A051296 -id:A051296 - cp's OEIS frontend

A260530 Coefficients in asymptotic expansion of sequence A051296.

1, 2, 7, 35, 216, 1575, 13243, 126508, 1359437, 16312915, 217277446, 3194459333, 51557948291, 908431129702, 17376289236947, 358847480175063, 7959468559605624, 188702262366570387, 4760773506835189975, 127312428854513811012, 3596091234340397964321

Offset: 0

Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 28 2015

nonn

			A051296(n) / n! ~ 1 + 2/n + 7/n^2 + 35/n^3 + 216/n^4 + 1575/n^5 + 13243/n^6 + ...

Vaclav Kotesovec, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..132
Richard J. Martin, and Michael J. Kearney, Integral representation of certain combinatorial recurrences, Combinatorica: 35:3 (2015), 309-315.

Cf. A051296, A256168, A260491, A260503, A260532, A260578.

nmax = 30; b = CoefficientList[Assuming[Element[x, Reals], Series[E^(2/x)*x^2 / (ExpIntegralEi[1/x] - 2*x*E^(1/x))^2, {x, 0, nmax}]], x]; Flatten[{1, Table[Sum[b[[k+1]]*StirlingS2[n-1, k-1], {k, 1, n}], {n, 1, nmax}]}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 03 2015 *)

a(k) ~ k! / (2 * (log(2))^(k+1)).

A000142 Factorial numbers: n! = 123*4...n (order of symmetric group S_n, number of permutations of n letters).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, 720, 5040, 40320, 362880, 3628800, 39916800, 479001600, 6227020800, 87178291200, 1307674368000, 20922789888000, 355687428096000, 6402373705728000, 121645100408832000, 2432902008176640000, 51090942171709440000, 1124000727777607680000

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

The earliest publication that discusses this sequence appears to be the Sepher Yezirah [Book of Creation], circa AD 300. (See Knuth, also the Zeilberger link.) - N. J. A. Sloane, Apr 07 2014
For n >= 1, a(n) is the number of n X n (0,1) matrices with each row and column containing exactly one entry equal to 1.
This sequence is the BinomialMean transform of A000354. (See A075271 for definition.) - John W. Layman, Sep 12 2002 [This is easily verified from the Paul Barry formula for A000354, by interchanging summations and using the formula: Sum_k (-1)^k C(n-i, k) = KroneckerDelta(i,n). - David Callan, Aug 31 2003]
Number of distinct subsets of T(n-1) elements with 1 element A, 2 elements B, ..., n - 1 elements X (e.g., at n = 5, we consider the distinct subsets of ABBCCCDDDD and there are 5! = 120). - Jon Perry, Jun 12 2003
n! is the smallest number with that prime signature. E.g., 720 = 2^4 * 3^2 * 5. - Amarnath Murthy, Jul 01 2003
a(n) is the permanent of the n X n matrix M with M(i, j) = 1. - Philippe Deléham, Dec 15 2003
Given n objects of distinct sizes (e.g., areas, volumes) such that each object is sufficiently large to simultaneously contain all previous objects, then n! is the total number of essentially different arrangements using all n objects. Arbitrary levels of nesting of objects are permitted within arrangements. (This application of the sequence was inspired by considering leftover moving boxes.) If the restriction exists that each object is able or permitted to contain at most one smaller (but possibly nested) object at a time, the resulting sequence begins 1,2,5,15,52 (Bell Numbers?). Sets of nested wooden boxes or traditional nested Russian dolls come to mind here. - Rick L. Shepherd, Jan 14 2004
From Michael Somos, Mar 04 2004; edited by M. F. Hasler, Jan 02 2015: (Start)
Stirling transform of [2, 2, 6, 24, 120, ...] is A052856 = [2, 2, 4, 14, 76, ...].
Stirling transform of [1, 2, 6, 24, 120, ...] is A000670 = [1, 3, 13, 75, ...].
Stirling transform of [0, 2, 6, 24, 120, ...] is A052875 = [0, 2, 12, 74, ...].
Stirling transform of [1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, ...] is A000629 = [1, 2, 6, 26, ...].
Stirling transform of [0, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, ...] is A002050 = [0, 1, 5, 25, 140, ...].
Stirling transform of (A165326*A089064)(1...) = [1, 0, 1, -1, 8, -26, 194, ...] is [1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, ...] (this sequence). (End)
First Eulerian transform of 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1... The first Eulerian transform transforms a sequence s to a sequence t by the formula t(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} e(n, k)s(k), where e(n, k) is a first-order Eulerian number [A008292]. - Ross La Haye, Feb 13 2005
Conjecturally, 1, 6, and 120 are the only numbers which are both triangular and factorial. - Christopher M. Tomaszewski (cmt1288(AT)comcast.net), Mar 30 2005
n! is the n-th finite difference of consecutive n-th powers. E.g., for n = 3, [0, 1, 8, 27, 64, ...] -> [1, 7, 19, 37, ...] -> [6, 12, 18, ...] -> [6, 6, ...]. - Bryan Jacobs (bryanjj(AT)gmail.com), Mar 31 2005
a(n+1) = (n+1)! = 1, 2, 6, ... has e.g.f. 1/(1-x)^2. - Paul Barry, Apr 22 2005
Write numbers 1 to n on a circle. Then a(n) = sum of the products of all n - 2 adjacent numbers. E.g., a(5) = 1*2*3 + 2*3*4 + 3*4*5 + 4*5*1 +5*1*2 = 120. - Amarnath Murthy, Jul 10 2005
The number of chains of maximal length in the power set of {1, 2, ..., n} ordered by the subset relation. - Rick L. Shepherd, Feb 05 2006
The number of circular permutations of n letters for n >= 0 is 1, 1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, 720, 5040, 40320, ... - Xavier Noria (fxn(AT)hashref.com), Jun 04 2006
a(n) is the number of deco polyominoes of height n (n >= 1; see definitions in the Barcucci et al. references). - Emeric Deutsch, Aug 07 2006
a(n) is the number of partition tableaux of size n. See Steingrimsson/Williams link for the definition. - David Callan, Oct 06 2006
Consider the n! permutations of the integer sequence [n] = 1, 2, ..., n. The i-th permutation consists of ncycle(i) permutation cycles. Then, if the Sum_{i=1..n!} 2^ncycle(i) runs from 1 to n!, we have Sum_{i=1..n!} 2^ncycle(i) = (n+1)!. E.g., for n = 3 we have ncycle(1) = 3, ncycle(2) = 2, ncycle(3) = 1, ncycle(4) = 2, ncycle(5) = 1, ncycle(6) = 2 and 2^3 + 2^2 + 2^1 + 2^2 + 2^1 + 2^2 = 8 + 4 + 2 + 4 + 2 + 4 = 24 = (n+1)!. - Thomas Wieder, Oct 11 2006
a(n) is the number of set partitions of {1, 2, ..., 2n - 1, 2n} into blocks of size 2 (perfect matchings) in which each block consists of one even and one odd integer. For example, a(3) = 6 counts 12-34-56, 12-36-45, 14-23-56, 14-25-36, 16-23-45, 16-25-34. - David Callan, Mar 30 2007
Consider the multiset M = [1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, ...] = [1, 2, 2, ..., n x 'n'] and form the set U (where U is a set in the strict sense) of all subsets N (where N may be a multiset again) of M. Then the number of elements |U| of U is equal to (n+1)!. E.g. for M = [1, 2, 2] we get U = [[], [2], [2, 2], [1], [1, 2], [1, 2, 2]] and |U| = 3! = 6. This observation is a more formal version of the comment given already by Rick L. Shepherd, Jan 14 2004. - Thomas Wieder, Nov 27 2007
For n >= 1, a(n) = 1, 2, 6, 24, ... are the positions corresponding to the 1's in decimal expansion of Liouville's constant (A012245). - Paul Muljadi, Apr 15 2008
Triangle A144107 has n! for row sums (given n > 0) with right border n! and left border A003319, the INVERTi transform of (1, 2, 6, 24, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 11 2008
Equals INVERT transform of A052186 and row sums of triangle A144108. - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 11 2008
From Abdullahi Umar, Oct 12 2008: (Start)
a(n) is also the number of order-decreasing full transformations (of an n-chain).
a(n-1) is also the number of nilpotent order-decreasing full transformations (of an n-chain). (End)
n! is also the number of optimal broadcast schemes in the complete graph K_{n}, equivalent to the number of binomial trees embedded in K_{n} (see Calin D. Morosan, Information Processing Letters, 100 (2006), 188-193). - Calin D. Morosan (cd_moros(AT)alumni.concordia.ca), Nov 28 2008
Let S_{n} denote the n-star graph. The S_{n} structure consists of n S_{n-1} structures. This sequence gives the number of edges between the vertices of any two specified S_{n+1} structures in S_{n+2} (n >= 1). - K.V.Iyer, Mar 18 2009
Chromatic invariant of the sun graph S_{n-2}.
It appears that a(n+1) is the inverse binomial transform of A000255. - Timothy Hopper, Aug 20 2009
a(n) is also the determinant of a square matrix, An, whose coefficients are the reciprocals of beta function: a{i, j} = 1/beta(i, j), det(An) = n!. - Enrique Pérez Herrero, Sep 21 2009
The asymptotic expansions of the exponential integrals E(x, m = 1, n = 1) ~ exp(-x)/x*(1 - 1/x + 2/x^2 - 6/x^3 + 24/x^4 + ...) and E(x, m = 1, n = 2) ~ exp(-x)/x*(1 - 2/x + 6/x^2 - 24/x^3 + ...) lead to the factorial numbers. See A163931 and A130534 for more information. - Johannes W. Meijer, Oct 20 2009
Satisfies A(x)/A(x^2), A(x) = A173280. - Gary W. Adamson, Feb 14 2010
a(n) = G^n where G is the geometric mean of the first n positive integers. - Jaroslav Krizek, May 28 2010
Increasing colored 1-2 trees with choice of two colors for the rightmost branch of nonleaves. - Wenjin Woan, May 23 2011
Number of necklaces with n labeled beads of 1 color. - Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 22 2011
The sequence 1!, (2!)!, ((3!)!)!, (((4!)!)!)!, ..., ((...(n!)!)...)! (n times) grows too rapidly to have its own entry. See Hofstadter.
The e.g.f. of 1/a(n) = 1/n! is BesselI(0, 2*sqrt(x)). See Abramowitz-Stegun, p. 375, 9.3.10. - Wolfdieter Lang, Jan 09 2012
a(n) is the length of the n-th row which is the sum of n-th row in triangle A170942. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 29 2012
Number of permutations of elements 1, 2, ..., n + 1 with a fixed element belonging to a cycle of length r does not depend on r and equals a(n). - Vladimir Shevelev, May 12 2012
a(n) is the number of fixed points in all permutations of 1, ..., n: in all n! permutations, 1 is first exactly (n-1)! times, 2 is second exactly (n-1)! times, etc., giving (n-1)!*n = n!. - Jon Perry, Dec 20 2012
For n >= 1, a(n-1) is the binomial transform of A000757. See Moreno-Rivera. - Luis Manuel Rivera Martínez, Dec 09 2013
Each term is divisible by its digital root (A010888). - Ivan N. Ianakiev, Apr 14 2014
For m >= 3, a(m-2) is the number hp(m) of acyclic Hamiltonian paths in a simple graph with m vertices, which is complete except for one missing edge. For m < 3, hp(m)=0. - Stanislav Sykora, Jun 17 2014
a(n) is the number of increasing forests with n nodes. - Brad R. Jones, Dec 01 2014
The factorial numbers can be calculated by means of the recurrence n! = (floor(n/2)!)^2 * sf(n) where sf(n) are the swinging factorials A056040. This leads to an efficient algorithm if sf(n) is computed via prime factorization. For an exposition of this algorithm see the link below. - Peter Luschny, Nov 05 2016
Treeshelves are ordered (plane) binary (0-1-2) increasing trees where the nodes of outdegree 1 come in 2 colors. There are n! treeshelves of size n, and classical Françon's bijection maps bijectively treeshelves into permutations. - Sergey Kirgizov, Dec 26 2016
Satisfies Benford's law [Diaconis, 1977; Berger-Hill, 2017] - N. J. A. Sloane, Feb 07 2017
a(n) = Sum((d_p)^2), where d_p is the number of standard tableaux in the Ferrers board of the integer partition p and summation is over all integer partitions p of n. Example: a(3) = 6. Indeed, the  partitions of 3 are [3], [2,1], and [1,1,1], having 1, 2, and 1 standard tableaux, respectively; we have 1^2 + 2^2 + 1^2 = 6. - Emeric Deutsch, Aug 07 2017
a(n) is the n-th derivative of x^n. - Iain Fox, Nov 19 2017
a(n) is the number of maximum chains in the n-dimensional Boolean cube {0,1}^n in respect to the relation "precedes". It is defined as follows: for arbitrary vectors u, v of {0,1}^n, such that u = (u_1, u_2, ..., u_n) and v = (v_1, v_2, ..., v_n), "u precedes v" if u_i <= v_i, for i=1, 2, ..., n. - Valentin Bakoev, Nov 20 2017
a(n) is the number of shortest paths (for example, obtained by Breadth First Search) between the nodes (0,0,...,0) (i.e., the all-zeros vector) and (1,1,...,1) (i.e., the all-ones vector) in the graph H_n, corresponding to the n-dimensional Boolean cube {0,1}^n. The graph is defined as H_n = (V_n, E_n), where V_n is the set of all vectors of {0,1}^n, and E_n contains edges formed by each pair adjacent vectors. - Valentin Bakoev, Nov 20 2017
a(n) is also the determinant of the symmetric n X n matrix M defined by M(i,j) = sigma(gcd(i,j)) for 1 <= i,j <= n. - Bernard Schott, Dec 05 2018
a(n) is also the number of inversion sequences of length n. A length n inversion sequence e_1, e_2, ..., e_n is a sequence of n integers such that 0 <= e_i < i. - Juan S. Auli, Oct 14 2019
The term "factorial" ("factorielle" in French) was coined by the French mathematician Louis François Antoine Arbogast (1759-1803) in 1800. The notation "!" was first used by the French mathematician Christian Kramp (1760-1826) in 1808. - Amiram Eldar, Apr 16 2021
Also the number of signotopes of rank 2, i.e., mappings X:{{1..n} choose 2}->{+,-} such that for any three indices a < b < c, the sequence X(a,b), X(a,c), X(b,c) changes its sign at most once (see Felsner-Weil reference). - Manfred Scheucher, Feb 09 2022
a(n) is also the number of labeled commutative semisimple rings with n elements. As an example the only commutative semisimple rings with 4 elements are F_4 and F_2 X F_2. They both have exactly 2 automorphisms, hence a(4)=24/2+24/2=24. - Paul Laubie, Mar 05 2024
a(n) is the number of extremely unlucky Stirling permutations of order n+1; i.e., the number of Stirling permutations of order n+1 that have exactly one lucky car. - Bridget Tenner, Apr 09 2024

