinitary divisor (for the definition see comment in A037445). (End)
The terms are the denominators of the expansion of sinh(x) + cosh(x). - Arkadiusz Wesolowski, Feb 03 2012
G.f.: 1 / (1 - x / (1 - x / (1 - 2*x / (1 - 2*x / (1 - 3*x / (1 - 3*x / ... )))))). - Michael Somos, May 12 2012
G.f. 1 + x/(G(0)-x) where G(k) = 1 - (k+1)*x/(1 - x*(k+2)/G(k+1)); (continued fraction, 2-step). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Aug 14 2012
G.f.: W(1,1;-x)/(W(1,1;-x) - x*W(1,2;-x)), where W(a,b,x) = 1 - a*b*x/1! + a*(a+1)*b*(b+1)*x^2/2! - ... + a*(a+1)*...*(a+n-1)*b*(b+1)*...*(b+n-1)*x^n/n! + ...; see [A. N. Khovanskii, p. 141 (10.19)]. - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Aug 15 2012
From Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Dec 26 2012: (Start)
G.f.: A(x) = 1 + x/(G(0) - x) where G(k) = 1 + (k+1)*x - x*(k+2)/G(k+1); (continued fraction).
Let B(x) be the g.f. for A051296, then A(x) = 2 - 1/B(x). (End)
G.f.: 1 + x*(G(0) - 1)/(x-1) where G(k) = 1 - (2*k+1)/(1-x/(x - 1/(1 - (2*k+2)/(1-x/(x - 1/G(k+1) ))))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jan 15 2013
G.f.: 1 + x*(1 - G(0))/(sqrt(x)-x) where G(k) = 1 - (k+1)*sqrt(x)/(1-sqrt(x)/(sqrt(x)-1/G(k+1) )); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jan 25 2013
G.f.: 1 + x/G(0) where G(k) = 1 - x*(k+2)/( 1 - x*(k+1)/G(k+1) ); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Mar 23 2013
a(n) = det(S(i+1, j), 1 <= i, j <=n ), where S(n,k) are Stirling numbers of the second kind. - Mircea Merca, Apr 04 2013
G.f.: G(0)/2, where G(k) = 1 + 1/(1 - x*(k+1)/(x*(k+1) + 1/G(k+1))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, May 24 2013
G.f.: 2/G(0), where G(k) = 1 + 1/(1 - 1/(1 - 1/(2*x*(k+1)) + 1/G(k+1))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, May 29 2013
G.f.: G(0), where G(k) = 1 + x*(2*k+1)/(1 - x*(2*k+2)/(x*(2*k+2) + 1/G(k+1))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jun 07 2013
a(n) = P(n-1, floor(n/2)) * floor(n/2)! * (n - (n-2)*((n+1) mod 2)), where P(n, k) are the k-permutations of n objects, n > 0. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 07 2013
a(n) = a(n-2)*(n-1)^2 + a(n-1), n > 1. - Ivan N. Ianakiev, Jun 18 2013
a(n) = a(n-2)*(n^2-1) - a(n-1), n > 1. - Ivan N. Ianakiev, Jun 30 2013
G.f.: 1 + x/Q(0), m=+2, where Q(k) = 1 - 2*x*(2*k+1) - m*x^2*(k+1)*(2*k+1)/( 1 - 2*x*(2*k+2) - m*x^2*(k+1)*(2*k+3)/Q(k+1) ); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Sep 24 2013
a(n) = A245334(n,n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 31 2014
a(n) = Product_{i = 1..n} A014963^floor(n/i) = Product_{i = 1..n} A003418(floor(n/i)). - Matthew Vandermast, Dec 22 2014
a(n) = round(Sum_{k>=1} log(k)^n/k^2), for n>=1, which is related to the n-th derivative of the Riemann zeta function at x=2 as follows: round((-1)^n * zeta^(n)(2)). Also see A073002. - Richard R. Forberg, Dec 30 2014