			There are 3! = 1*2*3 = 6 ways to arrange 3 letters {a, b, c}, namely abc, acb, bac, bca, cab, cba.
Let n = 2. Consider permutations of {1, 2, 3}. Fix element 3. There are a(2) = 2 permutations in each of the following cases: (a) 3 belongs to a cycle of length 1 (permutations (1, 2, 3) and (2, 1, 3)); (b) 3 belongs to a cycle of length 2 (permutations (3, 2, 1) and (1, 3, 2)); (c) 3 belongs to a cycle of length 3 (permutations (2, 3, 1) and (3, 1, 2)). - _Vladimir Shevelev_, May 13 2012
G.f. = 1 + x + 2*x^2 + 6*x^3 + 24*x^4 + 120*x^5 + 720*x^6 + 5040*x^7 + ...

M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, National Bureau of Standards Applied Math. Series 55, 1964 (and various reprintings), p. 833.
A. T. Benjamin and J. J. Quinn, Proofs that really count: the art of combinatorial proof, M.A.A. 2003, id. 125; also p. 90, ex. 3.
Florian Cajori, A History of Mathematical Notations, Dover edition (2012), pars. 448-449.
John H. Conway and Richard K. Guy, The Book of Numbers, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1996. See pp. 64-66.
Jan Gullberg, Mathematics from the Birth of Numbers, W. W. Norton & Co., NY & London, 1997, §4.1 Symbols Galore, p. 106.
Douglas R. Hofstadter, Fluid concepts & creative analogies: computer models of the fundamental mechanisms of thought, Basic Books, 1995, pages 44-46.
A. N. Khovanskii. The Application of Continued Fractions and Their Generalizations to Problem in Approximation Theory. Groningen: Noordhoff, Netherlands, 1963. See p. 141 (10.19).
D. E. Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming, Vol. 3, Section 5.1.2, p. 23. [From N. J. A. Sloane, Apr 07 2014]
J.-M. De Koninck and A. Mercier, 1001 Problèmes en Théorie Classique des Nombres, Problème 693 pp. 90, 297, Ellipses Paris 2004.
A. P. Prudnikov, Yu. A. Brychkov, and O. I. Marichev, "Integrals and Series", Volume 1: "Elementary Functions", Chapter 4: "Finite Sums", New York, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 1986-1992.
R. W. Robinson, Counting arrangements of bishops, pp. 198-214 of Combinatorial Mathematics IV (Adelaide 1975), Lect. Notes Math., 560 (1976).
Sepher Yezirah [Book of Creation], circa AD 300. See verse 52.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
Jerome Spanier and Keith B. Oldham, "Atlas of Functions", Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1987, chapter 2, pages 19-24.
D. Stanton and D. White, Constructive Combinatorics, Springer, 1986; see p. 91.
Carlo Suares, Sepher Yetsira, Shambhala Publications, 1976. See verse 52.
David Wells, The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers, Penguin Books, 1987, pp. 102.

N. J. A. Sloane, The first 100 factorials: Table of n, n! for n = 0..100
M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, National Bureau of Standards, Applied Math. Series 55, Tenth Printing, 1972 [alternative scanned copy].
L. F. A. Arbogast, Du calcul des dérivations, Strasbourg: Levrault, 1800.
S. B. Akers and B. Krishnamurthy, A group-theoretic model for symmetric interconnection networks, IEEE Trans. Comput., 38(4), April 1989, 555-566.
Masanori Ando, Odd number and Trapezoidal number, arXiv:1504.04121 [math.CO], 2015.
David Applegate and N. J. A. Sloane, Table giving cycle index of S_0 through S_40 in Maple format. [gzipped]
C. Banderier, M. Bousquet-Mélou, A. Denise, P. Flajolet, D. Gardy, and D. Gouyou-Beauchamps, Generating Functions for Generating Trees, Discrete Mathematics 246(1-3), March 2002, pp. 29-55.
Stefano Barbero, Umberto Cerruti, and Nadir Murru, On the operations of sequences in rings and binomial type sequences, Ricerche di Matematica (2018), pp 1-17., also arXiv:1805.11922 [math.NT], 2018.
E. Barcucci, A. Del Lungo, and R. Pinzani, "Deco" polyominoes, permutations and random generation, Theoretical Computer Science, 159, 1996, 29-42.
E. Barcucci, A. Del Lungo, R. Pinzani, and R. Sprugnoli, La hauteur des polyominos dirigés verticalement convexes, Actes du 31e Séminaire Lotharingien de Combinatoire, Publ. IRMA, Université Strasbourg I (1993).
Jean-Luc Baril, Sergey Kirgizov, and Vincent Vajnovszki, Patterns in treeshelves, Discrete Mathematics, Vol. 340, No. 12 (2017), 2946-2954, arXiv:1611.07793 [cs.DM], 2016.
A. Berger and T. P. Hill, What is Benford's Law?, Notices, Amer. Math. Soc., 64:2 (2017), 132-134.
M. Bhargava, The factorial function and generalizations, Amer. Math. Monthly, 107 (Nov. 2000), 783-799.
Natasha Blitvić and Einar Steingrímsson, Permutations, moments, measures, arXiv:2001.00280 [math.CO], 2020.
Henry Bottomley, Illustration of initial terms.
Douglas Butler, Factorials!.
David Callan, Counting Stabilized-Interval-Free Permutations, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 7 (2004), Article 04.1.8.
Peter J. Cameron, Sequences realized by oligomorphic permutation groups, J. Integ. Seqs. Vol. 3 (2000), #00.1.5.
Laura Colmenarejo, Aleyah Dawkins, Jennifer Elder, Pamela E. Harris, Kimberly J. Harry, Selvi Kara, Dorian Smith, and Bridget Eileen Tenner, On the lucky and displacement statistics of Stirling permutations, arXiv:2403.03280 [math.CO], 2024.
CombOS - Combinatorial Object Server, Generate permutations.
Persi Diaconis, The distribution of leading digits and uniform distribution mod 1, Ann. Probability, 5, 1977, 72--81.
Robert M. Dickau, Permutation diagrams.
S. Felsner and H. Weil, Sweeps, arrangements and signotopes, Discrete Applied Mathematics Volume 109, Issues 1-2, 2001, Pages 67-94.
Philippe Flajolet and Robert Sedgewick, Analytic Combinatorics, 2009; see page 18.
J. Françon, Arbres binaires de recherche : propriétés combinatoires et applications, Revue française d'automatique informatique recherche opérationnelle, Informatique théorique, 10 no. 3 (1976), pp. 35-50.
H. Fripertinger, The elements of the symmetric group. [dead link]
H. Fripertinger, The elements of the symmetric group in cycle notation. [dead link]
Joël Gay and Vincent Pilaud, The weak order on Weyl posets, arXiv:1804.06572 [math.CO], 2018.
Shyam Sunder Gupta, Fascinating Factorials, Exploring the Beauty of Fascinating Numbers, Springer (2025) Ch. 16, 411-442.
Ian R. Harris and Ryan P. A. McShane, Counting Tournaments with a Specified Number of Circular Triads, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 27 (2024), Article 24.8.7. See pages 2, 22.
Elizabeth Hartung, Hung Phuc Hoang, Torsten Mütze, and Aaron Williams, Combinatorial generation via permutation languages. I. Fundamentals, arXiv:1906.06069 [cs.DM], 2019.
A. M. Ibrahim, Extension of factorial concept to negative numbers, Notes on Number Theory and Discrete Mathematics, Vol. 19, 2013, 2, 30-42.
INRIA Algorithms Project, Encyclopedia of Combinatorial Structures 20. [dead link]
INRIA Algorithms Project, Encyclopedia of Combinatorial Structures 297. [dead link]
Milan Janjic, Enumerative Formulas for Some Functions on Finite Sets.
Milan Janjic, Determinants and Recurrence Sequences, Journal of Integer Sequences, 2012, Article 12.3.5. - _N. J. A. Sloane_, Sep 16 2012
B. R. Jones, On tree hook length formulas, Feynman rules and B-series, p. 22, Master's thesis, Simon Fraser University, 2014.
Clark Kimberling, Matrix Transformations of Integer Sequences, J. Integer Seqs., Vol. 6, 2003.
Christian Kramp, Élémens d'arithmétique universelle, Cologne: De l'imprimerie de Th. F. Thiriart, 1808.
G. Labelle et al., Stirling numbers interpolation using permutations with forbidden subsequences, Discrete Math. 246 (2002), 177-195.
Wolfdieter Lang, On generalizations of Stirling number triangles, J. Integer Seqs., Vol. 3 (2000), #00.2.4.
John W. Layman, The Hankel Transform and Some of its Properties, J. Integer Sequences, 4 (2001), #01.1.5.
Paul Leyland, Generalized Cullen and Woodall numbers. [Cached copy at the Wayback Machine]
Peter Luschny, Swing, divide and conquer the factorial, (excerpt).
Rutilo Moreno and Luis Manuel Rivera, Blocks in cycles and k-commuting permutations, arXiv:1306:5708 [math.CO], 2013-2014.
Thomas Morrill, Further Development of "Non-Pythagorean" Musical Scales Based on Logarithms, arXiv:1804.08067 [math.HO], 2018.
T. S. Motzkin, Sorting numbers for cylinders and other classification numbers, in Combinatorics, Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 19, AMS, 1971, pp. 167-176. [Annotated, scanned copy]
Norihiro Nakashima and Shuhei Tsujie, Enumeration of Flats of the Extended Catalan and Shi Arrangements with Species, arXiv:1904.09748 [math.CO], 2019.
N. E. Nørlund, Vorlesungen über Differenzenrechnung Springer 1924, p. 98.
R. Ondrejka, 1273 exact factorials, Math. Comp., 24 (1970), 231.
Enrique Pérez Herrero, Beta function matrix determinant Psychedelic Geometry blogspot-09/21/09.
Alexsandar Petojevic, The Function vM_m(s; a; z) and Some Well-Known Sequences, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 5 (2002), Article 02.1.7.
M. Prunescu and L. Sauras-Altuzarra, An arithmetic term for the factorial function, Examples and Counterexamples, Vol. 5 (2024).
Fred Richman, Multiple precision arithmetic (Computing factorials up to 765!). [Cached copy at the Wayback Machine]
Luis Manuel Rivera, Integer sequences and k-commuting permutations, arXiv preprint arXiv:1406.3081 [math.CO], 2014-2015.
David A. Sheppard, The factorial representation of major balanced labelled graphs, Discrete Math., 15(1976), no. 4, 379-388.
Michael Z. Spivey and Laura L. Steil, The k-Binomial Transforms and the Hankel Transform, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 9 (2006), Article 06.1.1.
R. P. Stanley, A combinatorial miscellany.
R. P. Stanley, Recent Progress in Algebraic Combinatorics, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc., 40 (2003), 55-68.
Einar Steingrimsson and Lauren K. Williams, Permutation tableaux and permutation patterns, arXiv:math/0507149 [math.CO], 2005-2006.
A. Umar, On the semigroups of order-decreasing finite full transformations, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 120A (1992), 129-142.
G. Villemin's Almanach of Numbers, Factorielles.
Sage Weil, The First 999 Factorials. [Cached copy at the Wayback Machine]
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Factorial, Gamma Function, Multifactorial, Permutation, Permutation Pattern, Laguerre Polynomial, Diagonal Matrix, Chromatic Invariant.
R. W. Whitty, Rook polynomials on two-dimensional surfaces and graceful labellings of graphs, Discrete Math., 308 (2008), 674-683.
Wikipedia, Factorial.
Doron Zeilberger, King Solomon and Rabbi Ben Ezra's Evaluations of Pi and Patriarch Abraham's Analysis of an Algorithm.
Doron Zeilberger, King Solomon and Rabbi Ben Ezra's Evaluations of Pi and Patriarch Abraham's Analysis of an Algorithm. [Local copy]
Doron Zeilberger and Noam Zeilberger, Two Questions about the Fractional Counting of Partitions, arXiv:1810.12701 [math.CO], 2018.
Index entries for "core" sequences.
Index to divisibility sequences.
Index entries for sequences related to factorial numbers.
Index entries for sequences related to Benford's law.

Cf. A000165, A001044, A001563, A003422, A009445, A010050, A012245, A033312, A034886, A038507, A047920, A048631.
Factorial base representation: A007623.
Cf. A003319, A052186, A144107, A144108. - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 11 2008
Complement of A063992. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 11 2008
Cf. A053657, A163176. - Jonathan Sondow, Jul 26 2009
Cf. A173280. - Gary W. Adamson, Feb 14 2010
Boustrophedon transforms: A230960, A230961.
Cf. A233589.
Cf. A245334.
A row of the array in A249026.
Cf. A001013 (multiplicative closure).
For factorials with initial digit d (1 <= d <= 9) see A045509, A045510, A045511, A045516, A045517, A045518, A282021, A045519; A045520, A045521, A045522, A045523, A045524, A045525, A045526, A045527, A045528, A045529.
Cf. A000169, A075513, A152917, A258773.

Axiom
```
[factorial(n) for n in 0..10]
```

List([0..22],Factorial); # Muniru A Asiru, Dec 05 2018

a000142 :: (Enum a, Num a, Integral t) => t -> a
a000142 n = product [1 .. fromIntegral n]
a000142_list = 1 : zipWith (*) [1..] a000142_list
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 02 2014, Nov 02 2011, Apr 21 2011

print([factorial(big(n)) for n in 0:28]) # Paul Muljadi, May 01 2024

a:= func< n | Factorial(n) >; [ a(n) : n in [0..10]];

A000142 := n -> n!; seq(n!,n=0..20);
spec := [ S, {S=Sequence(Z) }, labeled ]; seq(combstruct[count](spec,size=n), n=0..20);
# Maple program for computing cycle indices of symmetric groups
M:=6: f:=array(0..M): f[0]:=1: print(`n= `,0); print(f[0]); f[1]:=x[1]: print(`n= `, 1); print(f[1]); for n from 2 to M do f[n]:=expand((1/n)*add( x[l]*f[n-l],l=1..n)); print(`n= `, n); print(f[n]); od:
with(combstruct):ZL0:=[S,{S=Set(Cycle(Z,card>0))},labeled]: seq(count(ZL0,size=n),n=0..20); # Zerinvary Lajos, Sep 26 2007

Table[Factorial[n], {n, 0, 20}] (* Stefan Steinerberger, Mar 30 2006 *)
FoldList[#1 #2 &, 1, Range@ 20] (* Robert G. Wilson v, May 07 2011 *)
Range[20]! (* Harvey P. Dale, Nov 19 2011 *)
RecurrenceTable[{a[n] == n*a[n - 1], a[0] == 1}, a, {n, 0, 22}] (* Ray Chandler, Jul 30 2015 *)

a(n)=prod(i=1, n, i) \\ Felix Fröhlich, Aug 17 2014

{a(n) = if(n<0, 0, n!)}; /* Michael Somos, Mar 04 2004 */

for i in range(1, 1000):
    y = i
    for j in range(1, i):
       y *= i - j
    print(y, "\n")

import math
for i in range(1, 1000):
    math.factorial(i)
    print("")
# Ruskin Harding, Feb 22 2013

[factorial(n) for n in (1..22)] # Giuseppe Coppoletta, Dec 05 2014

(1: BigInt).to(24: BigInt).scanLeft(1: BigInt)( * ) // Alonso del Arte, Mar 02 2019