a(n) ~ Sum_{j>=0} j^n/e^j, where e = A001113. When substituting a generic variable for "e" this infinite sum is related to Eulerian polynomials. See A008292. This approximation of n! is within 0.4% at n = 2. See A255169. Accuracy, as a percentage, improves rapidly for larger n. - Richard R. Forberg, Mar 07 2015
a(n) = Product_{k=1..n} (C(n+1, 2)-C(k, 2))/(2*k-1); see Masanori Ando link. - Michel Marcus, Apr 17 2015
Sum_{n>=0} a(n)/(a(n + 1)*a(n + 2)) = Sum_{n>=0} 1/((n + 2)*(n + 1)^2*a(n)) = 2 - exp(1) - gamma + Ei(1) = 0.5996203229953..., where gamma = A001620, Ei(1) = A091725. - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Nov 01 2016
a(2^n) = 2^(2^n - 1) * 1!! * 3!! * 7!! * ... * (2^n - 1)!!. For example, 16! = 2^15*(1*3)*(1*3*5*7)*(1*3*5*7*9*11*13*15) = 20922789888000. - Peter Bala, Nov 01 2016
a(n) = sum(prod(B)), where the sum is over all subsets B of {1,2,...,n-1} and where prod(B) denotes the product of all the elements of set B. If B is a singleton set with element b, then we define prod(B)=b, and, if B is the empty set, we define prod(B) to be 1. For example, a(4)=(1*2*3)+(1*2)+(1*3)+(2*3)+(1)+(2)+(3)+1=24. - Dennis P. Walsh, Oct 23 2017
Sum_{n >= 0} 1/(a(n)*(n+2)) = 1. - Multiplying the denominator by (n+2) in Jaume Oliver Lafont's entry above creates a telescoping sum. - Fred Daniel Kline, Nov 08 2020
O.g.f.: Sum_{k >= 0} k!*x^k = Sum_{k >= 0} (k+y)^k*x^k/(1 + (k+y)*x)^(k+1) for arbitrary y. - Peter Bala, Mar 21 2022
E.g.f.: 1/(1 + LambertW(-x*exp(-x))) = 1/(1-x), see A258773. -(1/x)*substitute(z = x*exp(-x), z*(d/dz)LambertW(-z)) = 1/(1 - x). See A075513. Proof: Use the compositional inverse (x*exp(-x))^[-1] = -LambertW(-z). See A000169 or A152917, and Richard P. Stanley: Enumerative Combinatorics, vol. 2, p. 37, eq. (5.52). - Wolfdieter Lang, Oct 17 2022
Sum_{k >= 1} 1/10^a(k) = A012245 (Liouville constant). - Bernard Schott, Dec 18 2022
From David Ulgenes, Sep 19 2023: (Start)
1/a(n) = (e/(2*Pi*n)*Integral_{x=-oo..oo} cos(x-n*arctan(x))/(1+x^2)^(n/2) dx). Proof: take the real component of Laplace's integral for 1/Gamma(x).
a(n) = Integral_{x=0..1} e^(-t)*LerchPhi(1/e, -n, t) dt. Proof: use the relationship Gamma(x+1) = Sum_{n >= 0} Integral_{t=n..n+1} e^(-t)t^x dt = Sum_{n >= 0} Integral_{t=0..1} e^(-(t+n))(t+n)^x dt and interchange the order of summation and integration.
Conjecture: a(n) = 1/(2*Pi)*Integral_{x=-oo..oo}(n+i*x+1)!/(i*x+1)-(n+i*x-1)!/(i*x-1)dx. (End)
a(n) = floor(b(n)^n / (floor(((2^b(n) + 1) / 2^n)^b(n)) mod 2^b(n))), where b(n) = (n + 1)^(n + 2) = A007778(n+1). Joint work with Mihai Prunescu. - Lorenzo Sauras Altuzarra, Oct 18 2023
a(n) = e^(Integral_{x=1..n+1} Psi(x) dx) where Psi(x) is the digamma function. - Andrea Pinos, Jan 10 2024
a(n) = Integral_{x=0..oo} e^(-x^(1/n)) dx, for n > 0. - Ridouane Oudra, Apr 20 2024
O.g.f.: N(x) = hypergeometric([1,1], [], x) = LaplaceTransform(x/(1-x))/x, satisfying x^2*N'(x) + (x-1)*N(x) + 1 = 0, with N(0) = 1. - Wolfdieter Lang, May 31 2025

A008904 a(n) is the final nonzero digit of n!.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 6, 4, 2, 2, 4, 2, 8, 8, 8, 6, 8, 2, 8, 8, 6, 8, 2, 4, 4, 8, 4, 6, 4, 4, 8, 4, 6, 8, 8, 6, 8, 2, 2, 2, 4, 2, 8, 2, 2, 4, 2, 8, 6, 6, 2, 6, 4, 2, 2, 4, 2, 8, 4, 4, 8, 4, 6, 6, 6, 2, 6, 4, 6, 6, 2, 6, 4, 8, 8, 6, 8, 2, 4, 4, 8, 4, 6, 8, 8, 6, 8, 2, 2, 2, 4, 2, 8, 2, 2, 4, 2, 8, 6, 6, 2, 6
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Russ Cox

Keywords

Comments

This sequence is not ultimately periodic. This can be deduced from the fact that the sequence can be obtained as a fixed point of a morphism. - Jean-Paul Allouche, Jul 25 2001
The decimal number 0.1126422428... formed from these digits is a transcendental number; see the article by G. Dresden. The Mathematica code uses Dresden's formula for the last nonzero digit of n!; this is more efficient than simply calculating n! and then taking its least-significant digit. - Greg Dresden, Feb 21 2006
From Robert G. Wilson v, Feb 16 2011: (Start)
(mod 10) == 2 4 6 8
10^
1 4 2 1 1
2 28 23 22 25
3 248 247 260 243
4 2509 2486 2494 2509
5 25026 24999 24972 25001
6 249993 250012 250040 249953
7 2500003 2499972 2499945 2500078
8 25000078 24999872 25000045 25000003
9 249999807 250000018 250000466 249999707 (End)

Examples

			6! = 720, so a(6) = 2.

References

  • J.-P. Allouche and J. Shallit, Automatic Sequences, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2003, p. 202.
  • Gardner, M. "Factorial Oddities." Ch. 4 in Mathematical Magic Show: More Puzzles, Games, Diversions, Illusions and Other Mathematical Sleight-of-Mind from Scientific American. New York: Vintage, pp. 50-65, 1978
  • S. Kakutani, Ergodic theory of shift transformations, in Proc. 5th Berkeley Symp. Math. Stat. Prob., Univ. Calif. Press, vol. II, 1967, 405-414.
  • Popular Computing (Calabasas, CA), Problem 120, Factorials, Vol. 4 (No. 36, Mar 1976), page PC36-3.

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A008905, A000142, A004154, A034886.
Indices of 2,4,6,8: A045547, A045548, A045549, A045550.
Other bases: A136690, A136691, A136692, A136693, A136694, A136695, A136696, A136697, A136698, A136699, A136700, A136701, A136702.