Exp(x) = Sum_{m >= 0} x^m/m!. - Mohammad K. Azarian, Dec 28 2010
Sum_{i=0..n} (-1)^i * i^n * binomial(n, i) = (-1)^n * n!. - Yong Kong (ykong(AT)curagen.com), Dec 26 2000
Sum_{i=0..n} (-1)^i * (n-i)^n * binomial(n, i) = n!. - Peter C. Heinig (algorithms(AT)gmx.de), Apr 10 2007
The sequence trivially satisfies the recurrence a(n+1) = Sum_{k=0..n} binomial(n,k) * a(k)*a(n-k). - Robert FERREOL, Dec 05 2009
D-finite with recurrence: a(n) = n*a(n-1), n >= 1. n! ~ sqrt(2*Pi) * n^(n+1/2) / e^n (Stirling's approximation).
a(0) = 1, a(n) = subs(x = 1, (d^n/dx^n)(1/(2-x))), n = 1, 2, ... - Karol A. Penson, Nov 12 2001
E.g.f.: 1/(1-x). - Michael Somos, Mar 04 2004
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^(n-k)*A000522(k)*binomial(n, k) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^(n-k)*(x+k)^n*binomial(n, k). - Philippe Deléham, Jul 08 2004
Binomial transform of A000166. - Ross La Haye, Sep 21 2004
a(n) = Sum_{i=1..n} ((-1)^(i-1) * sum of 1..n taken n - i at a time) - e.g., 4! = (1*2*3 + 1*2*4 + 1*3*4 + 2*3*4) - (1*2 + 1*3 + 1*4 + 2*3 + 2*4 + 3*4) + (1 + 2 + 3 + 4) - 1 = (6 + 8 + 12 + 24) - (2 + 3 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 12) + 10 - 1 = 50 - 35 + 10 - 1 = 24. - Jon Perry, Nov 14 2005
a(n) = (n-1)*(a(n-1) + a(n-2)), n >= 2. - Matthew J. White, Feb 21 2006
1 / a(n) = determinant of matrix whose (i,j) entry is (i+j)!/(i!(j+1)!) for n > 0. This is a matrix with Catalan numbers on the diagonal. - Alexander Adamchuk, Jul 04 2006
Hankel transform of A074664. - Philippe Deléham, Jun 21 2007
For n >= 2, a(n-2) = (-1)^n*Sum_{j=0..n-1} (j+1)*Stirling1(n,j+1). - Milan Janjic, Dec 14 2008
From Paul Barry, Jan 15 2009: (Start)
G.f.: 1/(1-x-x^2/(1-3x-4x^2/(1-5x-9x^2/(1-7x-16x^2/(1-9x-25x^2... (continued fraction), hence Hankel transform is A055209.
G.f. of (n+1)! is 1/(1-2x-2x^2/(1-4x-6x^2/(1-6x-12x^2/(1-8x-20x^2... (continued fraction), hence Hankel transform is A059332. (End)
a(n) = Product_{p prime} p^(Sum_{k > 0} floor(n/p^k)) by Legendre's formula for the highest power of a prime dividing n!. - Jonathan Sondow, Jul 24 2009
a(n) = A053657(n)/A163176(n) for n > 0. - Jonathan Sondow, Jul 26 2009
It appears that a(n) = (1/0!) + (1/1!)*n + (3/2!)*n*(n-1) + (11/3!)*n*(n-1)*(n-2) + ... + (b(n)/n!)*n*(n-1)*...*2*1, where a(n) = (n+1)! and b(n) = A000255. - Timothy Hopper, Aug 12 2009
Sum_{n >= 0} 1/a(n) = e. - Jaume Oliver Lafont, Mar 03 2009
a(n) = a(n-1)^2/a(n-2) + a(n-1), n >= 2. - Jaume Oliver Lafont, Sep 21 2009
a(n) = Gamma(n+1). - Enrique Pérez Herrero, Sep 21 2009
a(n) = A173333(n,1). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 19 2010
a(n) = A_{n}(1) where A_{n}(x) are the Eulerian polynomials. - Peter Luschny, Aug 03 2010
a(n) = n*(2*a(n-1) - (n-1)*a(n-2)), n > 1. - Gary Detlefs, Sep 16 2010
1/a(n) = -Sum_{k=1..n+1} (-2)^k*(n+k+2)*a(k)/(a(2*k+1)*a(n+1-k)). - Groux Roland, Dec 08 2010
From Vladimir Shevelev, Feb 21 2011: (Start)
a(n) = Product_{p prime, p <= n} p^(Sum_{i >= 1} floor(n/p^i)).
The infinitary analog of this formula is: a(n) = Product_{q terms of A050376 <= n} q^((n)_q), where (n)_q denotes the number of those numbers <= n for which q is an infinitary divisor (for the definition see comment in A037445). (End)
The terms are the denominators of the expansion of sinh(x) + cosh(x). - Arkadiusz Wesolowski, Feb 03 2012
G.f.: 1 / (1 - x / (1 - x / (1 - 2*x / (1 - 2*x / (1 - 3*x / (1 - 3*x / ... )))))). - Michael Somos, May 12 2012
G.f. 1 + x/(G(0)-x) where G(k) = 1 - (k+1)*x/(1 - x*(k+2)/G(k+1)); (continued fraction, 2-step). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Aug 14 2012
G.f.: W(1,1;-x)/(W(1,1;-x) - x*W(1,2;-x)), where W(a,b,x) = 1 - a*b*x/1! + a*(a+1)*b*(b+1)*x^2/2! - ... + a*(a+1)*...*(a+n-1)*b*(b+1)*...*(b+n-1)*x^n/n! + ...; see [A. N. Khovanskii, p. 141 (10.19)]. - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Aug 15 2012
From Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Dec 26 2012: (Start)
G.f.: A(x) = 1 + x/(G(0) - x) where G(k) = 1 + (k+1)*x - x*(k+2)/G(k+1); (continued fraction).
Let B(x) be the g.f. for A051296, then A(x) = 2 - 1/B(x). (End)
G.f.: 1 + x*(G(0) - 1)/(x-1) where G(k) = 1 - (2*k+1)/(1-x/(x - 1/(1 - (2*k+2)/(1-x/(x - 1/G(k+1) ))))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jan 15 2013
G.f.: 1 + x*(1 - G(0))/(sqrt(x)-x) where G(k) = 1 - (k+1)*sqrt(x)/(1-sqrt(x)/(sqrt(x)-1/G(k+1) )); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jan 25 2013
G.f.: 1 + x/G(0) where G(k) = 1 - x*(k+2)/( 1 - x*(k+1)/G(k+1) ); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Mar 23 2013
a(n) = det(S(i+1, j), 1 <= i, j <=n ), where S(n,k) are Stirling numbers of the second kind. - Mircea Merca, Apr 04 2013
G.f.: G(0)/2, where G(k) = 1 + 1/(1 - x*(k+1)/(x*(k+1) + 1/G(k+1))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, May 24 2013
G.f.: 2/G(0), where G(k) = 1 + 1/(1 - 1/(1 - 1/(2*x*(k+1)) + 1/G(k+1))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, May 29 2013
G.f.: G(0), where G(k) = 1 + x*(2*k+1)/(1 - x*(2*k+2)/(x*(2*k+2) + 1/G(k+1))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jun 07 2013
a(n) = P(n-1, floor(n/2)) * floor(n/2)! * (n - (n-2)*((n+1) mod 2)), where P(n, k) are the k-permutations of n objects, n > 0. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 07 2013
a(n) = a(n-2)*(n-1)^2 + a(n-1), n > 1. - Ivan N. Ianakiev, Jun 18 2013
a(n) = a(n-2)*(n^2-1) - a(n-1), n > 1. - Ivan N. Ianakiev, Jun 30 2013
G.f.: 1 + x/Q(0), m=+2, where Q(k) = 1 - 2*x*(2*k+1) - m*x^2*(k+1)*(2*k+1)/( 1 - 2*x*(2*k+2) - m*x^2*(k+1)*(2*k+3)/Q(k+1) ); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Sep 24 2013
a(n) = A245334(n,n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 31 2014
a(n) = Product_{i = 1..n} A014963^floor(n/i) = Product_{i = 1..n} A003418(floor(n/i)). - Matthew Vandermast, Dec 22 2014
a(n) = round(Sum_{k>=1} log(k)^n/k^2), for n>=1, which is related to the n-th derivative of the Riemann zeta function at x=2 as follows: round((-1)^n * zeta^(n)(2)). Also see A073002. - Richard R. Forberg, Dec 30 2014
a(n) ~ Sum_{j>=0} j^n/e^j, where e = A001113. When substituting a generic variable for "e" this infinite sum is related to Eulerian polynomials. See A008292. This approximation of n! is within 0.4% at n = 2. See A255169. Accuracy, as a percentage, improves rapidly for larger n. - Richard R. Forberg, Mar 07 2015
a(n) = Product_{k=1..n} (C(n+1, 2)-C(k, 2))/(2*k-1); see Masanori Ando link. - Michel Marcus, Apr 17 2015
Sum_{n>=0} a(n)/(a(n + 1)*a(n + 2)) = Sum_{n>=0} 1/((n + 2)*(n + 1)^2*a(n)) = 2 - exp(1) - gamma + Ei(1) = 0.5996203229953..., where gamma = A001620, Ei(1) = A091725. - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Nov 01 2016
a(2^n) = 2^(2^n - 1) * 1!! * 3!! * 7!! * ... * (2^n - 1)!!. For example, 16! = 2^15*(1*3)*(1*3*5*7)*(1*3*5*7*9*11*13*15) = 20922789888000. - Peter Bala, Nov 01 2016
a(n) = sum(prod(B)), where the sum is over all subsets B of {1,2,...,n-1} and where prod(B) denotes the product of all the elements of set B. If B is a singleton set with element b, then we define prod(B)=b, and, if B is the empty set, we define prod(B) to be 1. For example, a(4)=(1*2*3)+(1*2)+(1*3)+(2*3)+(1)+(2)+(3)+1=24. - Dennis P. Walsh, Oct 23 2017
Sum_{n >= 0} 1/(a(n)*(n+2)) = 1. - Multiplying the denominator by (n+2) in Jaume Oliver Lafont's entry above creates a telescoping sum. - Fred Daniel Kline, Nov 08 2020
O.g.f.: Sum_{k >= 0} k!*x^k = Sum_{k >= 0} (k+y)^k*x^k/(1 + (k+y)*x)^(k+1) for arbitrary y. - Peter Bala, Mar 21 2022
E.g.f.: 1/(1 + LambertW(-x*exp(-x))) = 1/(1-x), see A258773. -(1/x)*substitute(z = x*exp(-x), z*(d/dz)LambertW(-z)) = 1/(1 - x). See A075513. Proof: Use the compositional inverse (x*exp(-x))^[-1] = -LambertW(-z). See A000169 or A152917, and Richard P. Stanley: Enumerative Combinatorics, vol. 2,  p. 37, eq. (5.52). - Wolfdieter Lang, Oct 17 2022
Sum_{k >= 1} 1/10^a(k) = A012245 (Liouville constant). - Bernard Schott, Dec 18 2022
From David Ulgenes, Sep 19 2023: (Start)
1/a(n) = (e/(2*Pi*n)*Integral_{x=-oo..oo} cos(x-n*arctan(x))/(1+x^2)^(n/2) dx). Proof: take the real component of Laplace's integral for 1/Gamma(x).
a(n) = Integral_{x=0..1} e^(-t)*LerchPhi(1/e, -n, t) dt. Proof: use the relationship Gamma(x+1) = Sum_{n >= 0} Integral_{t=n..n+1} e^(-t)t^x dt = Sum_{n >= 0} Integral_{t=0..1} e^(-(t+n))(t+n)^x dt and interchange the order of summation and integration.
Conjecture: a(n) = 1/(2*Pi)*Integral_{x=-oo..oo}(n+i*x+1)!/(i*x+1)-(n+i*x-1)!/(i*x-1)dx. (End)
a(n) = floor(b(n)^n / (floor(((2^b(n) + 1) / 2^n)^b(n)) mod 2^b(n))), where b(n) = (n + 1)^(n + 2) = A007778(n+1). Joint work with Mihai Prunescu. - Lorenzo Sauras Altuzarra, Oct 18 2023
a(n) = e^(Integral_{x=1..n+1} Psi(x) dx) where Psi(x) is the digamma function. - Andrea Pinos, Jan 10 2024
a(n) = Integral_{x=0..oo} e^(-x^(1/n)) dx, for n > 0. - Ridouane Oudra, Apr 20 2024
O.g.f.: N(x) = hypergeometric([1,1], [], x) = LaplaceTransform(x/(1-x))/x, satisfying x^2*N'(x) + (x-1)*N(x) + 1 = 0, with N(0) = 1. - Wolfdieter Lang, May 31 2025