Programs

  • Haskell
    a008904 n = a008904_list !! n
a008904_list = 1 : 1 : f 2 1 where
   f n x = x' `mod` 10 : f (n+1) x' where
      x' = g (n * x) where
         g m | m `mod` 5 > 0 = m
             | otherwise     = g (m `div` 10)
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 08 2011
  • Mathematica
    f[n_]:=Module[{m=n!},While[Mod[m,10]==0,m=m/10];Mod[m,10]]
Table[f[i],{i,0,100}]
f[n_] := Mod[6Times @@ (Rest[FoldList[{ 1 + #1[[1]], #2!2^(#1[[1]]#2)} &, {0, 0}, Reverse[IntegerDigits[n, 5]]]]), 10][[2]]; Join[{1, 1}, Table[f[n], {n, 2, 100}]] (* program contributed by Jacob A. Siehler, Greg Dresden, Feb 21 2006 *)
zOF[n_Integer?Positive] := Module[{maxpow=0}, While[5^maxpow<=n,maxpow++]; Plus@@Table[Quotient[n,5^i], {i,maxpow-1}]]; Flatten[Table[ Take[ IntegerDigits[ n!], {-zOF[n]-1}],{n,100}]] (* Harvey P. Dale, Dec 16 2010 *)
f[n_]:=Block[{id=IntegerDigits[n!, 10]}, While[id[[-1]]==0, id=Most@id]; id[[-1]]]; Table[f@n, {n, 0, 100}] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Sep 07 2017 *)
  • PARI
    a(n) = r=1; while(n>0, r *= Mod(4, 10)^((n\10)%2) * [1, 2, 6, 4, 2, 2, 4, 2, 8][max(n%10, 1)]; n\=5); lift(r) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Nov 05 2010; cleaned up by Max Alekseyev, Jan 28 2012
  • Python
    def a(n):
    if n <= 1: return 1
    return 6*[1,1,2,6,4,4,4,8,4,6][n%10]*3**(n/5%4)*a(n/5)%10
# Maciej Ireneusz Wilczynski, Aug 23 2010
  • Python
    from functools import reduce
from sympy.ntheory.factor_ import digits
def A008904(n): return reduce(lambda x,y:x*y%10,(((6,2,4,8,6,2,4,8,2,4,8,6,6,2,4,8,4,8,6,2)[(a<<2)|(i*a&3)] if i*a else (1,1,2,6,4)[a]) for i, a in enumerate(digits(n,5)[-1:0:-1])),6) if n>1 else 1 # Chai Wah Wu, Dec 07 2023
  • Sage
    def A008904(n):
    # algorithm from David Wilson, http://oeis.org/A008904/a008904b.txt
    if n == 0 or n == 1: return 1
    dd = n.digits(base=5)
    x = sum(i*d for i,d in enumerate(dd))
    y = sum(d for d in dd if d % 2 == 0)/2
    z = 2**((x+y) % 4)
    if z == 1: z = 6
    return z # D. S. McNeil, Dec 09 2010

Formula

The generating function for n>1 is as follows: for n = a_0 + 5*a_1 + 5^2*a_2 + ... + 5^N*a_N (the expansion of n in base-5), then the last nonzero digit of n!, for n>1, is 6*Product_{i=0..N} (a_i)! (2^(i a_i)) mod 10. - Greg Dresden, Feb 21 2006
a(n) = f(n,1,0) with f(n,x,e) = if n < 2 then A010879(x*A000079(e)) else f(n-1, A010879(x)*A132740(n), e+A007814(n)-A112765(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 16 2008
From Washington Bomfim, Jan 09 2011: (Start)
a(0) = 1, a(1) = 1, if n >= 2, with
n represented in base 5 as (a_h, ..., a_1, a_0)_5,
t = Sum_{i = h, h-1, ... , 0} (a_i even),
x = Sum_{i=h, h-1, ... , 1} (Sum_{k=h, h-1, ..., i}(a_i)),
z = (x + t/2) mod 4, and y = 2^z,
a(n) = 6*(y mod 2) + y*(1-(y mod 2)).
For n >= 5, and n mod 5 = 0,
i) a(n) = a(n+1) = a(n+3),
ii) a(n+2) = 2*a(n) mod 10, and
iii) a(n+4) = 4*a(n) mod 10.
For k not equal to 1, a(10^k) = a(2^k). See second Dresden link, and second Bomfim link.
(End)

Extensions

More terms from Greg Dresden, Feb 21 2006

A004152 Sum of digits of n!.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 6, 6, 3, 9, 9, 9, 27, 27, 36, 27, 27, 45, 45, 63, 63, 54, 45, 54, 63, 72, 99, 81, 72, 81, 108, 90, 126, 117, 135, 108, 144, 144, 144, 171, 153, 108, 189, 189, 144, 189, 180, 216, 207, 216, 225, 234, 225, 216, 198, 279, 279, 261, 279, 333, 270, 288
Offset: 0

Views

Author

N. J. A. Sloane

Keywords

Comments

If n > 5, then 9 divides a(n). - Enrique Pérez Herrero, Mar 01 2009

Examples

			a(5) = 3 because 5! = 120 and 1 + 2 + 0 = 3.
a(6) = 9 because 6! = 720 and 7 + 2 + 0 = 9.

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A000142 (factorial), A007953 (sum of digits), A079584 (same in base 2), A086358 (digital root of n!).
Cf. A066419 (k such that a(k) does not divide k!).