A003319 Number of connected permutations of [1..n] (those not fixing [1..j] for 0 < j < n). Also called indecomposable permutations, or irreducible permutations.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 3, 13, 71, 461, 3447, 29093, 273343, 2829325, 31998903, 392743957, 5201061455, 73943424413, 1123596277863, 18176728317413, 311951144828863, 5661698774848621, 108355864447215063, 2181096921557783605, 46066653228356851631, 1018705098450570562877

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

Also the number of permutations with no global descents, as introduced by Aguiar and Sottile [Corollaries 6.3, 6.4 and Remark 6.5].
Also the dimensions of the homogeneous components of the space of primitive elements of the Malvenuto-Reutenauer Hopf algebra of permutations. This result, due to Poirier and Reutenauer [Theoreme 2.1] is stated in this form in the work of Aguiar and Sottile [Corollary 6.3] and also in the work of Duchamp, Hivert and Thibon [Section 3.3].
Related to number of subgroups of index n-1 in free group of rank 2 (i.e., maximal number of subgroups of index n-1 in any 2-generator group). See Problem 5.13(b) in Stanley's Enumerative Combinatorics, Vol. 2.
Also the left border of triangle A144107, with row sums = n!. - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 11 2008
Hankel transform is A059332. Hankel transform of aerated sequence is A137704(n+1). - Paul Barry, Oct 07 2008
For every n, a(n+1) is also the moment of order n for the probability density function rho(x) = exp(x)/(Ei(1,-x)*(Ei(1,-x) + 2*I*Pi)) on the interval 0..infinity, with Ei the exponential-integral function. - Groux Roland, Jan 16 2009
Also (apparently), a(n+1) is the number of rooted hypermaps with n darts on a surface of any genus (see Walsh 2012). - N. J. A. Sloane, Aug 01 2012
Also recurrent sequence A233824 (for n > 0) in Panaitopol's formula for pi(x), the number of primes <= x. - Jonathan Sondow, Dec 19 2013
Also the number of mobiles (cyclic rooted trees) with an arrow from each internal vertex to a descendant of that vertex. - Brad R. Jones, Sep 12 2014
Up to sign, Möbius numbers of the shard intersection orders of type A, see Theorem 1.3 in Reading reference. - F. Chapoton, Apr 29 2015
Also, a(n) is the number of distinct leaf matrices of complete non-ambiguous trees of size n. - Daniel Chen, Oct 23 2022

			G.f. = 1 + x + x^2 + 3*x^3 + 13*x^4 + 71*x^5 + 461*x^6 + 3447*x^7 + 29093*x^8 + ...
From _Peter Luschny_, Aug 03 2022: (Start)
A permutation p in [n] (where n >= 0) is reducible if there exists an i in 1..n-1 such that for all j in the range 1..i and all k in the range i+1..n it is true that p(j) < p(k). (Note that a range a..b includes a and b.) If such an i exists we say that i splits the permutation at i.
Examples:
* () is not reducible since there is no index i which splits (). (=> a(0) = 1)
* (1) is not reducible since there is no index i which splits (1). (=> a(1) = 1)
* (1, 2) is reducible since index 1 splits (1, 2) as p(1) < p(2).
* (2, 1) is not reducible since at the only potential splitting point i = 1 we have p(1) > p(2). (=> a(2) = 1)
* For n = 3 we have (1, 2, 3), (1, 3, 2), and (2, 1, 3) are reducible and (2, 3, 1), (3, 1, 2), and (3, 2, 1) are irreducible. (End)

Miklos Bona, editor, Handbook of Enumerative Combinatorics, CRC Press, 2015, page 25, Example 20.
E. W. Bowen, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Aug 27 1976.
L. Comtet, Advanced Combinatorics, Reidel, 1974, pp. 84 (#25), 262 (#14) and 295 (#16).
P. de la Harpe, Topics in Geometric Group Theory, Univ. Chicago Press, 2000, p. 23, N_{n,2}.
I. M. Gessel and R. P. Stanley, Algebraic Enumeration, chapter 21 in Handbook of Combinatorics, Vol. 2, edited by R. L. Graham et al., The MIT Press, Mass, 1995.
M. Kauers and P. Paule, The Concrete Tetrahedron, Springer 2011, p. 22.
H. P. Robinson, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 19 1973.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
R. P. Stanley, Enumerative Combinatorics, Cambridge, Vol. 1, Chap. 1, Ex. 128; Vol. 2, 1999, see Problem 5.13(b).

Seiichi Manyama, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..449 (first 102 terms from T. D. Noe)
Marcelo Aguiar and Frank Sottile, Structure of the Malvenuto-Reutenauer Hopf algebra of permutations, arXiv:math/0203282 [math.CO], 2002-2005.
Marcelo Aguiar and Aaron Lauve, Convolution Powers of the Identity, 25th International Conference on Formal Power Series and Algebraic Combinatorics (FPSAC 2013), 2013, Paris, France. Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science, pp.1053-1064, 2013, DMTCS Proceedings. .
M. Aguiar and A. Lauve, Antipode and Convolution Powers of the Identity in Graded Connected Hopf Algebras, FPSAC 2013 Paris, France DMTCS Proc. AS, 2013, 1083-1094.
M. Aguiar and A. Lauve, The characteristic polynomial of the Adams operators on graded connected Hopf algebras, 2014.
Marcelo Aguiar and Swapneel Mahajan, On the Hadamard product of Hopf monoids, 2013.
Nicolas Andrews, Lucas Gagnon, Félix Gélinas, Eric Schlums, and Mike Zabrocki, When are Hopf algebras determined by integer sequences?, arXiv:2505.06941 [math.CO], 2025. See p. 10.
Joerg Arndt, Generating Random Permutations, PhD thesis, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, (2010).
Joerg Arndt, Matters Computational (The Fxtbook), p. 281
Roland Bacher and Christophe Reutenauer, Number of right ideals and a q-analogue of indecomposable permutations, arXiv preprint arXiv:1511.00426 [math.CO], 2015.
Paul Barry, A note on number triangles that are almost their own production matrix, arXiv:1804.06801 [math.CO], 2018.
Julien Berestycki, Eric Brunet and Zhan Shi, How many evolutionary histories only increase fitness?, arXiv preprint arXiv:1304.0246 [math.PR], 2013.
Daniel Birmajer, Juan B. Gil, and Michael D. Weiner, A family of Bell transformations, arXiv:1803.07727 [math.CO], 2018.
E. W. Bowen and N. J. A. Sloane, Correspondence, 1976.
Glenn Bruda, Asymptotic expansions for the reciprocal Hardy-Littlewood logarithmic integrals, arXiv:2412.19866 [math.CO], 2024. See pages 1, 7.
David Callan, Counting Stabilized-Interval-Free Permutations, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 7 (2004), Article 04.1.8.
Peter Cameron's Blog, The symmetric group, 11, Posted 09/04/2011.
Mahir Bilen Can, Luke Nelson, and Kevin Treat, A Catalanization Map on the Symmetric Group, Enum. Comb. Appl. (2022) Vol. 2, No. 4, #S4PP7.
Daniel Chen and Sebastian Ohlig, Associated Permutations of Complete Non-Ambiguous Trees and Zubieta's Conjecture, arXiv:2210.11117 [math.CO], 2022.
Fan Chung and R. L. Graham, Primitive juggling sequences, Am. Math. Monthly 115 (3) (2008) 185-194.
L. Comtet, Sur les coefficients de l'inverse de la série formelle Sum n! t^n, Comptes Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, A 275 (1972), 569-572.
L. Comtet, Series inversions, C. R. Acad. Sc. Paris, t. 275 (25 septembre 1972), 569-572. (Annotated scanned copy)
Xinle Dai, Jordan Long, and Karen Yeats, Subdivergence-free gluings of trees, arXiv:2106.07494 [math.CO], 2021.
M. A. Deryagina and A. D. Mednykh, On the enumeration of circular maps with given number of edges, Siberian Mathematical Journal, 54, No. 6, 2013, 624-639.
Stoyan Dimitrov, Sorting by shuffling methods and a queue, arXiv:2103.04332 [math.CO], 2021.
J. D. Dixon, The probability of generating the symmetric group, Math. Z. 110 (1969) 199-205.
John D. Dixon, Asymptotics of Generating the Symmetric and Alternating Groups, Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, vol 11(2), R56.
G. Duchamp, F. Hivert, and J.-Y. Thibon, Noncommutative symmetric functions VI: Free quasi-symmetric functions and related algebras, arXiv:math/0105065 [math.CO], 2001.
G. A. Edgar, Transseries for beginners, arXiv:0801.4877 [math.RA], 2008-2009.
Richard Ehrenborg, Gábor Hetyei, and Margaret Readdy, Catalan-Spitzer permutations, arXiv:2310.06288 [math.CO], 2023. See p. 19.
Jesse Elliott, Asymptotic expansions of the prime counting function, arXiv:1809.06633 [math.NT], 2018.
P. Flajolet and R. Sedgewick, Analytic Combinatorics, 2009; see page 90.
A. L. L. Gao, S. Kitaev, and P. B. Zhang. On pattern avoiding indecomposable permutations, arXiv:1605.05490 [math.CO], 2016.
I. M. Gessel and R. P. Stanley Algebraic Enumeration (See pages 7-8 for generating function.)
R. K. Guy, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 1974
P. Hegarty and A. Martinsson, On the existence of accessible paths in various models of fitness landscapes, arXiv preprint arXiv:1210.4798 [math.PR], 2012. - From _N. J. A. Sloane_, Jan 01 2013
V. Jelínek and P. Valtr, Splittings and Ramsey Properties of Permutation Classes, arXiv preprint arXiv:1307.0027 [math.CO], 2013.
B. R. Jones, On tree hook length formulas, Feynman rules and B-series, Master's thesis, Simon Fraser University, 2014.
A. King, Generating indecomposable permutations, Discrete Math., 306 (2006), 508-518.
Y. Koh and S. Ree, Connected permutation graphs, Discrete Math. 307 (2007), 2628-2635.
M. K. Krotter, I. C. Christov, J. M. Ottino and R. M. Lueptow, Cutting and Shuffling a Line Segment: Mixing by Interval Exchange Transformations, arXiv preprint arXiv:1208.2052 [physics.flu-dyn], 2012. - From _N. J. A. Sloane_, Dec 25 2012
Ajay Kumar and Chanchal Kumar, Monomial ideals induced by permutations avoiding patterns, 2018.
Chanchal Kumar and Amit Roy, Integer Sequences and Monomial Ideals, arXiv:2003.10098 [math.CO], 2020.
Steven Linton, James Propp, Tom Roby, and Julian West, Equivalence Classes of Permutations under Various Relations Generated by Constrained Transpositions, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 15 (2012), #12.9.1.
R. J. Martin and M. J. Kearney, An exactly solvable self-convolutive recurrence, arXiv:1103.4936 [math.CO], 2011.
R. J. Martin and M. J. Kearney, An exactly solvable self-convolutive recurrence, Aequat. Math., 80 (2010), 291-318. see p. 292.
Richard J. Martin and Michael J. Kearney, Integral representation of certain combinatorial recurrences, Combinatorica: 35:3 (2015), 309-315.
Jean-Christophe Novelli and Jean-Yves Thibon, Free quasi-symmetric functions and descent algebras for wreath products, and noncommutative multi-symmetric functions (2008); arXiv:0806.3682 [math.CO]. Discrete Math. 310 (2010), no. 24, 3584-3606.
P. Ossona de Mendez and P. Rosenstiehl, Transitivity and connectivity of permutations, Combinatorica, 24 (No. 3, 2004), 487-501.
L. Panaitopol, A formula for pi(x) applied to a result of Koninck-Ivić, Nieuw Arch. Wisk. 5/1 55-56 (2000).
Vincent Pilaud, Brick polytopes, lattice quotients, and Hopf algebras, arXiv:1505.07665 [math.CO], 2015.
S. Poirier and C. Reutenauer, Algèbres Hopf de tableaux, Ann. Sci. Math. Quebec 19 (95), no. 1, 79-90.
N. Reading Noncrossing partitions and the shard intersection order. J. Algebraic Combin. 33 (2011), no. 4. arXiv preprint arXiv:0909.3288, [math.CO], 2009.
Herman P. Robinson, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 19 1973.
R. P. Stanley, The Descent Set and Connectivity Set of a Permutation, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 8 (2005), Article 05.3.8.
Timothy R. Walsh, Space-efficient generation of nonisomorphic maps and hypermaps, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 18 (2015), Article 15.4.3.
Marcel Wienöbst, Max Bannach, and Maciej Liśkiewicz, Polynomial-Time Algorithms for Counting and Sampling Markov Equivalent DAGs with Applications, arXiv:2205.02654 [cs.LG], 2022.
Jun Yan, Results on pattern avoidance in parking functions, arXiv:2404.07958 [math.CO], 2024. See p. 7.