Programs

Formula

Luca shows that a(n) >> log n. In particular, a(n) > log_10 n - log_10 log_10 n. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Dec 27 2011
a(n) < floor(log_10(n)*9/2). - Carmine Suriano, Feb 20 2013
a(n) = A007953(A000142(n)). - Michel Marcus, Sep 18 2014
a(n) < 9*(A034886(n) - A027868(n)). - Enrique Pérez Herrero, Nov 16 2014
Sanna improved Luca's result to a(n) >> log n log log log n. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 30 2015
a(n) = 9*A202708(n), n>=6. - R. J. Mathar, Jul 30 2021

A027869 Number of 0's in n!.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7, 8, 5, 6, 9, 8, 9, 10, 7, 9, 7, 10, 8, 11, 9, 10, 12, 16, 12, 9, 15, 13, 13, 12, 13, 16, 11, 14, 14, 19, 18, 18, 17, 18, 18, 17, 20, 17, 19, 19, 26, 20, 21, 20, 20, 23, 22, 25, 21, 20, 25, 23, 35
Offset: 0

Views

Author

N. J. A. Sloane

Keywords

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A000142, A137579, A137580, A034886.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Table[Count[IntegerDigits[n!], 0], {n, 0, 100}] (* T. D. Noe, Apr 10 2012 *)
DigitCount[Range[0,80]!,10,0] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 08 2020 *)
  • PARI
    a(n)=my(d=digits(n!)); sum(i=1,#d,d[i]==0) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 06 2017
  • Python
    from math import factorial
def a(n): return str(factorial(n)).count('0')
print([a(n) for n in range(74)]) # Michael S. Branicky, Jan 11 2022

Formula

a(n) = A034886(n) - (A079680(n) + A079714(n) + A079684(n) + A079688(n) + A079690(n) + A079691(n) + A079692(n) + A079693(n) + A079694(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 27 2008
A027868(n) <= a(n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 27 2008
Conjecture: a(n) ~ (9*A027868(n) + A034886(n))/10. This formula is based on the assumption that the digits other than trailing zeros are uniformly randomly distributed. - Nicolas Bělohoubek, Jan 11 2022

A137580 Number of distinct digits in decimal representation of n!.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 7, 5, 9, 8, 8, 9, 7, 7, 10, 9, 8, 9, 10, 8, 9, 9, 10, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 9, 10, 10, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 27 2008

Keywords

Examples

			n=12: 12! = 479001600 => a(12) = #{0,1,4,6,7,9} = 6.

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A137577, A137578.
Cf. A034886.

Programs

  • Haskell
    import Data.List (nub, sort)
a137580 = length . nub . show . a000142
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 08 2012
  • Mathematica
    Map[Length[Union[IntegerDigits[#]]] &, Table[n!, {n, 0, 79}]] (* Geoffrey Critzer, May 25 2013 *)
  • PARI
    A137580(n)=#Set(digits(n!)) \\ M. F. Hasler, May 04 2015

Formula

a(n) = A043537(A000142(n)).
a(n) < 10 iff A137579(n) = 0.
a(A182049(n)) < 10. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 08 2012

A079692 Number of 7's in n!.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 0, 1, 2, 6, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 3, 0, 4, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 1, 2, 8, 5, 5, 3, 8, 5, 7, 4, 9, 4, 4, 7, 7, 6, 8, 8, 3, 9, 8, 6, 8, 8, 9, 10, 12, 7, 7, 9, 9, 7, 10, 10, 9, 14, 11, 12, 9, 7, 13, 17, 2, 11, 12, 19, 15, 12, 10, 15, 15, 16, 19, 7, 7, 12
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Cino Hilliard, Jan 31 2003

Keywords

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A079714.
Cf. A000142, A137579, A137580.
Cf. A316868.