See A167894 for another version.
Bisections give A272656, A272657.
Row sums of A111184 and A089949.
Leading diagonal of A059438. A diagonal of A263484.
Cf. A051296, A084938, A074664, A113869, A144107.
Cf. A260503, A259472, A261214, A261239, A261253, A261254.
Cf. A090238, A000698, A356291 (reducible permutations).
Column k=0 of A370380 and A370381 (without pair of initial terms and with different offset).

INVERTi([seq(n!,n=1..20)]);
A003319 := proc(n) option remember; n! - add((n-j)!*A003319(j), j=1..n-1) end;
[seq(A003319(n), n=0..50)]; # N. J. A. Sloane, Dec 28 2011
series(2 - 1/hypergeom([1,1], [], x), x=0,50); # Mark van Hoeij, Apr 18 2013

a[n_] := a[n] = n! - Sum[k!*a[n-k], {k, 1, n-1}]; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 20}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 11 2011, after given formula *)
CoefficientList[Assuming[Element[x,Reals],Series[2-E^(1/x)* x/ExpIntegralEi[1/x],{x,0,20}]],x] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 07 2014 *)
a[ n_] := If[ n < 2, 1, a[n] = (n - 2) a[n - 1] + Sum[ a[k] a[n - k], {k, n - 1}]]; (* Michael Somos, Feb 23 2015 *)
Table[SeriesCoefficient[1 + x/(1 + ContinuedFractionK[-Floor[(k + 2)/2]*x, 1, {k, 1, n}]), {x, 0, n}], {n, 0, 20}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 29 2017 *)

{a(n) = my(A); if( n<1, 1, A = vector(n); A[1] = 1; for( k=2, n, A[k] = (k - 2) * A[k-1] + sum( j=1, k-1, A[j] * A[k-j])); A[n])}; /* Michael Somos, Jul 24 2011 */

{if(n<1,1,a(n)=local(A=x);for(i=1,n,A=x-x*A+A^2+x^2*A' +x*O(x^n));polcoeff(A,n))} /* Paul D. Hanna, Jul 30 2011 */

def A003319_list(len):
    R, C = [1], [1] + [0] * (len - 1)
    for n in range(1, len):
        for k in range(n, 0, -1):
            C[k] = C[k - 1] * k
        C[0] = -sum(C[k] for k in range(1, n + 1))
        R.append(-C[0])
    return R
print(A003319_list(21))  # Peter Luschny, Feb 19 2016

G.f.: 2 - 1/Sum_{k>=0} k!*x^k.
Also a(n) = n! - Sum_{k=1..n-1} k!*a(n-k) [Bowen, 1976].
Also coefficients in the divergent series expansion log Sum_{n>=0} n!*x^n = Sum_{n>=1} a(n+1)*x^n/n [Bowen, 1976].
a(n) = (-1)^(n-1) * det {| 1! 2! ... n! | 1 1! ... (n-1)! | 0 1 1! ... (n-2)! | ... | 0 ... 0 1 1! |}.
INVERTi transform of factorial numbers, A000142 starting from n=1. - Antti Karttunen, May 30 2003
Gives the row sums of the triangle [0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, ...] DELTA [1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, ...] where DELTA is the operator defined in A084938; this triangle A089949. - Philippe Deléham, Dec 30 2003
a(n+1) = Sum_{k=0..n} A089949(n,k). - Philippe Deléham, Oct 16 2006
L.g.f.: Sum_{n>=1} a(n)*x^n/n = log( Sum_{n>=0} n!*x^n ). - Paul D. Hanna, Sep 19 2007
G.f.: 1+x/(1-x/(1-2*x/(1-2*x/(1-3*x/(1-3*x/(1-4*x/(1-4*x/(1-...)))))))) (continued fraction). - Paul Barry, Oct 07 2008
a(n) = -Sum_{i=0..n} (-1)^i*A090238(n, i) for n > 0. - Peter Luschny, Mar 13 2009
From Gary W. Adamson, Jul 14 2011: (Start)
a(n) = upper left term in M^(n-1), M = triangle A128175 as an infinite square production matrix (deleting the first "1"); as follows:
   1,  1,  0,  0,  0,  0, ...
   2,  2,  1,  0,  0,  0, ...
   4,  4,  3,  1,  0,  0, ...
   8,  8,  7,  4,  1,  0, ...
  16, 16, 15, 11,  5,  1, ...
  ... (End)
O.g.f. satisfies: A(x) = x - x*A(x) + A(x)^2 + x^2*A'(x). - Paul D. Hanna, Jul 30 2011
From Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jun 24 2012: (Start)
Let A(x) be the g.f.; then
A(x) = 1/Q(0), where Q(k) = x + 1 + x*k - (k+2)*x/Q(k+1).
A(x) = (1-1/U(0))/x, when U(k) = 1 + x*(2*k+1)/(1 - 2*x*(k+1)/(2*x*(k+1) + 1/U(k+1))). (End)
From Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Aug 03 2013: (Start)
Continued fractions:
G.f.: 1 - G(0)/2, where G(k) = 1 + 1/(1 - x*(2*k+2)/(x*(2*k+2) - 1 + x*(2*k+2)/G(k+1))).
G.f.: (x/2)*G(0), where G(k) = 1 + 1/(1 - x*(k+1)/(x*(k+1/2) + 1/G(k+1))).
G.f.: x*G(0), where G(k) = 1 - x*(k+1)/(x - 1/G(k+1)).
G.f.: 1 - 1/G(0), where G(k) = 1 - x*(k+1)/(x*(k+1) - 1/(1 - x*(k+1)/(x*(k+1) - 1/G(k+1)))).
G.f.: x*W(0), where W(k) = 1 - x*(k+1)/(x*(k+1) - 1/(1 - x*(k+2)/(x*(k+2) - 1/W(k+1)))).
(End)
a(n) = A233824(n-1) if n > 0. (Proof. Set b(n) = A233824(n), so that b(n) = n*n! - Sum_{k=1..n-1} k!*b(n-k). To get a(n+1) = b(n) for n >= 0, induct on n, use (n+1)! = n*n! + n!, and replace k with k+1 in the sum.) - Jonathan Sondow, Dec 19 2013
a(n) ~ n! * (1 - 2/n - 1/n^2 - 5/n^3 - 32/n^4 - 253/n^5 - 2381/n^6 - 25912/n^7 - 319339/n^8 - 4388949/n^9 - 66495386/n^10), for coefficients see A260503. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 27 2015
For n>0, a(n) = (A059439(n) - A259472(n))/2. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 03 2015
From Peter Bala, May 23 2017: (Start)
G.f.: 1 + x/(1 + x - 2*x/(1 + 2*x - 3*x/(1 + 3*x - 4*x/(1 + 4*x - ...)))). Cf. A000698.
G.f.: 1/(1 - x/(1 + x - x/(1 - 2*x/(1 - 2*x/(1 - 3*x/(1 - 3*x/(1 - 4*x/(1 - 4*x/(1 - ...))))))))). (End)
Conjecture: a(n) = A370380(n-2, 0) = A370381(n-2, 0) for n > 1 with a(0) = a(1) = 1. - Mikhail Kurkov, Apr 26 2024

More terms from Michael Somos, Jan 26 2000
Additional comments from Marcelo Aguiar (maguiar(AT)math.tamu.edu), Mar 28 2002
Added a(0)=0 (some of the formulas may now need adjusting). - N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 12 2012
Edited and set a(0) = 1 by Peter Luschny, Aug 03 2022

A051295 a(0)=1; thereafter, a(m+1) = Sum_{k=0..m} k!*a(m-k).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 5, 15, 54, 235, 1237, 7790, 57581, 489231, 4690254, 49986715, 585372877, 7463687750, 102854072045, 1522671988215, 24093282856182, 405692082526075, 7242076686885157, 136599856992122366, 2714409550073698925, 56674981258436882463, 1240409916125255533662

Offset: 0

Leroy Quet

a(n) = number of permutations on [n] that contain a 132 pattern only as part of a 4132 pattern. For example, a(4) = 15 counts the 14 132-avoiding permutations on [4] (Catalan numbers A000108) and 4132.
a(n) is the number of permutations on [n] that contain a (scattered) 342 pattern only as part of a 1342 pattern. For example, 412635 fails because 463 is an offending 342 pattern (= 231 pattern).
This sequence gives the number of permutations of {1,2,...,n} such that the elements of each cycle of the permutation form an interval. - Michael Albert, Dec 14 2004
Starting (1, 2, 5, 15, ...) = row sums of triangle A143965. - Gary W. Adamson, Apr 10 2009
Number of compositions of n where there are (k-1)! sorts of part k. - Joerg Arndt, Aug 04 2014

			a[ 4 ]=15=a[ 3 ]*0!+a[ 2 ]*1!+a[ 1 ]*2!+a[ 0 ]*3!=5*1+2*1+1*2+1*6.
As to matrix M, a(3) = 5 since the top row of M^n = (5, 5, 4, 1), with a(4) = 15 = (5 + 5 + 4 + 1).

Vincenzo Librandi and Vaclav Kotesovec, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..448 (first 100 terms from Vincenzo Librandi)
David Callan, A combinatorial interpretation of the eigensequence for composition, arXiv:math/0507169 [math.CO], 2005.
David Callan, A Combinatorial Interpretation of the Eigensequence for Composition, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 9 (2006), Article 06.1.4.
Stefan Forcey, Aaron Lauve and Frank Sottile, Cofree compositions of coalgebras, Annals of Combinatorics 17 (1) pp. 105-130 March, 2013.
Richard J. Martin, and Michael J. Kearney, Integral representation of certain combinatorial recurrences, Combinatorica: 35:3 (2015), 309-315.
Lara Pudwell, Enumeration Schemes for Permutations Avoiding Barred Patterns, El. J. Combinat. 17 (1) (2010) R29.

Cf. A051296, A260532.
Row sums of A084938.
Cf. A143965. - Gary W. Adamson, Apr 10 2009
Column k=0 of A381529.

a := proc(n) option remember; `if`(n<2, 1, add(a(n-j-1)*j!, j=0..n-1)) end proc: seq(a(n), n=0..30); # Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 28 2015

Table[Coefficient[Series[E^x/(E^x-ExpIntegralEi[x]),{x,Infinity,20}],x,-n],{n,0,20}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Feb 22 2014 *)

{a(n)=local(A=1+x+x*O(x^n));for(i=1,n,A=(1+x^2*deriv(A)/A)/(1-x));polcoeff(A,n)} \\ Paul D. Hanna, Aug 02 2008

It appears that the INVERT transform of factorial numbers A000142 gives 1, 2, 5, 15, 54, 235, 1237, ... - Antti Karttunen, May 30 2003
This is true: translating the defining recurrence to a generating function identity yields A(x) = 1/(1 - (0!*x + 1!*x^2 + 2!*x^3 + ...)) which is the INVERT formula.
In other words: let F(x) = Sum_{n>=0} n!*x^n then the g.f. is 1/(1-x*F(x)), cf. A052186 (g.f. F(x)/(1+x*F(x))). - Joerg Arndt, Apr 25 2011
a(n) = Sum_{k>=0} A084938(n, k). - Philippe Deléham, Feb 05 2004
G.f. A(x) satisfies: A(x) = (1-x)*A(x)^2 - x^2*A'(x). - Paul D. Hanna, Aug 02 2008
G.f.: A(x) = 1/(1-x/(1-1*x/(1-1*x/(1-2*x/(1-2*x/(1-3*x/(1-3*x...))))))) (continued fraction). - Paul Barry, Sep 25 2008
From Gary W. Adamson, Jul 22 2011: (Start)
a(n) = upper left term in M^n, M = an infinite square production matrix in which a column of 1's is prepended to Pascal's triangle, as follows:
  1, 1, 0, 0, 0, ...
  1, 1, 1, 0, 0, ...
  1, 1, 2, 1, 0, ...
  1, 1, 3, 3, 1, ...
  ...
Also, a(n+1) = sum of top row terms of M^n. (End)
G.f.: 1+x/(U(0)-x) where U(k) = 1 + x*k - x*(k+1)/U(k+1); (continued fraction, 1-step). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Oct 10 2012
G.f.: 1/(U(0) - x) where U(k) = 1 - x*(k+1)/(1 - x*(k+1)/U(k+1)); (continued fraction, 2-step). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Nov 12 2012
a(n) ~ (n-1)! * (1 + 2/n + 7/n^2 + 31/n^3 + 165/n^4 + 1025/n^5 + 7310/n^6 + 59284/n^7 + 543702/n^8 + 5618267/n^9 + 65200918/n^10), for coefficients see A260532. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 28 2015

More terms from Vincenzo Librandi, Feb 23 2013

A077365 Sum of products of factorials of parts in all partitions of n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 3, 9, 37, 169, 981, 6429, 49669, 430861, 4208925, 45345165, 536229373, 6884917597, 95473049469, 1420609412637, 22580588347741, 381713065286173, 6837950790434781, 129378941557961565, 2578133190722896861, 53965646957320869469, 1183822028149936497501

Offset: 0

Vladeta Jovovic, Nov 30 2002

nonn

Row sums of arrays A069123 and A134133. Row sums of triangle A134134.

			The partitions of 4 are 4, 3+1, 2+2, 2+1+1, 1+1+1+1, the corresponding products of factorials of parts are 24,6,4,2,1 and their sum is a(4) = 37.
1 + x + 3 x^2 + 9 x^3 + 37 x^4 + 169 x^5 + 981 x^6 + 6429 x^7 + 49669 x^8 + ...

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..450 (terms n = 0..70 from Vincenzo Librandi)
J.-P. Bultel, A, Chouria, J.-G. Luque and O. Mallet, Word symmetric functions and the Redfield-Polya theorem, 2013.

Cf. A006906, A074141, A256125, A265950.
Cf. A069123, A134133, A134134.
Cf. A051296 (with compositions instead of partitions).

b:= proc(n, i, j) option remember;
      `if`(n=0, 1, `if`(i<1, 0, b(n, i-1, j)+
      `if`(i>n, 0, j^i*b(n-i, i, j+1))))
    end:
a:= n-> b(n$2, 1):
seq(a(n), n=0..40);  # Alois P. Heinz, Aug 03 2013
# second Maple program:
b:= proc(n, i) option remember; `if`(n=0, 1, `if`(i<1, 0,
       b(n, i-1)+`if`(i>n, 0, b(n-i, i)*i!)))
    end:
a:= n-> b(n$2):
seq(a(n), n=0..30);  # Alois P. Heinz, May 11 2016

Table[Plus @@ Map[Times @@ (#!) &, IntegerPartitions[n]], {n, 0, 20}] (* Olivier Gérard, Oct 22 2011 *)
a[ n_] := If[ n < 0, 0, Plus @@ Times @@@ (IntegerPartitions[ n] !)] (* Michael Somos, Feb 09 2012 *)
nmax=20; CoefficientList[Series[Product[1/(1-k!*x^k),{k,1,nmax}],{x,0,nmax}],x] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 14 2015 *)
b[n_, i_, j_] := b[n, i, j] = If[n==0, 1, If[i<1, 0, b[n, i-1, j] + If[i>n, 0, j^i*b[n-i, i, j+1]]]]; a[n_] := b[n, n, 1]; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 40}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 12 2015, after Alois P. Heinz *)

N=66; q='q+O('q^N);
gf= 1/prod(n=1,N, (1-n!*q^n) );
Vec(gf)
/* Joerg Arndt, Oct 06 2012 */

G.f.: 1/Product_{m>0} (1-m!*x^m).
Recurrence: a(n) = 1/n*Sum_{k=1..n} b(k)*a(n-k), where b(k) = Sum_{d divides k} d*d!^(k/d).
a(n) ~ n! * (1 + 1/n + 3/n^2 + 12/n^3 + 67/n^4 + 457/n^5 + 3734/n^6 + 35741/n^7 + 392875/n^8 + 4886114/n^9 + 67924417/n^10), for coefficients see A256125. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 14 2015
G.f.: exp(Sum_{k>=1} Sum_{j>=1} (j!)^k*x^(j*k)/k). - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Jun 18 2018

Unnecessarily complicated mma code deleted by N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 21 2009

A090238 Triangle T(n, k) read by rows. T(n, k) is the number of lists of k unlabeled permutations whose total length is n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 6, 4, 1, 0, 24, 16, 6, 1, 0, 120, 72, 30, 8, 1, 0, 720, 372, 152, 48, 10, 1, 0, 5040, 2208, 828, 272, 70, 12, 1, 0, 40320, 14976, 4968, 1576, 440, 96, 14, 1, 0, 362880, 115200, 33192, 9696, 2720, 664, 126, 16, 1, 0, 3628800, 996480, 247968, 64704, 17312, 4380, 952, 160, 18, 1

Offset: 0

Philippe Deléham, Jan 23 2004, Jun 14 2007

T(n,k) is the number of lists of k unlabeled permutations whose total length is n. Unlabeled means each permutation is on an initial segment of the positive integers. Example: with dashes separating permutations, T(3,2) = 4 counts 1-12, 1-21, 12-1, 21-1. - David Callan, Nov 29 2007
For n > 0, -Sum_{i=0..n} (-1)^i*T(n,i) is the number of indecomposable permutations A003319. - Peter Luschny, Mar 13 2009
Also the convolution triangle of the factorial numbers for n >= 1. - Peter Luschny, Oct 09 2022

			Triangle begins:
  1;
  0,       1;
  0,       2,      1;
  0,       6,      4,      1;
  0,      24,     16,      6,     1;
  0,     120,     72,     30,     8,     1;
  0,     720,    372,    152,    48,    10,     1;
  0,    5040,   2208,    828,   272,    70,    12,    1;
  0,   40320,  14976,   4968,  1576,   440,    96,   14,   1;
  0,  366880, 115200,  33192,  9696,  2720,   664,  126,  16,   1;
  0, 3628800, 996480, 247968, 64704, 17312,  4380,  952, 160,  18,  1;
  ...