Programs

  • Maple
    a:= n-> numboccur(7, convert(n!, base, 10)):
seq(a(n), n=0..101);  # Alois P. Heinz, Apr 26 2021
  • PARI
    a(n) = #select(x->(x==7), digits(n!)); \\ Michel Marcus, Apr 26 2021

Formula

a(n) = A034886(n) - (A027869(n) + A079680(n) + A079714(n) + A079684(n) + A079688(n) + A079690(n) + A079691(n) + A079693(n) + A079694(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 27 2008

Extensions

a(78)-a(79) corrected by Georg Fischer, Apr 26 2021

A079680 Number of 1's in n!.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 3, 1, 3, 2, 1, 1, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 2, 5, 7, 2, 4, 4, 4, 7, 3, 6, 6, 6, 4, 6, 7, 4, 10, 4, 5, 7, 10, 3, 2, 5, 5, 4, 7, 10, 6, 8, 3, 8, 9, 12, 5, 5, 8, 11, 9, 7, 6, 6, 16, 13, 9, 7, 7, 11, 15, 8, 9, 13, 10, 15, 13, 8, 14, 14, 12, 11, 12, 13, 16, 11
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Cino Hilliard, Jan 31 2003

Keywords

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A000142, A137579, A137580.

Formula

a(n) = A034886(n) - (A027869(n) + A079714(n) + A079684(n) + A079688(n) + A079690(n) + A079691(n) + A079692(n) + A079693(n) + A079694(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 27 2008

A079684 Number of 3's in n!.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 5, 3, 2, 1, 3, 3, 2, 1, 7, 2, 3, 7, 4, 5, 1, 5, 3, 5, 3, 9, 3, 5, 1, 5, 7, 6, 6, 6, 4, 9, 8, 5, 3, 4, 5, 8, 8, 4, 8, 5, 9, 7, 7, 6, 9, 10, 5, 7, 8, 6, 10, 7, 11, 7, 9, 10, 8, 8, 15, 10, 13, 8, 10, 13, 8, 12, 10, 6, 18, 12, 12, 15, 9, 12
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Cino Hilliard, Jan 31 2003

Keywords

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A079714.
Cf. A000142, A137579, A137580.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    DigitCount[Range[0,100]!,10,3] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 04 2014 *)

Formula

a(n) = A034886(n) - (A027869(n) + A079680(n) + A079714(n) + A079688(n) + A079690(n) + A079691(n) + A079692(n) + A079693(n) + A079694(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 27 2008

Extensions

Corrected by Jason Earls, Jul 06 2003

A079688 Number of 4's in n!.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 4, 3, 1, 1, 0, 3, 4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 3, 6, 2, 5, 4, 3, 3, 4, 3, 7, 3, 5, 7, 6, 6, 13, 8, 8, 7, 10, 4, 4, 8, 10, 8, 16, 10, 7, 13, 6, 5, 10, 7, 7, 13, 11, 11, 10, 4, 13, 13, 16, 10, 8, 15, 14, 10, 18, 6, 13, 12, 17, 12
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Cino Hilliard, Jan 31 2003

Keywords

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A079714.
Cf. A000142, A137579, A137580.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    DigitCount[#,10,4]&/@(Range[0,100]!) (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 30 2015 *)

Formula

a(n) = A034886(n) - (A027869(n) + A079680(n) + A079714(n) + A079684(n) + A079690(n) + A079691(n) + A079692(n) + A079693(n) + A079694(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 27 2008

A079690 Number of 5's in n!.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 4, 3, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 5, 1, 2, 5, 6, 5, 7, 5, 5, 8, 5, 6, 5, 2, 4, 7, 3, 3, 11, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 7, 6, 4, 7, 10, 3, 7, 8, 5, 10, 7, 3, 7, 13, 9, 10, 6, 9, 7, 14, 13, 1, 12, 8, 13, 13, 11, 10, 10, 12, 17, 17, 14, 15, 12
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Cino Hilliard, Jan 31 2003

Keywords

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A027869, A079714.
Cf. A000142, A137579, A137580.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    DigitCount[#,10,5]&/@(Range[0,100]!) (* Harvey P. Dale, Sep 17 2016 *)

Formula

a(n) = A034886(n) - (A027869(n) + A079680(n) + A079714(n) + A079684(n) + A079688(n) + A079691(n) + A079692(n) + A079693(n) + A079694(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 27 2008
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