L. Comtet, Advanced Combinatorics, Reidel, 1974, p. 171, #34.

Another version: A059369.
Row sums: A051296, A003319 (n>0).
Diagonals: A000007, A000142, A059371, A000012, A005843, A054000.
Cf. A084938.

T := proc(n,k) option remember; if n=0 and k=0 then return 1 fi;
if n>0 and k=0 or k>0 and n=0 then return 0 fi;
T(n-1,k-1)+(n+k-1)*T(n-1,k)/k end:
for n from 0 to 10 do seq(T(n,k),k=0..n) od; # Peter Luschny, Mar 03 2016
# Uses function PMatrix from A357368.
PMatrix(10, factorial); # Peter Luschny, Oct 09 2022

T[n_, k_] := T[n, k] = T[n-1, k-1] + ((n+k-1)/k)*T[n-1, k]; T[0, 0] = 1; T[, 0] = T[0, ] = 0;
Table[T[n, k], {n, 0, 10}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 20 2018 *)

T(n, k) is given by [0, 2, 1, 3, 2, 4, 3, 5, 4, 6, 5, 7, 6, ...] DELTA [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ...] where DELTA is the operator defined in A084938.
T(n, k) = T(n-1, k-1) + ((n+k-1)/k)*T(n-1, k); T(0, 0)=1, T(n, 0)=0 if n > 0, T(0, k)=0 if k > 0.
G.f. for the k-th column: (Sum_{i>=1} i!*t^i)^k = Sum_{n>=k} T(n, k)*t^n.
Sum_{k=0..n} T(n, k)*binomial(m, k) = A084938(m+n, m). - Philippe Deléham, Jan 31 2004
T(n, k) = Sum_{j>=0} A090753(j)*T(n-1, k+j-1). - Philippe Deléham, Feb 18 2004
From Peter Bala, May 27 2017: (Start)
Conjectural o.g.f.: 1/(1 + t - t*F(x)) = 1 + t*x + (2*t + t^2)*x^2 + (6*t + 4*t^2 + t^3)*x^3 + ..., where F(x) = Sum_{n >= 0} n!*x^n.
If true then a continued fraction representation of the o.g.f. is 1 - t + t/(1 - x/(1 - t*x - x/(1 - 2*x/(1 - 2*x/(1 - 3*x/(1 - 3*x/(1 - 4*x/(1 - 4*x/(1 - ... ))))))))). (End)

New name using a comment from David Callan by Peter Luschny, Sep 01 2022

A113871 G.f.: 1/(Sum_{k>=0} (k!)^2 x^k).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, -1, -3, -29, -499, -13101, -486131, -24266797, -1571357619, -128264296301, -12894743113075, -1566235727656365, -226180775756251955, -38308065207361046509, -7521255169156107737331, -1694604321825062440852013, -434302821056087233474158259

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 26 2006

sign

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..100
Marcelo Aguiar and Swapneel Mahajan, On The Hadamard product Of Hopf monoids
John D. Dixon, Asymptotics of Generating the Symmetric and Alternating Groups, Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 2005, vol 11(2), R56.

Cf. A003319, A051296, A113869, A114038, A316862.

nn = 20; CoefficientList[Series[1/Sum[(k!)^2 x^k, {k, 0, nn}], {x, 0, nn}], x] (* T. D. Noe, Jan 03 2013 *)

h = 1/(1+x*hypergeometric((1,2,2),(),x))
taylor(h,x,0,16).list() # Peter Luschny, Jul 28 2015

def A113871_list(len):
    R, C = [1], [1]+[0]*(len-1)
    for n in (1..len-1):
        for k in range(n,-1,-1):
            C[k] = C[k-1] * k^2
        C[0] = -sum(C[k] for k in (1..n))
        R.append(C[0])
    return R
print(A113871_list(17)) # Peter Luschny, Jul 30 2015

G.f.: 2/Q(0), where Q(k) = 1 + 1/(1 - (k+1)^2*x/((k+1)^2*x + 1/Q(k+1) )); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Sep 17 2013
a(n) ~ -n!^2 * (1 - 2/n^2 - 5/n^4 - 10/n^5 - 67/n^6 - 332/n^7 - 2152/n^8 - 14946/n^9 - 115583/n^10). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 28 2015
a(0) = 1, a(n) = -Sum_{k=0..n-1} a(k) * ((n-k)!)^2. - Daniel Suteu, Feb 23 2018

A292778 INVERT transform of double factorials.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 3, 8, 25, 73, 234, 717, 2357, 7480, 25289, 82837, 289518, 980017, 3566993, 12526980, 47916421, 175536777, 712276698, 2736099789, 11863097885, 47932689416, 222692658177, 946323358837, 4700880455462, 20946375415505, 110626016074953, 514550968010964

Offset: 0

Alois P. Heinz, Sep 22 2017

nonn

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..807

Cf. A006882, A051296.

a:= proc(n) option remember; `if`(n=0, 1,
      add(doublefactorial(j)*a(n-j), j=1..n))
    end:
seq(a(n), n=0..30);

G.f.: 1 / (1 - Sum_{k>=1} k!! * x^k). - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Dec 14 2019

A302557 Expansion of 1/(2 - Sum_{k>=0} k!*x^k/(1 + x)^(k+1)).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 2, 10, 48, 288, 1984, 15660, 139312, 1380484, 15080152, 180017780, 2331038048, 32537274756, 486942025288, 7777172706308, 132025174277392, 2373753512469972, 45059504242538328, 900498975768121972, 18898334957168597184, 415537355533831049572, 9552918187197519923176

Offset: 0

Ilya Gutkovskiy, Aug 15 2018

nonn

Invert transform of A000166.

N. J. A. Sloane, Transforms
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Subfactorial

Cf. A000166, A051295, A051296, A259869, A259870, A305275.

nmax = 23; CoefficientList[Series[1/(2 - Sum[k! x^k/(1 + x)^(k + 1), {k, 0, nmax}]), {x, 0, nmax}], x]
nmax = 23; CoefficientList[Series[1/(1 - Sum[Round[k!/Exp[1]] x^k, {k, 1, nmax}]), {x, 0, nmax}], x]
a[0] = 1; a[n_] := a[n] = Sum[Subfactorial[k] a[n - k], {k, 1, n}]; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 23}]

G.f.: 1/(1 - Sum_{k>=1} A000166(k)*x^k).
G.f.: 1/(2 - 1/(1 - x^2/(1 - 2*x - 4*x^2/(1 - 4*x - 9*x^2/(1 - 6*x - 16*x^2/(1 - ...)))))), a continued fraction.
a(n) ~ exp(-1) * n! * (1 + 2/n^2 + 6/n^3 + 35/n^4 + 256/n^5 + 2187/n^6 + 21620/n^7 + 243947/n^8 + 3098528/n^9 + 43799819/n^10 + ...), for coefficients see A305275. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 18 2018

A193763 Number of signed permutations of length n avoiding (-2, 1) and (2, -1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 6, 22, 94, 462, 2606, 16862, 124782, 1048990, 9921550, 104447550, 1211190638, 15329157278, 210093682254, 3097760346238, 48869022535726, 821007386273118, 14630266558195214, 275575669958063678, 5469996402416702958, 114107289124208861470

Offset: 0

Andy Hardt, Aug 04 2011

nonn

Also the number of signed permutations of length 2*n invariant under Dbar and avoiding (-1, 2) and (1, -2).

Also the number of signed permutations of length 2*n invariant under R180bar and avoiding (-1, 2) and (1, -2).

			For n = 2, the 6 permutations are (2, 1), (-2, -1), (1, 2), (1, -2), (-1, 2), and (-1, -2).
a(3) = 22 = sum of top row terms of M^3 = (11 + 3 + 2 + 6); where 11 = A051296(3).

Cf. A051296.

b := proc(n) option remember; if n = 0 then 2 else
add(factorial(k)*b(n-k), k=1..n) fi end:
a := n -> if n = 0 then return 1 else b(n) end:
seq(a(n), n=0..21); # Peter Luschny, Dec 07 2018

a(0) = 1, and for n > 0, a(n) = n! + Sum_{j=0..n-1} (n-j)! * a(j).
a(n) is the sum of top row terms of M^n, M = an infinite square production matrix as follows:
  1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,...
  2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0,...
  3, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0,...
  4, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0,...
  5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5,...
  ... The upper left term of M^n = A051296(n). - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 26 2011

More terms from Joerg Arndt, Aug 16 2011

cp's OEIS Frontend

A260530 Coefficients in asymptotic expansion of sequence A051296.

Views

Author

Keywords

Examples

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Mathematica

Formula

A000142 Factorial numbers: n! = 1*2*3*4*...*n (order of symmetric group S_n, number of permutations of n letters).

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

References

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Axiom

GAP

Haskell

Julia

Magma

Maple

Mathematica

PARI

PARI

Python

Python

Sage

Scala

Formula

A003319 Number of connected permutations of [1..n] (those not fixing [1..j] for 0 < j < n). Also called indecomposable permutations, or irreducible permutations.

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

References

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Maple

Mathematica

PARI

PARI

Sage

Formula

Extensions

A051295 a(0)=1; thereafter, a(m+1) = Sum_{k=0..m} k!*a(m-k).

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Maple

Mathematica

PARI

Formula

Extensions

A077365 Sum of products of factorials of parts in all partitions of n.

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Maple

Mathematica

PARI

Formula

Extensions

A000142 Factorial numbers: n! = 123*4...n (order of symmetric group S_n, number of permutations of n letters).